Willow-leaved valerian

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Willow-leaved valerian
Valeriana saliunca

Valeriana saliunca

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Cardigans (Dipsacales)
Family : Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae)
Subfamily : Valerian family (Valerianoideae)
Genre : Valerian ( Valeriana )
Type : Willow-leaved valerian
Scientific name
Valeriana saliunca
Alles.

The Willowleaf valerian ( Valeriana saliunca ) or rock debris Valerian is a plant species of the subfamily of the valerian plants (Valerianoideae) in the family of Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae).

description

Appearance and foliage leaf

The willow-leaved valerian grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 2 to 15 centimeters. The short, woody basic axis is branched in many ways and has a stocky taproot . The aboveground parts of this fragrant plant are bare. There are several unbranched stems .

The leaves are always stalked basal leaves arranged in a basal rosette and sometimes also sessile, oppositely arranged stem leaves. The simple and entire leaf blades of the basal leaves are spatulate, inverted-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate . The stem leaves are absent or have simple, rarely tripartite, lanceolate or linear and entire leaf blades in a pair and rarely in two pairs. Stipules are missing.

Inflorescence, flower and fruit

The flowering time is in July and August. The flowers are in more or less simple, dense zymous inflorescences .

The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused and end in five calyx teeth, which are rolled up in the flower and expand to a hairy, cardboard-like corona as the fruit ripens . The five pink petals are fused into a funnel-shaped, deep pink corolla tube that protrudes slightly at the base and ends in five unequal corolla lobes. There are three stamens . Three carpels have become an under-earth, dreikammerigen ovary grown, of which only one chamber is fertile. A single stylus ends in a three-part scar .

With a diameter of 5 to 6 millimeters thick, the bubble-shaped fruit is a nut fruit .

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Occurrence, hazard and protection

The willow-leaved valerian is found in the Alps, with a focus on the western Alps and the central Apennines . It includes France, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. It colonizes crevices and stony grasslands at altitudes of 1800 to 2700 meters.

It occurs rarely in the Austrian North Tyrol and in the Italian South Tyrol and is considered to be potentially endangered in Austria. The Swiss stocks are rated as endangered. In France , the willow-leaved valerian is listed as a protected species.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Valeriana saliunca was in 1785 by Carlo Allioni .

literature

  • DJ Ockendon: Valeriana. In TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 52–55 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search). ( Valeriana - description and key to Valeriana saliunca - in the unchanged reprint from 2010 ( ISBN 978-0-521-15367-6 ))

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Valeriana saliunca. In: Info Flora - The national data and information center for Swiss flora. Retrieved May 6, 2015 . with hazard information and common names .
  2. ↑ a b Benoît Bock: Valeriana saliunca. (PDF; 172.84 kB) In: Base de Données Nomenclaturale de la Flore de France. BDNFF v4.02. Association Tela Botanica. Institut de Botanique, accessed April 16, 2012 (French).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 807-809 (key to and description of Valeriana and Valeriana saliunca ).
  4. ^ E. von Raab-Straube & T. Henning (2017+): Valerianaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Valerianaceae
  5. ^ Carlo Allioni : Flora Pedemontana sive Enumeratio Methodica Stirpium Indigenarum Pedemontii. Volume 1, Johannes Michael Briolus, Turin 1785 p. 3 , plate 70, figure 1 .
  6. ↑ Valeriana saliunca. In: IPNI - The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved May 6, 2015 .
  7. ↑ Willow-leaved valerian. In: FloraWeb.de. Retrieved April 17, 2012.

Web links

  • Valeriana saliunca All. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  • Willow Valerian. In: Botanik im Bild / Flora of Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. Natural History Museum Vienna, accessed on April 16, 2012 (Wild Plants Austria - picture database).