Waldeck-Limpurg

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Waldeck-Limpurg was a civil lordship in Württemberg owned by the counts' branch line Waldeck-Bergheim of the princely house of Waldeck- Pyrmont. It was based on the former rule of Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim and existed from 1816 to 1888.

prehistory

In 1725, Count Josias I von Waldeck-Bergheim (1696–1763) married Dorothea Sophie Wilhelmine zu Solms-Rödelheim and Assenheim (1698–1774), a great niece of the full councilor of Limpurg-Speckfeld (1641–1713) from the Sontheim line the Limpurg tavern , who died on August 19, 1713 without male descendants. With this, the Waldeck-Bergheim family acquired a share of the holdings of the Limpurg- Gaildorf estate . However, this claim could only be realized after the end of the protracted Limpurg inheritance dispute, in which the husbands and other male relatives of the ten daughters of the last two taverns and the King of Prussia (with regard to his claim to the Limpurg imperial fiefs since 1693 ), to 1774/75 disputed their legacies consisting of allodial property and imperial fiefs.

The Limpurg inheritance dispute and its outcome

Oberamt Gaildorf, territorial status 1813, with the previous rule
boundaries legend
Gaildorf Castle
Obersontheim Castle

Vollrat Schenk von Limpurg-Speckfeld was married to Sophie Eleanore von Limpurg-Gaildorf (1655–1722), the sister of the presenter Wilhelm Heinrich von Limpurg-Gaildorf (1652–1690), and after his brother-in-law's death, his daughters contested their inheritance. This inheritance dispute soon turned into a major conflict about the delimitation of the Limpurgian allods from the imperial fiefs , to which Prussia had been entitled since 1693. A settlement concluded in 1707 between Vollrat and the two surviving Gaildorf heirs, retroactively to 1690, divided the town of Gaildorf and the Limpurg-Gaildorf estate in two. The Gaildorf inherited daughters halved their half again, and this resulted in two dominions, for which their respective spouses were named: Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim and Limpurg-Gaildorf-Wurmbrand. After the Speckfeld line in the male line had also expired with Vollrat in 1713, the conflict over the imperial fiefs initially escalated into a temporary Prussian occupation of the limpurgian rule. The legal battle lasted more than half a century. It was not until 1746, after Frederick II of Prussia had transferred his claims to the Principality of Ansbach as Reichsaftermannslehen in 1742 , that an initial comparison was made between Ansbach and the Limpurgic allodial heirs, and in 1774/75 the dispute between the descendants of the seven was finally settled daughters of the last two donors who died in 1690 and 1713. The allodial ownership of the Limpurgians was divided into a number of smaller lordships and partial and fragmented possessions (for example, the counts of the Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz and Ysenburg-Büdingen-Wächtersbach lines had shares in Limpurg-Gaildorf). From 1780 the dukes of Württemberg began to purchase some of these parts.

In 1800 there were therefore seven lordships that emerged from the County of Limpurg, mostly with scattered property and variously ordered communal ownership structures:

  • Limpurg-Gaildorf- Solms-Assenheim , three quarters owned by Waldeck-Bergheim and one quarter from Württemberg, with a focus in and around Oberrot, Fichtenberg and Altersberg and a quarter of the city of Gaildorf.
  • Limpurg-Gaildorf- Wurmbrand , each half belonging to Württemberg and Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg and concentrated in and around Eutendorf, Unterrot, Gschwend and Vordersteinenberg, also with a quarter of the city of Gaildorf.
  • Limpurg-Sontheim-Gaildorf, owned by Count von Pückler and Limpurg , with half of Gaildorf, Engelhofen, Seifertshofen and other properties around Ruppertshofen and Frickenhofen.
  • Limpurg-Sontheim-Gröningen, owned by the Hohenlohe-Bartenstein family , with Eschach, Holzhausen (partially), Ober- and Untergröningen, Schönbronn and Wengen.
  • Limpurg-Sontheim-Michelbach, owned by the Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg , with Michelbach, Gschlachtenbretzingen and Rauhenbretzingen and Oberfischach.
  • Limpurg-Sontheim-Obersontheim, half of the Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg, one third of Württemberg and one-sixth of the Counts of Pückler and Limpurg, with Obersontheim, Mittel- and Unterfischach.
  • Limpurg-Sontheim-Schmiedelfeld, part of Württemberg since 1781, with Schmiedelfeld Castle , Sulzbach, Laufen and Geifertshofen.

