Aleksandrów Łódzki

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Aleksandrów Łódzki
Coat of arms of Aleksandrów Łódzki
Aleksandrów Łódzki (Poland)
Aleksandrów Łódzki
Aleksandrów Łódzki
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Łódź
Powiat : Zgierski
Gmina : Aleksandrów Łódzki
Area : 13.50  km²
Geographic location : 51 ° 49 ′  N , 19 ° 18 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 49 ′ 0 ″  N , 19 ° 18 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 206 m npm
Residents : 21,717 (June 30, 2019)
Postal code : 95-069 to 95-070
Telephone code : (+48) 42
License plate : EZG
Economy and Transport
Street : Łódź - Poznan
Next international airport : Łódź-Lublinek



Aleksandrów Łódzki ( [alɛˈksandruf ˈwuʦci] ? / I ) is a city in the Łódź Voivodeship in Poland . The city with 21,717 inhabitants is the seat of the city-and-country municipality of the same name with 32,128 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019). Audio file / audio sample

history

The first human settlement in the area of ​​today's Aleksandrów Łódzki dates back to 6500 BC. Traces of a camp were found not far from the village of Rąbień , a part of the Aleksandrów Łódzki commune.

Around 1782 the first settlers arrived on the property of the landlord Rafał Bratoszewski , a member of the Szlachta . Around 1816, Bratoszewski founded a new settlement south of the village, the original cell of the later town. He had a market and a few streets built. This settlement received its town charter on March 22, 1822 with the name Aleksandrów , in honor of the Russian Tsar Alexander I , under whose rule the area was then. At that time, 3,086 people lived in the city, mainly immigrant Swabian weavers of Evangelical-Augsburg faith, whose first pastor was Friedrich Georg Tuve from 1801 to 1830 . In addition, however, Poles, predominantly Catholic , and Jews also settled .

In 1824 the town hall was built in the classical style . On December 6th of the same year, the founder of the town, Rafał Bratoszewski, died . His burial took place in the Church of Aleksandrów. In 1825 the city received a special honor when Tsar Alexander I visited the city. In 1828 a new, stone Protestant church was built. The residents and their mayor Gedeon Goedel supported the November uprising of 1830/31 by producing bandages and uniforms. They also sent craftsmen and a doctor to Warsaw.

During the January uprising of 1863/64, troops of the rebels, among which were also residents of the city, reached the place. Due to a Russian decree, the city, which was experiencing a period of economic decline, lost its town charter on June 1, 1869. The place was affiliated with the municipality of Brużyca Wielka . In 1888 Juliusz Paschke built the first mechanical stocking factory in the town . In the following time a large number of such factories were built.

In 1903 the volunteer fire brigade and the first Polish cultural association for singing Lutnia were founded. Seven years later the electric tram connection to Łódź was established. The population increased steadily and reached 8,236 inhabitants in 1921, of which 1/3 were Poles, Germans and Jews. In 1924, Aleksandrów was given city rights again and Łódzki was used as a name addition instead of Łęczycki or Fabryczny as before .

On September 7, 1939, the Wehrmacht marched into the city. From November 9, 1939 to 1945, Aleksandrów was part of the German Reichsgau Wartheland and belonged to the new Litzmannstadt district . The deportation of the Jews, who made up a large part of the city's population, to the Generalgouvernement began on December 7, 1939. Almost all Jews were murdered. The German name initially fluctuated between Alexanderhof and Alexandrow . In 1943, the name Wirkheim, which was valid until 1945, was set in view of the city's textile past . The synagogue was destroyed and Polish schools were closed.

On January 17, 1945, Aleksandrów Łódzki was captured by the Red Army . In the following two years of the post-war period, the German residents were expelled from the city. The city itself lost another part of its population and for the first time in its history had an ethnically homogeneous population. After the war, the rebuilding of the depopulated city began. The stocking factories in particular experienced an upswing and became leaders in Poland. The infrastructure was supplemented from 1951 to 1953 with the local airport, which was in operation until the fire in 1961. But the cultural situation also improved. New schools, grammar schools and a cultural center for young people were opened and in 1979 a local homeland association was launched. In the early 1990s, the tram connection to Łódź was closed.

