Pauline colliery
| Pauline colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 Tunnel mouth hole of the colliery |
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| other names | Pörtingsiepen colliery IV | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 22 '27.8 " N , 6 ° 59' 54.2" E | ||
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| Location | Werden-Heidhausen | ||
| local community | eat | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | eat | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Pauline colliery is a former hard coal mine in Essen-Werden- Heidhausen. The mine was located in a small side valley of the Ruhr . The mine was also called Pauliner Erbstolln until the middle of the 19th century , and around 1894 the mine was renamed the Pörtingsiepen IV colliery . Evidence shows that this area was already being mined in the 18th century . The actual operation as a mine initially began as a tunnel . The Pauline colliery union was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westfälischen Kohlen-Syndikat .
history
The time as a Pauliner Erbstolln
The Pauline Erbstolln, also under the name Pauline Erbstolln or Pauliner Erbstollen known was as Berechtsame the abbot of becoming invested . However, the dimensions of legitimacy were not precisely defined. Later, the then loaned took over the mining rights. The name Pauliner Erbstollen led the mine since the year 1822. On March 27, 1833 took place the ceremony of Erbstollenrechts . Then the excavation of the tunnel began. The tunnel mouth hole was located in the Pfefferbachtal below the confluence of the Pauline / In der Borbeck road. The tunnel was planned to drain the pit water from the neighboring mines. The tunnel construction took place on the left bank of the Ruhr . From 1834 three miners started driving south. As the coal reserves above the bottom of the Erbstollen were almost depleted in 1837, further driving was of little use. In 1838 one was tonnlägiger shaft to the tunnel floor with a seigeren depth of 50 meters geteuft . In September 1842 the name was changed to Zeche Pauline.
Operation as Pauline colliery
Even after the renaming, the tunnel construction continued. In 1842 a cross passage was driven south. From 1842 to 1852 the mine was no longer listed in the mining authority archives . From 1853 onwards there was renewed dismantling. Starting in 1854, the tunnel was driven again, which was then discontinued in 1857. From 1860 new tunnel construction. A year later, four seams were being mined. As of April 1879, the coal reserves above the bottom of the tunnel were depleted and the mine was set within deadlines . In order to continue to mine coal, the mine had to switch to civil engineering . From 1880 the transition to civil engineering took place , in the same year the devastation began for the Dorothea production shaft and the Fritz pump shaft, which takes several tons. The Fritz pump shaft had a shallow depth of 295 meters. The bottom of the weather was in a shallower depth of 50 meters. A year later, funding began in civil engineering. The coal was extracted via the shaft to the bottom of the tunnel and from the tunnel to the surface. From there the coals were transported to Werden train station by cable car. In addition, the closed Ilandsbraut colliery was taken over in 1881 . In 1885, the reduction was on the third floor in a seigeren depth of 228 meters. In 1891 the Fritz pump shaft was converted into a delivery shaft. In 1892 a delivery shaft, a drainage shaft and two weather shafts, thus a total of four shafts, were in operation. The beneficiaries included the length fields of the Pauline and Ilandsbraut collieries and the United Bride colliery, which was taken over in 1892 . In 1894 the shafts were sunk deeper and the fourth level was set at 450 meters. In 1897 two length fields were newly acquired, the authorized ones had a size of 6 km 2 . In 1899 a fire broke out in the coal washing plant .
In 1900 four shafts were still in operation, the United Bride colliery has now been completely taken over. The Pauline colliery was taken over by the Rheinische Antracit coal works in the same year. However, the Pauline colliery continued to operate independently. The beneficiaries comprised three length fields of the Pauline colliery and twelve length fields of the Gustav, Der Lange Fritz, Friederica ins Westen, Hugo, Eberhard, Ilandsbraut, groom, united bride, bride in Fleckessiepen , honesty , jacket and hope . In addition, the square fields spill mountain and Kate. In addition, the mine owners owned the Kuxenmajorität of the collieries Bornerkamp, Ludwig ins Weste, (Veste) Hope and Porthof, as well as holdings in other entitled parties. In 1905 a weather shaft was thrown down and three days of flooding was created. A year later, a Seigerer weather shaft was sunk for the authorized United Bride instead of the ton-long shaft there. The day facilities on United Bride were demolished that same year. In 1909 the Preutenborbecksiepen field was opened up. On October 1 of the same year, a briquette factory went into operation at the loading point at Werden train station . The briquette factory was connected to the mine by means of a cable car. The briquette factory was closed again the following year. At the mine, the Dorothea and Fritz shafts, which took several tons, were still in operation. In 1913 the second weather shaft was abandoned; the only one that was still in operation was the Fritz shaft. In 1916 the mine was closed due to exhaustion of coal supplies.
Promotion and workforce
Good brick coal, which was very lumpy, was extracted from the mine. The first production figures come from 1838, in that year 1,374 tons of Prussian hard coal were produced . In 1840 the production increased to 2,354 Prussian tons. In 1842 the production sank to 52 Prussian tons. In 1858, 59 miners were employed at the colliery . In 1861, with 50 employees, 43,932 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In 1867, with 39 employees, 158,598 bushels , that is 7,930 tons of coal, were mined. In 1870 the workforce rose to 41, and production fell to 5,976 tons. In 1876 the production fell again to 4,092 tons, the workforce dropped to 23 employees. In 1881 1,893 tons of coal were mined with 40 employees.
In 1885, 18,000 tons of hard coal were mined. The workforce this year was 139 employees. In 1890 a total of 77,651 tons were extracted with 285 employees. In 1895 the workforce rose to 295, and production also rose to 83,794 tons. In 1900, with 305 employees, 87,445 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1905 the workforce rose to 321 employees, production rose to 89,928 tons. In 1909 the workforce sank to 292 employees, but this year the mine produced the maximum output of 99,119 tons. A year later, the production sank to around 93,000 tons, the workforce with 295 employees was slightly higher than in the previous year. In 1913 production fell again to 92,900 tons, the workforce dropped to 291 employees. The last figures are known from 1915, with 210 employees 77,279 tons of hard coal were mined.
Current condition
The chimney building and the foundations of the chimney are still preserved from the Pauline colliery . There are also parts of a conveyor shaft. At the upper end of the street In der Borbeck , the tunnel mouth hole is still there; it is located directly above the confluence of the Kutschenweg .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b c Wolfgang Wegener: The early mining in the 18th and in the 1st half of the 19th century . In: Working group for genetic settlement research in Central Europe: settlement research archeology - history - geography. No. 16, Verlag Siedlungsforschung, Bonn 1998, ISSN 0175-0046 , pp. 12-15
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ^ Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957.
- ^ A b c d e Karlheinz Rabas, Karl Albert Rubacht: Mining historical atlas for the city of Essen. 1st edition, Regio Verlag, Werne 2008, ISBN 978-3-929158-22-9 .
- ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Stollenmundloch von Pauline (accessed on April 25, 2013)
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Pauline (accessed on April 25, 2013)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed April 25, 2013)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed April 25, 2013)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: map of the area (accessed on April 25, 2013)
- Pauline colliery (accessed April 25, 2013)