Pilgrimage Church Maria Bühel

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Maria Bühel

The pilgrimage church of Our Lady of the Visitation (May 31, formerly July 2) is a Roman Catholic pilgrimage church (liberae collationis) on the wide Maria Bühel terrace in the northwest of the city of Oberndorf near Salzburg in the state of Salzburg . The pilgrimage church is connected to the German city of Laufen an der Salzach via the Maria-Bühel-Straße running south and the Europasteg over the Salzach .

history

The pilgrimage owes its origin to the Salzach shipping, in which the Salzach- Platten and Zillen were used. After reloading the salt from small to larger ships in Laufen , the ship's men should be brought to their senses , instead of making useless and God- displeased talk . The legend of its origin says that the Laufen monastery dean Dr. Georg Paris Ciurletti von Lerchen had the picture "Maria Hilf" set up next to a wooden, but soon brick-built cross column ... where everyone from Passau and Burgkhausen had to travel through ... Soon answers to prayer were announced, so that Laufen and the surrounding area .. . ye longer ye more ain strange, yes, the residents have such devotion (adoration) that the same thing would be visited frequently with one crowd after another on weekdays as well as on Sundays and public holidays . Presumably shipmen had brought a copy of a miraculous image from Bavaria.

architecture

The nave with the two onion domes was built between 1670 and 1673 and in this form was designed for long-distance effects. Both towers are crowned with slender attachments, which, however, had to be removed in 1917 due to disrepair and replaced with an emergency roof. From 1718 to 1722 the transept, the sacristy and the nearby staircase with the calvary were added.

The marble portal bears the year 1733 and the inscription "Maria, Refuge of sinners", above it is written:

Georgius Paris Ziurletti, Decanus in Lauffen has sacras aedes fundit [us] erexit 1673 . (Georg Paris Ziurletti, dean in Laufen, donated this sacred building erected in 1673).

Between 1950 and 1960, the baroque dome fresco was created by Wolfgang Köberl and the two onion domes were restored in their original form. Since the church showed severe damage due to the lack of drainage options for the roof water, it had to be extensively renovated between 1990 and 1994. A popular altar was built in accordance with the new liturgical requirements.

Furnishing

Facility

The Visitation of the Virgin Mary by Johann Michael Rottmayr

The high altar with the miraculous image comes from the Italian architect Antonio Beduzzi , who mainly worked as an imperial court architect in Vienna. The tabernacle and altar table were changed in 1886, but are now back in their original form. The altarpieces come from Johann Michael Rottmayr , born in Laufen , who created these works in 1674, his mother Margareta Magdalena Rottmayrin repeatedly did barrel work in the church. The statues in the interior were made by Josef Anton Pfaffinger , who also came from Laufen but had his workshop in Salzburg. Pfaffinger also created the Nepomuk statue at the foot of the Kalvarienbergstiege, which is located on the Salzach terrace and connected Laufen over the old and now over the new bridge with the pilgrimage church.

Image of grace in the high altar

The miraculous image is a copy of an original, presumably by Hans Holbein the Elder. Ä. which - similar to icon painting - found widespread use, Maria Magdalena Zerheuter had painted it in 1662 on a sheet metal plate. It shows a mother of God, who is holding the baby Jesus standing on her lap to her. The picture is placed in the middle of the high altar, which was built in 1722 and designed by Antonio Beduzzi . The view of the beholder should be drawn to the miraculous image framed by a rose garland through a golden halo.

A secondary cult object is a picture of St. Leonhard on the left nave altar.

organ

Ludwig Mooser organ 1857

It appears that there was a positive in the church by 1857 that had four registers . In 1857 the Gaßlbräueress Katharina Metzger donated 600 guilders for the purchase of a new organ, Ludwig Mooser had already started the work for one in advance.

In 1916 Johann Josef Mertel ( Hans Mertel ) changed the instrument, but it was restored in 1994 by Fritz Mertel , a grandson of Hans Mertel , and brought back to the original state.

