Wilhelm Bacher

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Wilhelm Benjamin Se'ew Bacher (born January 12, 1850 in Lipto-Szent-Miklós , Liptov County , † December 25, 1913 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian Jewish scholar.

Life

Wilhelm Bacher was a descendant of Ja'ir Chajim Bacharach and son of the Hebrew poet and translator of Lessing's " Nathan ", Simon Bacher . After completing his studies in Budapest and Breslau (teachers there including Frankel and Graetz , doctorate in 1870 in Leipzig ), Bacher became rabbi in Szegedin in 1876 , but already in 1877 he accepted the call to professor of biblical sciences (in the subjects: Explanation of the Scriptures, Hebrew Linguistics, Aggada ) to the newly founded National Rabbinical School in Budapest, where he worked as a teacher for 36 years and most recently as director until his death.

Bacher mastered a large number of oriental languages, especially Persian and its literature (Prof. Vambery was his first teacher in this field). He is considered "one of the most versatile and fruitful Jewish scholars at the turn of the century, pioneering in Haggadah and tradition research".

Publications

Bacher wrote 45 extensive works and more than 750 scientific papers in German, Hebrew, French, Hungarian, English and Italian and published since 1869 in nearly fifty magazines and daily papers. He was the editor of numerous Jewish-Arabic (especially Ibn Dschanach ) and Jewish-Persian works, also directed the translation of the Old Testament into Hungarian from 1898–1908 (four volumes on behalf of the Jewish-literary association Izraelita Magyar Irodalmi Társulat); he was also the editor and sole reviser of the 12-volume Jewish Encyclopedia published in New York.

His most important scientific works include:

  • The Agada of the Babylonian Amorae , 1878
  • The Agada of the Tannaites , 2 vols., 1884–1890
  • The Agada of the Palestinian Amorae , 3 vols., 1892–1899 (his main work, on which he had worked for 25 years)
  • The exegetical terminology of traditional Jewish literature , 2 parts, 1899–1905
  • Tradition and Tradents in the Schools of Palestine and Babylonia. Studies and materials on the genesis of the Talmud , 1914 posthumously published. by Ludwig Blau

Other works by Bacher include:

  • Nizami's life and works (dissertation, 1870)
  • Bible and Biblical History among the Mohammedans , 1878
  • Sadi's aphorisms and epigrams , 1878
  • Abraham Ibn Esra as a grammarian , 1882
  • Jehuda Chajug , 1882
  • Editor of the Hungarian-Jewish Review ( Magyar Zsido Szemle , 1884–1890, together with J. Banoczi)
  • Life and works of Abulwalid , Leipzig 1885
  • Sepher sikkaron. Grammar of the Hebrew language by Josef Kimchi , published for the first time , Berlin 1888
  • Kitab al Luma (Hebrew grammar of Abulwalid in the Arabic original, jointly edited with J. Dernbourg), Paris 1888
  • The biblical exegesis of the Jewish religious philosophers of the Middle Ages before Maimuni , Strasbourg 1892
  • Hebrew Linguistics from the 10th to the 16th Century , Trier 1892
  • The Jewish Bible Exegesis from the 10th to the 15th Century , Trier 1892
  • Sepher haskhorashim. Root dictionary of the Hebrew language by Abulwalid Ibn Ganach , 3 parts, Berlin 1893–1896
  • The Bible Exegesis of Moses Maimuni , 1896
  • The oldest terminology in the Jewish interpretation of scriptures. A dictionary of the biblical exegetical language of the Tannaïtes , Leipzig 1899
  • Hebrew-Persian dictionary from the 14th century , Strasbourg 1900
  • The Hebrew and Arabic Poetry of the Jews in [sic] Yemen , Budapest 1910
  • The Proömien of the old Jewish homily , Leipzig 1913
  • Rabbanan, the scholars of the traditions (posthumously 1914, ed. Ludwig Blau)

literature

  • Ludwig Blau: Life and Works of Wilhelm Bachers , Frankfurt am Main 1910 (Hungarian)
  • J. Tuesday: [ Wilhelm Bacher as Maimonides researcher ], in: Sinai 56 / 1-2 (1965), pp. 65–82 (Hebrew)
  • Aron Dotan: "Wilhelm Bacher, Linguist", in: Moshe Carmilly-Weinberger (ed.): The Rabbinical Seminary of Budapest, 1877–1977 : A Centennial Volume. New York: Sepher-Hermon Press, for Alumni Association of the Rabbinical Seminary of Budapest 1986, pp. 255-264.
  • Aron Dotan: Wilhelm Bacher's place in the history of Hebrew linguistics , in: Historiographia Linguistica 4 (1977), pp. 135-157.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  BACHER, Wilhelm. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 324.  ( Article / beginning of article in the Internet archive )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Bacher ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: The Truth , No. 1/1914, January 2, 1914, Vienna 1914, ZDB -ID 2176231-4 , p. 7 f. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.compactmemory.de
  2. ↑ Bautz, lc
  3. ^ The bibliographies by Ludwig Blau ( bibliography of the writings of Wilhelm Bachers , Frankfurt 1910) and D. Friedmann (supplements 1910-14, Frankfurt 1928) comprise a total of 751 titles.
personal data
SURNAME Bacher, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bacher, Wilhelm Benjamin Se'ew (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian Jewish scholar
DATE OF BIRTH January 12, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Lipto-Szent-Miklós , Liptov county
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1913
Place of death Budapest