Johann Michael Rottmayr
Johann Michael Rottmayr (baptized December 11, 1654 in Laufen an der Salzach ; † October 25, 1730 in Vienna ) was a Salzburg Baroque painter . Along with Martino Altomonte, he is the first master of this style from Central Europe in today's Austria .
Life
Johann Michael Rottmayr was the son of the organist Friedrich Rottmayr and his wife Margareta Magdalena Zehentner . He probably learned the craft of painting from his mother. In 1675 he moved to Venice , where he became a student of Johann Carl Loth ; under his influence he developed a mixed Venetian-Neapolitan style of painting. In 1688 he returned to his homeland via Passau, where he can be traced back to Salzburg in 1689 and became a prince-bishop's court painter. Among other things, he also worked here for the Counts Althan .
His first marriage was from 1690 to Helene Barbara Reichpekh from Salzburg. In 1696 Rottmayr moved from Salzburg to Vienna, where he worked until his death. In 1704 he received the Rosenbrunn title of nobility . From 1727 he was married to Theresia Josefa Nassner for the second time. After his death, Rottmayr was buried in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
Honors
In 1894 the Rottmayrgasse in Vienna- Meidling was named after the painter and in 1935 the street of the same name in Salzburg-Süd . The Rottmayrstraße and the Rottmayr-Gymnasium in his birthplace Laufen (Upper Bavaria) on the Salzach are also named after him .
meaning
Johann Michael Rottmayr was the most respected, busiest and probably the most important painter of the early Baroque in Austria today. He was mainly active in Salzburg , Vienna and in Lower Austrian monasteries. Rottmayr was increasingly influenced by Peter Paul Rubens and greatly appreciated by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach . His frescoes are characterized by expressive experience and a clear spatial concept. In his late work the color gamut became lighter and cooler.
Works
- around 1688: Franciscan monastery Salzburg , 2 canvas prints Annunciation .
- 1689: Franciscan monastery Salzburg, 4 scenes from the life of St. Francis.
- 1689: Salzburg , Residenz , Carabinierisaal: ceiling fresco with an allegorical representation of the four elements .
- 1690: Salzburg, parish church Mülln , northeast chapel, altarpiece, St. Nicholas of Myra in his vision of the Christ child.
- 1690: Salzburg, Winter Riding School (today Karl-Böhm-Saal of the Festspielhaus complex): ceiling fresco Türkenstechen (first meeting with Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach , who was designing the portal there at the same time).
- around 1691: Vienna, Belvedere Palace , Lower Belvedere, Baroque Gallery, sacrifice of Iphigenia
- 1691: Benedictine Abbey Michaelbeuern : High altar picture "Resurrection of Jesus Christ".
- around 1692: Franciscan monastery Salzburg , canvas painting Ecce homo .
- 1692: Salzburg, Erhardkirche , high altar picture , baptism of St. Ottilie through St. Erhard .
- around 1692: Vienna, Belvedere , Susanna and the two elders , oil on canvas, 118 × 169 cm.
- 1693: Passau, Sankt Stephan cathedral: Pauli conversion altar - conversion of Saul .
- 1695: Vranov nad Dyjí ( Frain ) castle ( Moravia ): Dome fresco of the ancestral hall of the Althans .
- 1695: Passau, St. Stephan Cathedral: Sebastianialtar - St. Irene looks after St. Sebastian .
- 1697: Tittmoning, Castle Chapel , Engelssturz.
- 1697: Salzburg, Dreifaltigkeitskirche: Dome fresco Coronation of Mary (It is noticeable that no sky blue is used: the illusion of a free space is dispensed with.)
- 1698: Vienna, Paulanerkirche , crucifixion picture for a side altar.
- 1698: Laufen, collegiate church Laufen , St. Lukas u. St. Cecilia.
- 1700: Vienna, parish church Maria Hietzing , proclamation of the birth of Mary to Joachim and Anna.
- 1700: Vienna, Maria Hietzing parish church , picture for the crucifixion altar.
- 1702: (today) Munich, Alte Pinakothek, St. Benno .
- 1703: Breslau , Jesuit Church , dome fresco.
- 1704: Marbach Castle (Ried in der Riedmark) , castle chapel, beheading of St. Catherine .
- 1706: Vienna, Palais Liechtenstein , frescoes in the basement: vestibule, sala terrena , summer apartments and stairwells.
- 1706–1708: Vienna, Palais Liechtenstein , allegories based on motifs from Greek mythology.
- 1706: (today) Vienna (Wien Museum), Kephalos and Prokris. , Oil painting, inv. No. 42.754.