Disposition
Manual: (54 keys C – f 3 )
Principal 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Coppel 8th'
flute 4 '
Octave (piccolo) 2 '
Mixture III 1 1 / 3 '
Pedal: (18 keys C – f 0 )
Sub bass 16 '
Octave bass 8th'
Pedal always coupled

Bells

The peal of the church consists of four bells with the striking tones f ', b', c '' and d ''. The latter dates from 1721 from the Josef Grassmayr foundry in Tyrol; the b'-bell from 1827 was cast by Johann Feltl in Graz. The other two bells come from the Oberascher bell foundry in Salzburg and were made in 1960.

Pilgrimage

Pilgrimage motifs were, in particular, thanks for an accident-free boat trip to Laufen and the desire to continue down the river in the same way. In Laufen, after overcoming the rapids there, the transported goods were reloaded from small to larger ships.

Auersperg family cemetery

Along the outside of the Maria Bühel pilgrimage church are the graves of Eduard Severin von Auersperg (1863–1956) and his family. He was a direct descendant of the 6th Prince of Auersperg (1749-1822).

literature

Web links

Commons : Wallfahrtskirche Maria Bühel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Under Pope Pius V , the feast day on July 2nd was included in the general Roman calendar. Since July 2 after the Nativity of John the Baptist (June 24) is (exactly one day after the Octave of St. John's Eve), who moved conciliar liturgical reform the mid-1960s the festival on May 31 in front (up to then date the festival Mary Queen ), so that it can also be celebrated as the closing festival of the traditional month of Mary .
  2. ↑ Personnel of the world and religious clergy of the Archdiocese of Salzburg for 1957 ( Schematismus 1957), ed. from the Archbishop's Office in Salzburg 1957, p. 186.
  3. ^ Letter from the dean of Laufen, Georg Paris Ciurletti, of February 16, 1663; Austrian Art Topography 10 (ÖKT 10): The monuments of the political district of Salzburg , Vienna 1913, p. 395.
  4. ↑ a b Christian Art Centers Austria, No. 337, Verlag St.Peter, Salzburg 1999.
  5. ↑ Festschrift on the occasion of the altar consecration and the completion of the renovation work, Oberndorf, 1994.
  6. ↑ Who appears as organist and painter at Laufen and also carried out gilding work in the pilgrimage church in Arnsdorf . Compare: Austrian Art Topography 10 : The Monuments of the Political District of Salzburg, Vienna 1913, p. 378.
  7. ^ Gustav Gugitz : Austria's places of grace in cult and custom . A topographical handbook for religious folklore in five volumes, Vienna 1958, Volume 5, pp. 176f.
  8. ↑ The pilgrimage church of Our Lady of the Visitation Maria Bühel near Oberndorf ad Salzach, without editor, Salzburg 1999 (Austria's Christian Art Sites No. 337; 1st edition).
  9. ^ Austrian art topography 10 (ÖKT 10): The monuments of the political district of Salzburg , Vienna 1913, p. 404.
  10. ↑ * 14. May 1873 in Marktschorgast, Upper Franconia; † 14. December 1937 in Salzburg, Gnigl.
  11. ^ Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches of the Archdiocese of Salzburg . Dissertation University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, pp. 238–240.
  12. ↑ In the major octave the octave bass 8 'sounds.
  13. ↑ The Coppel 8 'sounds in the large octave.
  14. ^ Maria Bühel (State of Salzburg) full bell , accessed on May 17, 2014.
  15. ↑ Pilgrimage Church to Our Lady of the Visitation Maria Bühel near Oberndorf ad Salzach, without editor, Salzburg 1999 (Austria's Christian Art Sites No. 337; 1st edition), p. 2.

Coordinates: 47 ° 56 '59.1 "  N , 12 ° 55' 34.3"  E