Population development

year 1820 1870 1881 1901 1921 1939 1946 2000 2013
population 1,083 3,958 5,890 7,532 8,236 13,423 6,926 20,272 21,245

Culture and sights

Buildings

Church of Saint Rafael and the Archangel Michael
  • The Church of St. Rafael and the Archangel Michael was built from 1816 to 1818 and later rebuilt several times. In 1922–1926 two aisles were added, 1833–1935 two towers and, in recent years, a new part of the building called the New Church . The founder and namesake of the town, Rafał Bratoszewski, is buried under the church .
  • The Protestant church was built in 1828, at a time when the majority of the population belonged to this denomination. However, the church is now only a ruin. On the front there are, among other things, reliefs of the goddess of victory Nike , angels and evangelical symbols. There are efforts to rebuild the church.
  • The town hall was built in 1824 when Gedeon Goedel was mayor of the town. At the front of the building is a relief of the goddess of justice and order Themis , symbolizing the judicial activities that used to be held in the town hall.
  • The library building was built in 1848 and was originally the home of the pastor of the Protestant church.
  • The city's cemetery is home to the grave of Friedrich Georg Tuve , a Protestant pastor who died in 1830. This grave is the oldest in the cemetery.
  • Weavers' houses from the first half of the 19th century can be found all over the city. They are single-storey wooden houses that used to house the workshops of the first inhabitants of the village in addition to the living quarters.
  • The Villa and factory Albert Stiller is in the Wojska Polskiego Street 31. At the time of its establishment in 1908, the factory was one of the largest and most modern of the city.
  • The stocking factory of Adolf Greilich ( "AGA - Adolf Greilich Aleksandrov," 1922 "Adolf Greil ego heirs") is located in the street Lentschützer 1 / Łęczyckiej one directly opposite the Evangelical Church of the ring. Founded in 1893, it was the first mechanically operated factory on site, in 1926 it was the first to use modern flat stocking machines, it received various prizes and awards, and had agents in Petersburg, Moscow, Tomsk, Riga, Kharkov, Rostov, Kiev and Odessa and eventually grew into the largest hosiery manufacturer in Poland in the 1930s. Today the building houses a vocational school. Production was resumed after the war as the “Mechanical Stocking Factory Greilich OHG” in the Nuremberg area.

Parks

Sports

In the city there is a modern sports hall and a modern swimming pool called Olimpijczyk . In the swimming pool there is a pool with a base area of ​​25 m × 12.5 m and a depth of 1.20 to 1.80 m. The facility also offers a children's pool, a large outdoor slide, a whirlpool , sauna and solarium.

  • The football club SOKÓŁ - Syguła Aleksandrów Łódzki was founded in July 1998.
  • MULKS Aleksandrów is a football club for children.
  • MKS Aleksandrów is an athletics club.

local community

The town itself and 22 villages with school administration offices belong to the town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Aleksandrów Łódzki. about 153 km²

economy

56 hectares of the municipality are part of the Łódź Special Economic Zone with tax benefits for investors. The city has 2,623 registered companies. 38% of them in the textile industry, 24% in trade, 5% in vehicle mechanics and transport. Other companies are active in the construction industry, electromechanics and shoemaking.

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Aleksandrów Łódzki  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Literature and other sources

  • Alwina Stremler: From the chronicle of the Tuve family, written around 1840 , in: Zeitschrift des Heimatbund Mecklenburg 32 (1937), H. 1 P. 10-18.
  • Adolf Kargel ; Arthur Schmidt: Alexandrow, a center of the Germans in the industrial area Lodz . Publisher: Heimatkreisgemeinschaft der Deutschen aus der Lodzer Industriegebiet eV, Mönchengladbach (1980).
  • Eduard Kneifel : The pastors of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland. (Self-published in Munich; online PDF, 31.1 MB).
  • Edmund Holtz: Hundred years of divine grace and loyalty to the evang.-luth. Alexandrov Parish . Lodz 1901.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Source for population for 1820 to 2000: Website of the University of Łódź, Warsztat historyka - Ludność Aleksandrowa w XIX-XX wieku , accessed on July 8, 2014.
  2. ↑ Stan i Struktura ludnośći oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2013 r. Stan w dniu 31 XII ( memento of October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 8, 2014.
  3. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Investment offer for the special economic zone (PDF, p. 2).@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / lsse.home.pl