- 1708: Vienna, St. Stephen's Cathedral , St. John's Altar.
- 1708: Salzburg, Kajetanerkirche , Holy Family.
- 1708: Salzburg, Johannsspitalkirche , martyrdom of St. Barbara.
- 1710: Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace , ceiling fresco (this major work was lost during the renovation of the palace in the 1740s).
- 1711: Salzburg, residence, fresco in the beautiful gallery. Here an illusionistic breakthrough in the ceiling is painted, but a cloud is drawn over the architectural edge.
- 1711–1712: Vienna, parish church Maria Hietzing , death of St. Joseph .
- 1714: Vienna, Peterskirche , dome fresco.
- 1715: Vienna, St. Stephen's Cathedral , altarpiece on the St. Francis altar.
- 1717/1718: Pommersfelden, Weißenstein Castle , Marble Hall, victory of the Schönborn virtues over vices .
- 1716–1722: Melk, collegiate church , in the nave the belt division of the church is used to structure the frescoes. A "Via Triumphalis" of the Benedictine order is shown .
- 1716–1722: Melk, collegiate church, altarpiece.
- 1722: Salzburg, Flachau parish church , Immaculata high altar sheet .
- 1723: Melk, collegiate church, adoration of the three kings .
- 1726–1729: Vienna, Karlskirche , dome fresco with subjects to St. Carlo Borromeo .
- 1727: Breitenfurt near Vienna, St. Josef Monastery , chapel, altarpiece St. Josef formerly in the Laimgrubenkirche .
- 1729: Klosterneuburg, collegiate church , choir ceiling fresco Admission of Mary to Heaven .
- 1730: Maria Lanzendorf pilgrimage church , choir ceiling fresco (largely lost; stab caps preserved).
- 1730: Pilgrimage church Maria Lanzendorf, main altarpiece Christ on the Mount of Olives .
- 1730: Pilgrimage church Maria Lanzendorf, side altar picture stigmatization of St. Francis of Assisi .
- 1730: Pilgrimage church Maria Lanzendorf, side altar picture stigmatization of St. Antonius .
- 1730: Court chapel of Hilleprand Castle of Prandau (Valpovo, Croatia), main altarpiece, mercy seat (Rottmayr and workshop), in the Museum of Fine Arts (Osijek, Croatia).
- after 1700: Heiligenkreuz , altarpiece of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
u. a.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Rottmayr von Rosenbrunn, Johann Michael . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 27th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1874, pp. 171–174 ( digitized version ).
- Albert Ilg : Rottmayr von Rosenbrunn, Johann Michael . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 29, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 402-404.
- Hilde Schüller : Rottmayr, Johann Michael . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 29 : Rosa – Scheffauer . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1935, p. 103-105 .
- Erich Hubala : Johann Michael Rottmayr. Herold, Vienna et al. 1981, ISBN 3-7008-0211-0 ( Great Masters, Epochs and Topics of Austrian Art. Baroque ).
- Walter Brugger : Johann Michael Rottmayr (= Small Pannonia series 136). Pannonia, Freilassing 1989, ISBN 3-7897-0136-X
- Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 4. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1995.
- Peter Prange: Rottmayr von Rosenbrunn, Johann Michael. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 147 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Johann Michael Rottmayr in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Johann Michael Rottmayr in the German Digital Library
- Search for Johann Michael Rottmayr in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
- Entry on Johann Michael Rottmayr in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Works by Johann Michael Rottmayr in: Digitales Belvedere
Individual evidence
- ^ Who appears to be running as an organist and painter and z. B. also carried out gilding work in the pilgrimage church in Arnsdorf . Compare: Austrian Art Topography , 10: The monuments of the political district of Salzburg. Vienna 1913, p. 378.
- ↑ G. Megerle: J. Austrian Adelslexikon. Vienna 1822, 1824, p. 429 .
- ↑ "The altarpiece presents the holy Erhard Bishop of Regensburg, as he baptizes the pagan princess Ottilia." Lorenz Hübner : Das Nonnthal. In: Description of the prince-archbishop's capital and residence city of Salzburg and its areas combined with its oldest history. First volume. Topography. With 2 copper plates. In the publisher of the author ( printed by FX Oberer ), Salzburg 1792, p. 414f.
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Rottmayr, Johann Michael |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian baroque painter |
DATE OF BIRTH | baptized December 11, 1656 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Running on the Salzach |
DATE OF DEATH | October 25, 1730 |
Place of death | Vienna |