Acquisition by Waldeck-Bergheim

Three quarters of the Solms-Assenheim part came to Waldeck-Bergheim on winding roads. The claims to this property were in 1757, after the death of Wilhelmina Christina von Solms-Assenheim, b. von Limpurg-Gaildorf (1679–1757), went to her children: Wilhelm Carl Ludwig von Solms-Rödelheim, Dorothea Sophia Wilhelmina von Waldeck-Bergheim (the wife of Count Josias I ), Eleonora Friderika Juliana (also Eleonore Elisabeth Friederike Juliane * September 23, 1703 - June 1, 1762) by Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz and Sophia Christiana Louisa von Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg. Eleonora died in 1762, and her rights to the Limpurg rule came to her children, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz and Christina Louise Charlotte von Waldeck, wife of Count Josias II von Waldeck-Bergheim. With the conclusion of the Limpurger inheritance dispute in 1774/75, these rights were finally confirmed.

After the death of Count Josias II in 1788, his son Josias III followed him. (1774–1829) as count in the Paragium Waldeck-Bergheim. His younger children Karl (1778–1849), Karoline (1782–1820) and Georg Friedrich Karl became joint owners of the Waldeck-Bergheimer shares in Limpurg-Gaildorf, initially under the guardianship of their mother Christina Louisa.

Jurisdiction Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim or Waldeck-Limpurg

Mediatization

In the course of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim, three quarters of which was owned by three members of the House of Waldeck-Bergheim at that time, was mediated and by the Rhine Confederation Act of 1806 as a civil rule under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Württemberg posed.

Georg Friedrich Karl

Georg Friedrich Karl (* May 31, 1785, † June 18, 1826), the youngest of the three joint Waldecker owners of the Limpurg-Gaildorf estate, married Amalie Wirths (* September 7, 1785, † September 29, 1852) on June 17, 1809 ), Daughter of the Princely Waldeck miner Johann Reinhard Wirths from Bergheim . After this improper marriage, he had to renounce his rights in the Principality of Waldeck and moved to Heidelberg as a private citizen . In 1811 he entered the service of King Friedrich von Württemberg, who appointed him Privy Councilor and Bailiff of Heilbronn and in 1812 of Stuttgart .

In 1816 he acquired the shares of his siblings Karl and Karoline and thus became the sole owner of the original Solms-Assenheim shares in the Limpurg-Gaildorf estate; since then he has called himself Count von Waldeck-Pyrmont and Limpurg-Gaildorf . A quarter of the rule remained in the possession of the Kingdom of Württemberg, created on January 1, 1806 . A smaller part remained in the possession of the house of Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz until 1861, and Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim was thus a civil society with a correspondingly divided virile vote in the Bundestag of the German Confederation .

Differences of opinion in the years 1815 to 1817 with King Friedrich and his successor Wilhelm I during the Württemberg constitutional struggle and Georg's resolute advocacy of the rights of the mediatized noblemen led to his dismissal from civil service and expulsion from Stuttgart. He then moved to the old castle in Gaildorf in 1817 . Finally he surrendered to the inevitable and on August 25, 1819, King Wilhelm of Württemberg confirmed the status of the gentry in his house. From then on he tried to round off the rule of Limpurg-Gaildorf-Solms-Assenheim and Waldeck-Limpurg by buying up further shares of the former county, which had been split up into dozens of parts, which he succeeded to a considerable extent. In 1821, for example, he also acquired half of the Wurmbrand district, which had initially gone to Württemberg in 1780.

successor

After Georg's death in 1826, his widow Amalie Charlotte Auguste, who had meanwhile been raised to Countess of Waldeck-Limpurg, followed him in all possessions by virtue of the inheritance statute he had issued. She built the Villa Waldeck in Gaildorf in 1846, which after several renovations became the New Castle and today's town hall of Gaildorf.

