Ivy Speedwell

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Ivy Speedwell
Ivy speedwell (veronica hederifolia)

Ivy speedwell ( veronica hederifolia )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Plantain family (Plantaginaceae)
Tribe : Veroniceae
Genre : Speedwell ( Veronica )
Type : Ivy Speedwell
Scientific name
Veronica hederifolia
L.

The Ivy speedwell ( Veronica hederifolia ), also Ivy-speedwell called, is a kind of the genus of prizes ( Veronica ) within the family of plantain plants (Plantaginaceae).

description

Illustration from storm
A: Flower with triangular-heart-shaped, ciliate sepals that are bare on the surface. B: Open flower, ovary and style are visible. The flower stalk is hairy in one line. C: The crown is light blue in color and has darker veins. D: The crown has a clearly contrasting white center.
Immature fruit with pyramidal tapering sepals. In the picture below, the sepals have been partially removed and reveal the spherical and completely bald fruit.
Part of the fruit cluster with fruit and bract. The fruit stalk is usually 2 to 3 times as long as the calyx.
The flower stalk has a line of hairs and is otherwise usually bare.
The seeds are pale yellow, the edge of the mouth hardly stands out in color and is not shiny.
Seed cross-section: the edge of the mouth is clearly rolled inwards.

Vegetative characteristics

The ivy speedwell is an annual herbaceous plant that can grow to a height of 30 centimeters. The stems are mostly lying, but sometimes also ascending and loosely hairy, especially in the upper part. They are branched right at the base. The broad oval, notched, stalked leaves are opposite, while the very similar-looking bracts are arranged alternately.

Generative characteristics

The long-stalked flowers are located individually in the upper leaf axils. The hermaphroditic flowers have a double flower envelope . The 3 to 7 millimeter wide crowns are light, purple to blue in color and have a drawn-out tip.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 54.

Ecology and phenology

Veronica hederifolia germinates from the top soil layer in late autumn or early spring. The flowering period extends from March to May.

The ivy speedwell is a summer or winter annual (annual = annual) and spring green therophyte - its seedlings survive the winter cold without any problems. The ivy speedwell can germinate even in winter.

The flowers remain closed when it rains. Flower visitors are relatives of bees , but mostly spontaneous self-pollination takes place. The anthers are already open during flowering and enclose the stigma.

Fruit ripening is from April to June. The fruit stalks are elongated after flowering and curved downwards. The capsule fruits usually remain closed. In the cavity of the large, bowl-shaped seeds , which are up to 3 millimeters long, an air bubble later forms so that they can spread out as rain sprouts. The seeds also carry an elaiosome that ants can spread . In addition, spreading occurs randomly, for example through thistle finches. Also, Veronica hederifolia a Selbstaussäer. The seeds are dark germs .

Occurrence

The ivy speedwell occurs in almost all of Europe and is quite common. In addition, its distribution area also includes North Africa, the Canaries, Madeira, Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. It thrives best on loose, nutrient-rich and mild clay soils . It can be found in root crop fields, fallow land and in gardens. In fields it competes with winter barley and can severely hinder its growth if it occurs more frequently. Ivy honor price is in Central Europe a weak characteristic species of the association Aperion spicae-venti.

Systematics

The first publication of Veronica hederifolia was done by Carl von Linné .

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

According to some authors, the following taxa are also subspecies of Veronica hederifolia :

  • Veronica hederifolia L. as Veronica hederifolia subsp. hederifolia : It occurs in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
  • Grove speedwell ( Veronica sublobata M.A.Fisch. ) As Veronica hederifolia subsp. lucorum (Velcro & Richt.) Hartl
  • Veronica triloba (Opiz) Wiesb. as Veronica hederifolia subsp. triloba (Opiz) Čelak. : It occurs in southern, central, eastern Europe and western Asia.

According to K. Marhold, there are also the subspecies:

  • Veronica hederifolia subsp. insularis Gamisans: It occurs in Corsica.
  • Veronica hederifolia subsp. maura Murb .: It occurs in Morocco and Tunisia.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  842 .
  2. ^ A b Veronica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d Karol Marhold, 2011: Plantaginaceae : data sheet Veronica hederifolia In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Ivy Speedwell ( Veronica hederifolia )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files