Wilhelm Schreuer
Wilhelm Schreuer (born September 28, 1866 in Wesel , † November 11, 1933 in Düsseldorf ) was a German painter of the Düsseldorf School .
Life
Schreuer was born in 1866 as the son of a master baker in Wesel on the Lower Rhine . Shortly before he started school in 1872, his parents moved to Cologne on Thieboldsgasse (“Deepejass”) near Neumarkt. His father Johann Heinrich Schreuer, who had bought a bakery, drew and watercolored architecture and church motifs in Cologne in his free time. Since his son Wilhelm developed an interest and talent for drawing at an early age, the father encouraged this talent. After completing the Obersekunda (secondary school leaving certificate), Schreuer was admitted to the Düsseldorf Art Academy in 1884 . The history and decorative painter Heinrich Lauenstein (1835–1910) and the portrait and open-air painter Hugo Crola (1841–1910) taught in the elementary classes . The academy was headed by the history painter Peter Janssen (1844–1908), whose master class with a studio in the academy Wilhelm Schreuer was from 1886 to 1890. In May 1899 the painter married Maria Pauly (1874–1955), a daughter of the art dealer Leo Pauly. Between 1900 and 1917 her five sons and five daughters were born. Schreuer added children to many genre pictures, reminding one a little of Heinrich Zille's little big city heroes. Schreuer painted children casually, following their natural urge to move and sometimes with a defiant and bored expression between adults in the salon. From 1896 he was an active member of the artists' association Malkasten . The artistic success soon became apparent, as good reviews of his works at exhibitions show. His most important sponsor was Eduard Schulte , who, after opening a branch in Berlin, made Schreuer's work known on the Spree for many years. In 1913 the Hamburger Kunstverein showed representative works from four German cities; in addition to Berlin and Hamburg, Munich was represented by Julius Hess and Düsseldorf by Wilhelm Schreuer. The artist was given the opportunity to expand his wide range of topics: pictures from the Rhine near Cologne, memories from Italy and Upper Bavaria, orchestral and rococo scenes as well as Dutch motifs. Schreuer was also represented at the major international art exhibitions in Düsseldorf and Cologne well into the 1920s with works such as B. The Prussian King Friedrich II. (1902), Goethe at Jacobi in Düsseldorf (1903), Hof (1920) and 1924 with the works: Farm , Am Fährhaus , Magdalena , and Platform 9 . In 1906 the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne bought the painting Rosenmontag in Cologne (at that time under the title Cölner Karneval ), which can now be seen in the city museum.
During the First World War , Schreuer worked as a painting war correspondent on the fronts in France and Belgium. After Schreuer's death in 1933, a commemorative exhibition was held in the Kunstverein for the Rhineland and Westphalia in 1934 .
Painting technique
Characteristic of Wilhelm Schreuer's paintings is his glazed painting style with diluted paints on a wet ground, which was mostly applied to glued paper. This painting technique requires a high level of skill, since major corrections are almost impossible, as well as a quick way of working, because after about three days the painting surface has dried so much that further painting in the ground is impossible. All of this means that Schreuer's paintings have practically no relief, so their surface is almost mirror-smooth, but at the same time the artist's individual brushwork remains visible. Another characteristic of Wilhelm Schreuer's art is the subdued coloring, which is often limited to predominantly tonal color values. As a result, many of his pictures appear almost monochrome or grisaille- like and, together with their delicate lighting, often remind the viewer of Flemish old masters .
Motifs
The painter's choice of motifs includes many music, dance and ball scenes, motifs from Düsseldorf inns as well as street scenes and depictions of the Rhine, which is animated by ships or boats . A large number of depictions of military exercises and maneuvers are also from his hand. His history paintings with a regional reference, such as the masterpiece Napoleon's Entry on Ratinger Strasse in Düsseldorf in 1811 and similar subjects , are particularly valued today .
Paintings by this important and popular representative of the Düsseldorf School of Painting can be found in numerous museums and are regularly traded mainly at German auctions and galleries . The artist has so far been denied international recognition.
literature
- Schreuer, Wilhelm . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 30 : Scheffel – Siemerding . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1936, p. 286 .
- Wilhelm Schreuer . In: paintings by old and modern masters, antique furniture, antiques, sculptures, oriental carpets - from various possessions . Math. Lempertz, Cologne 1937, p. 22 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive , Textarchiv - Internet Archive - illustration in the auction catalog: house concert on panel 68).
- OW Höllig, Wilhelm Körs: Wilhelm Schreuer. A Düsseldorf painter of the good old days. Stern-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1997, ISBN 3-87784-035-3 .
- Hans Paffrath (Ed.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorf School of Painting 1819–1918. Volume 3: Nabert-Zwecker. Published by the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf in the Ehrenhof and by the Paffrath Gallery. Bruckmann, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7654-3011-0 .
- Silke Köhn: Wilhelm Schreuer (1866 Wesel – 1933 Düsseldorf). In: Collector Journal , December 2006, pp. 62–69.
Web links
- Literature by and about Wilhelm Schreuer in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Schreuer . In: Directory of the paintings in the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in the city of Cologne . Das Museum, Darmstadt 1910, p. 319 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- ^ Gustav Sacrifice : Wilhelm Schreuer's War Pictures. In: Art for All . 30th year (1914–1915), issue 11/12 (March 1, 1915), p. 230 ff. ( Uni-heidelberg.de ).
- ^ Wilhelm Schäfer : Two Düsseldorf painters (Andreas Dirks and Wilhelm Schreuer). In: The Rhineland . Issue 3, 1900, pp. 16-26 ( uni-heidelberg.de ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schreuer, Wilhelm |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 28, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wesel |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 11, 1933 |
| Place of death | Dusseldorf |