Vlattenhaus

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View of the Vlattenhaus from the northeast

The Vlattenhaus , even Big House and taverns house called, is a moated castle in the village of Eynatten the Belgian municipality of Raeren . It probably emerged from a manor of Eynatten Castle , which was expanded into a fortified residential tower in the 15th century and was a Limburg fiefdom . The castle came from the von Eynatten family via the Thoreils in the second half of the 15th century to the von Vlatten family, who remained the owners until the beginning of the 18th century. It then belonged to the Hanotte family, who gave it to the Aachen Jesuit College in 1728 . The order had a new house built in 1761, the remains of which are still preserved today. After the order was dissolved in 1773, the Brabant domain administration sold the facility to a private individual. In World War II heavily damaged by bombing, the house has long been a ruin before it was converted in the 1990s into a residential house. It cannot be visited.

history

In the beginning, the history of the Vlattenhaus is closely linked to that of the neighboring Amstenrath , as both were owned by the von Eynatten family. The brothers Peter and Johann von Eynatten shared the family property among themselves. The Eynatten castle came to Peter, but at that time it was probably in disrepair or in great need of repair. Johann's son of the same name probably had a previous building built by Haus Amstenrath in the second half of the 14th century, while Peter moved into the Vlattenhaus. This was probably previously an estate in front of the castle, which was expanded and fortified. To distinguish between the two complexes, Johanns Gut was called the "Small House", while the Vlattenhaus was known as the "Large House" because of its greater importance.

With Peter's son Arnold Mattilon (also Matelion), the male line of those von Eynatten died out at Vlattenhaus Castle in 1434. His daughter Katharina from her marriage with Katharina von Bombaye had married Johann Thoreil (also written Thoreel and Thorcel), Herr von Bernau, in 1424 and brought him the property. On November 7, 1434 he was enfeoffed with the Vlattenhaus. Their daughter Anna married Heinrich I von Vlatten. Through her, after the death of her father in 1475, the complex came to her husband's family, which is why the name Vlattenhaus became natural for the house. Heinrich officially received the fiefdom on September 11, 1475. Because he and his descendants were hereditary cupbearers of the Duchy of Jülich , the complex was also called the Schenkenhaus. The estate remained in the possession of the von Vlatten family for many generations. In 1597 Heinrich III. von Vlatten and his siblings in favor of their brother Bertram on the house. This was given back to Heinrich IIII in 1602. back, who gave it to his youngest brother Conrad III before his death in 1623. transferred from Vlatten. After the death of Conrad's grandson, Conrad IV. (Also Cuno and Cono called) Johann Josef, relevierte whose son, the imperial lieutenant Franz Hanotte that Vlattenhaus 1696 for himself and his brother Johann Jakob Arnold of Vlatten. In 1706 he sold him his share of the fief for lifelong support. Franz Hanotte and his wife Maria Katharina, b. von Vlatten, lived only a short time in the old castle and then moved to Aachen.

Because Franz's son Johann Oliver died on March 14, 1714 without leaving any children, the Vlattenhaus was inherited by Johann Oliver's stepmother, Maria Katharina Hanotte, a cousin whom Franz had married for a second time. On August 20, 1721, she left the complex, estimated at 5,000  patakons , to the Aachen lay judge Johann Caspar Clotz for usufruct, before giving it to the Aachen Jesuit College in 1728, where her brother held the post of rector . At the time of the transition to the order, the medieval house of the castle complex was very dilapidated. The Jesuits wanted to use the Vlattenhaus as a country house and for this purpose had the dilapidated building replaced in 1761 by a smaller and simple residential building in the middle of the castle island and the moat converted into fish ponds. A no longer preserved wedge stone of the round arch portal on the north side announced the new building .

The Vlattenhaus around 1912

After the order was abolished in 1773, the Brabant domain administration became the new owner of the property and sold it in 1774 or 1776 to Theodor Thyssen, who acquired it on behalf of his father-in-law, Arnold Roemer Lambertz, who came from Eupen . He gave the property to his daughter Anna Katharina in 1788, who bequeathed it to her niece Sybille Thyssen. She was married to Wilhelm Birven and gave the castle to her son Nikolaus in 1837. When he died in 1871, his niece Frederika Talbot inherited the facility. After she died childless in 1904, the Vlattenhaus came to the factory owner Peter Reuther, who sold it in 1909 to the Aachen judiciary Charles Beaucamp. After the First World War , the property was under Sequester and partially served as a barracks and factory. In 1942, Charles Beaucamp had it extensively restored . The owners had already repaired the house in the middle of the 19th century, but it was precisely during this work that a large part of the building collapsed and had to be rebuilt. During the Second World War , the house was badly damaged by bombs on September 12, 1944 during fighting between advancing American troops and German soldiers and was henceforth a half-ruin. After the end of the war, the Vlattenhaus was again under Sequester, before the Suttor-Franssen von Cortenbach family, who also owned the neighboring Amstenrath house , bought it in the 1960s. She sold the manor house to the Jacobs community of heirs, who had the ruin converted into an apartment building with modern elements at the end of the 1990s and thus saved it from further deterioration.

description

Site plan of the Vlattenhaus around 1912

The Vlattenhaus is one of three castles in the Eynatten area. The Amstenrath House is around 200 meters to the northeast, while Raaf Castle in Berlotte is around 1.6 kilometers away.