After Amalie's death in 1852, Waldeck-Limpurg passed to Georg's nephew Richard Kasimir Alexander (* December 26, 1835, † December 5, 1905), son of his brother Karl, who had become Count of Waldeck-Bergheim in 1829, and his wife Karoline Schilling von Canstadt (1798-1866). In 1861, the Limpurg-Waldeck-Gaildorf civil society was dissolved by the transfer of Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz's share to Württemberg, and Richard received the vote in the Bundestag.

By family contract of March 16, 1868 Richard transferred the rule of Waldeck-Limpurg to his sister Mechthild Karoline Emma (* June 23, 1826, † February 28, 1899), since January 30, 1846 married to Count Carl Anton Ferdinand von Bentinck (1792– 1864); the virile voice has been "dormant" since then.

The End

Mechthild gave the state rule in 1888 to her second son, Wilhelm Carl Philipp Otto von Bentinck (1848–1912). His son and successor as head of the house, Wilhelm Friedrich Karl Heinrich (1880–1958), Count von Bentinck and Waldeck-Limpurg, married Adrienne Vegelin von Claerbergen (1891–1982) in 1923. The marriage had two daughters, Sophie and Isabelle. Isabelle von Bentinck and Waldeck-Limpurg (* 1925) married Count Aurel Ladislaus Franz Heinrich Ernst zu Ortenburg (* 1927); with that, the remaining Bentinck-Waldeck property in Gaildorf came to the Ortenburgers .

literature

  • Karl Otto Müller: The sex of the Imperial Heirloom from Limpurg until the male line died out. In: Journal for Württemberg State History. 5 (1941), pp. 215-243.
  • Heinrich Prescher: History and description of the imperial county Limpurg belonging to the Franconian district, which at the same time explains the older Kochergau history in general . 2 parts, Stuttgart 1789/90. (Reprinted by Kirchberg an der Jagst 1977)
  • Gerd Wunder, Max Schefold, Herta Beutter: The taverns of Limpurg and their country (= research from Württembergisch Franken. 20). Sigmaringen 1982.
  • Rudolph Friedrich von Moser (ed.): Description of the Oberamt Gaildorf . (= The Württemberg Oberamtsbeschreibung. Volume 31). Müller, Stuttgart 1852. Reprint: Bissinger, Magstadt 1972, ISBN 3-7644-0030-7 .
  • Hans König: The new castle. Once a villa - then a castle - today the town hall. A report on the history of the new castle. Self-published, Gaildorf 1996.
  • Alb. Eugen Adam:  Waldeck: Georg Friedrich Karl, Graf zu W. and Pyrmont also Limpurg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 40, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 667 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dorothea's mother, Wilhelmine Christiane von Limpurg (* September 24, 1679, † December 15, 1757), was a daughter of the presenter Wilhelm Heinrich von Limpurg-Gaildorf (1652-1690) and since 1695 with Count Ludwig Heinrich zu Solms-Rödelheim -Assenheim (born September 4, 1667, † May 1, 1728) married.
  2. ^ Karl-Friedrich Graf von Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz (1700–1774) had married the daughter of Wilhelmine Christine von Limpurg-Schmiedelfeld and thus acquired 2/5 of the Solms-Assenheim share of Limpurg-Gaildorf, see Joh. Friedrich Wenner: State General Genealogical Handbook, LXIV. Year, 1811, first volume , Frankfurt: 1811, p. 916 ff.
  3. ↑ All these dominions came under royal Württemberg sovereignty in 1806 through the Rhine Federation Act. The Württemberg Oberamt Gaildorf , formed in 1807 , initially comprised six of these seven parts of the country; In 1808 the previously independent office of Schmiedelfeld was incorporated.
  4. ↑ a b The Kingdom of Württemberg . tape 3 . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1886, p. 483-484 ( on Google Books ).
  5. ^ Württembergische yearbooks for statistics and regional studies . I. volume, I. half. Royal Statistical-Topographical Bureau, Stuttgart 1879, p. 42 ( on Google Books ).