Dwarf balls

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Dwarf balls
Herber dwarf ball (Panellus stipticus)

Herber dwarf ball ( Panellus stipticus )

Systematics
Subdivision : Agaricomycotina
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Helmling relatives (Mycenaceae)
Genre : Dwarf balls
Scientific name
Panellus
P. Karst.

The dwarf balls ( Panellus ) are a group of mostly smaller mushrooms from the family of the Helmling relatives , which look habitually similar to the wood-dwelling mushrooms . Sometimes they are also referred to as the representatives of the genus Sarcomyxa as "oyster mushrooms". Bollmann, Gminder and Reil assign the name "Zwergknäuelinge" to the genus Panellus and use "mussel oyster mushrooms" exclusively for Sarcomyxa .

features

Macroscopic features

The species of the genus are mostly small, wood-dwelling, shell-shaped mushrooms with a lateral or missing stem . The top of the hat is often felty, but it can also be smooth. The lamellar edges are whole and not sawed or toothed. The spore powder is white to yellowish.

The strong bioluminescence that occurs only in North American strains of the bitter dwarf ball ( P. stipticus ) is remarkable : Both the fungal network and the fruiting bodies have an intense greenish glow.

Microscopic features

The spores are relatively small, cylindrically shaped, and amyloid ; H. Can be colored with iodine solution .

species

Worldwide the genus comprises approx. 15 species, of which 4 occur or are to be expected in Europe.

German name Scientific name Author quote
Mild dwarf ball Panellus mitis (Persoon 1796: Fries 1821) Singer 1936
Bell-shaped dwarf ball Panellus wrestling (Frieze 1828: Frieze 1828) Romagnesi 1945
Herber dwarf ball Panellus stipticus (Bulliard 1783: Fries 1821) P. Karsten 1879
Purple-leaved oyster mushrooms Panellus violaceofulvus (Batsch 1783: Fries 1821) Singer 1937

Some authors also put the following species on Panellus:

Meaning / etymology

The scientific name of the genus “panellus” comes from Latin and is the diminutive of “panus” (= tuft) and refers to the small, tufted fruiting bodies growing on wood.

literature

  • German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .
  • Egon Horak : Bolete and agaric mushrooms in Europe . In: Small cryptogam flora . 6th completely revised edition. Elsevier - Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Munich 2005.
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
  • Frieder Gröger: Identification key for agaric mushrooms and boletus in Europe. Part I . In: Regensburger Mykologische Schriften 13 . Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft, 2006, ISSN  0944-2820 (master key; generic key; species key for Röhrlinge and relatives, wax leafs, light-leaved mushrooms, light-leaved ones and red blooms).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. tape 2 . Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X (directory of the color images of almost all European large mushrooms (> 5 mm) incl. CD with over 600 species descriptions).
  2. ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 .
  3. ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Panellus . In: Fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. February 15, 2010, archived from the original on January 24, 2013 ; accessed on August 30, 2012 (including update no.82).
  4. ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names . 3. Edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , pp. 454 .

Web links

Commons : panellus ( Panellus )  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files