The Vlattenhaus is a three-storey, square building, the long sides of which are divided into three axes by arched windows with ashlar and wedge stone. The historic quarry stone walls made of sandstone rise on an island measuring about 30 × 30 meters with the stumps of round towers at the corners, which have a diameter of about five meters. These towers are said to have been three to four meters high and are still connected today by the low remains of walls. The island shape thus traces the outer shape of the first castle complex, the shape of which was unique in the Duchy of Limburg. Stone bridges lead from the north-east and south-west across the wide moat to the castle island, the north of them replaced a drawbridge in the 18th century . Only parts of the outer walls of the simple mansion from the 18th century, damaged in World War II, are preserved today. Reinforced concrete ceilings were installed inside for residential use . The former hipped roof is through a flat since the 1990s saddle roof replaced.

To the northeast of the castle island is the three-winged former farm yard of the complex, the buildings of which were heavily remodeled from quarry stone. One of them can be dated to the year 1781 through wall anchors .

literature

  • Andreas Kupka: Castles in the German-speaking Community of Belgium - a few selected examples. In: Wartburg society for research into castles and palaces (ed.): The castle in the plane (= research into castles and palaces. Volume 17). Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-7319-0329-1 , pp. 369–379, here pp. 375–377.
  • Alfred Minke: Castles, palaces and a "quarter" in the Duchy of Limburg. In: Verkehrsverein Eynatten (ed.): 800 years Eynatten. Contributions to the history of the village. Volume 1. Eynatten 2013, pp. 13-17.
  • Fabrice Müllender: nobility - coats of arms - castles. In: Verkehrsverein Eynatten (ed.): 800 years Eynatten. Contributions to the history of the village. Volume 1. Eynatten 2013, pp. 50-51.
  • Manfred Nimax: Castles, palaces, mansions in East Belgium. 3. Edition. Nimax, Aachen 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-020297-1 , pp. 10-12.
  • Guy Poswick: Les Délices du Limbourg. Poswick, Verviers 1951, pp. 301-306 ( digitized version ).
  • Heribert Reiners : The art monuments of Eupen-Malmedy. Pädagogischer Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1982, ISBN 3-590-32117-2 , pp. 118-119.
  • Administration of the German-speaking Community (Hrsg.): Raeren (= monument directory. Volume 8). Administration of the German-speaking Community, Eupen 1990, pp. 320–321.

Web links

Commons : Vlattenhaus  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ^ A b Administration of the German-speaking Community: Raeren. 1990, p. 321.
  2. ↑ a b c d Alfred Minke: Castles, palaces and a "quarter" in the Duchy of Limburg. 2013, p. 15.
  3. ↑ a b Fabrice Müllender: Nobility - coat of arms - castles. 2013, p. 50.
  4. ↑ a b c Heinz Godesar: The Wasserburg Vlattenhaus. Seat of the cupbearer from Jülich. In: Grenz-Echo . Edition of August 19, 1998, p. 4.
  5. ↑ Johann Wilhelm von Mirbach-Harff names this daughter in his story of the Merode Johanna family . Cf. Johann Wilhelm von Mirbach-Harff: History of the Merode family. Volume 1. Dominicus, Prague 1877, pp. 40-41 ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ Luise Freiin von Coels von der Brügghen: The fiefdom register of the Propteilichen man chamber of the Aachen Marienstift, 1734–1794 (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History. Volume 52). Hanstein, Bonn 1952, p. 152.
  7. ↑ Christian Quix : Contributions to a historical-topographical description of the Eupen district, together with an appendix: The former rule of Mesch. Mayer, Aachen 1837, p. 173 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ A b Guy Poswick: Les Délices du Limbourg. 1951, p. 305.
  9. ^ Johann Wilhelm von Mirbach Harff: History of the Merode family. Volume 1. Dominicus, Prague 1877, p. 57 ( digitized version ).
  10. ↑ Luise Freiin von Coels von der Brügghen: The fiefdom register of the Propteilichen man chamber of the Aachen Marienstift, 1734–1794 (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History. Volume 52). Hanstein, Bonn 1952, p. 160.
  11. ^ A b c Alfred Minke: Castles, palaces and a “quarter” in the Duchy of Limburg. 2013, p. 16.
  12. ↑ Heribert Reiners: The art monuments of Eupen-Malmedy. 1982, p. 119.
  13. ^ A b Guy Poswick: Les Délices du Limbourg. 1951, p. 302.
  14. ↑ Manfred Nimax: Castles, palaces, mansions in East Belgium. 2010, p. 10.
  15. ↑ Heinz Godesar: New life awakens in the dilapidated Eynatten ruins. The Vlattenhaus is to be rebuilt 54 years after its destruction. In: Grenz-Echo. Edition of August 19, 1998, p. 4.
  16. ↑ Information on the Vlattenhaus on the Raeren municipality website , accessed on June 22, 2017.
  17. ^ Andreas Kupka: Castles in the German-speaking Community of Belgium - some selected examples. 2016, p. 377.
  18. ^ Guy Poswick: Les Délices du Limbourg. 1951, p. 301.
  19. ↑ Information on the renovation of the Vlattenhaus on the website of an engineering office involved , accessed on June 22, 2017.

Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 35 "  N , 6 ° 4 ′ 50.8"  E