Drawing (architecture)
An architect's drawing (also design drawing or presentation drawing ) is a form of architectural representation . The architect uses these drawings and sketches to develop, articulate and finally present his ideas. The performance of the developed building are architectural drawings made.
Content and purpose
The architect's drawing is not bound by any formal rules or conventions. Rather, it is important with this type of drawing to present the underlying idea as concisely as possible. The same object can be represented in many different ways (e.g. in architectural competitions ), no form of representation is more “correct”.
The design is traditionally presented in plan , elevation or views and sections (see three-panel projection ). There are also perspectives or isometrics , i.e. three-dimensional representations and details . The usual scale is between 1: 5000 - 1: 500 for site and site plans up to 1: 100 for floor plans and sections. The dimensioning plays a subordinate role, since it depends on the idea, not on precise dimensions. The analytique is also a way of representing designs and buildings.
In addition to the legible or understandable description of the immediate usability of the object, the content of the drawing is often also the aesthetic representation in order to convince potential builders , investors or the jury of the artistic uniqueness of the design in a competition. So it happens that some drawings go as far as artistic-abstract. Zaha Hadid's drawings are an example of this exaggeration of aesthetics.
Application area
Architectural drawings are used during studies, at work meetings within working groups and offices, at presentations to builders , investors , decision-making bodies of all kinds; they are submitted as part of building permit procedures and competitions.
Creation
First ideas are developed in the form of sketches . Once a certain stage of development has been reached, the idea is recorded in drawings or collages. Up until the end of the 20th century , this was done with pencil and ink on paper. Since many drawings were drawn freehand and the lines were easily blurred as a result, people sometimes talked about trembling graphics . Then the drawings were further developed with certain hatching techniques , colored pencils ( colored pencils , copic pens ) or colored or patterned adhesive films. Multi-layer collage techniques with transparent, colored or glued foils were also used.
Since the 1990s, CAD technology has become more and more important. Most architects create their drawings mostly digitally on the computer. The digital data are printed in color or monochrome using a plotter (inkjet or laser process). An alternative is the presentation using a video projector .
