A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge and River Oaks, Houston: Difference between pages

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[[Image:RiverOaksCountryClub.JPG|thumb|[[River Oaks Country Club]]]]
{{Infobox Film
:''"River Oaks" redirects here. For the city in Tarrant County, see [[River Oaks, Texas]]''.
| name = A Nightmare on Elm Street Part 2: Freddy's Revenge
'''River Oaks''' is an affluent community located in the geographic center of [[Houston, Texas|Houston]], [[Texas]], United States. Located within the [[610 Loop]] and halfway between [[Downtown Houston|Downtown]] and [[Uptown Houston|Uptown]], the community spans 1,100 acres (4.45 km²) in area.<ref name="handbook">{{Handbook of Texas|id=RR/hpr1|date = 2008-05-16|name=River Oaks}}</ref> Established in the 1920s by brothers William and Michael Hogg, the community became a well-publicized national model for community planning. River Oaks is considered to be one of the wealthiest communities in [[Texas]] and has one of the wealthiest [[zip code]]s in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web
| image = nightmare2.jpg
| title = Forbes: The most expensive ZIP codes in America - MSN Money
| image_size =
| work = moneycentral.msn.com
| caption = Movie poster
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| director = [[Jack Sholder]]
| url = http://moneycentral.msn.com/content/invest/forbes/P62020.asp
| producer = [[Robert Shaye]]
}}</ref> Real estate values in the community range from $1 to 20 million.<ref>{{Cite web
| writer = [[David Chaskin]]
| title = River Oaks, Greater Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau
| narrator =
| work = visithoustontexas.com
| starring =[[Mark Patton]]<br>[[Kim Myers]]<br>[[Robert Rusler]]<br>[[Clu Gulager]]<br>[[Hope Lange]]<br>[[Marshall Bell]]<br>[[Robert Englund]]
| accessdate = 2008-06-04
| music = [[Christopher Young]]
| url = http://www.visithoustontexas.com/media/neighborhoods/River_Oaks
| cinematography = [[Jacques Haitkin]]<br>[[Christopher Tufty]]
}}</ref> The community is home to [[River Oaks Country Club]] which includes a golf facility designed by architect [[Donald Ross (golfer)|Donald Ross]].
| editing = [[Bob Brady]]<br>[[Arline Garson]]
| distributor = [[New Line Cinema]]
| released = {{flagicon|USA}} [[November 1]], [[1985]]
| runtime = 87 minutes
| country = {{USA}}
| language = [[English language|English]]
| budget = $3,000,000 (estimated)
| gross = $30,000,000 (domestically)
| preceded_by = ''[[A Nightmare on Elm Street]]''
| followed_by = ''[[A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors]]''
| website =
| amg_id = 1:65124
| imdb_id = 0089686
}}


==History==
'''''A Nightmare on Elm Street Part 2: Freddy's Revenge''''' is the second film in the ''[[A Nightmare on Elm Street (franchise)|Nightmare on Elm Street]]'' series of [[slasher film]]s. It was released in [[1985]] by [[New Line Cinema]]. The film was directed by Jack Sholder.
[[Image:RiverOaksGardenClub.JPG|thumb|The [[River Oaks Garden Club Forum of Civics]]]]


William and Michael Hogg, the sons of former [[Governor of Texas|Texas Governor]] [[Jim Hogg]], and attorney Hugh Potter established River Oaks in the 1920s.<ref name="handbook"/> Potter obtained an option to purchase 200 acres around the River Oaks Country Club in 1923, and in the following year William Hogg established the Country Club Estates in order to support the development of the community.<ref>{{Cite web
== Plot ==
| title = Buffalo Bayou,An Echo of Houston's Wilderness Beginnings, Louis F. Aulbach
It has been five years since the events of the first film. A new family, the Walshes, have moved into the former home of Nancy Thompson. The Walshes son, Jesse ([[Mark Patton]]), happens to move into Nancy's old room. He eventually begins to have nightmares of Freddy ([[Robert Englund]]) demanding that Jesse kill for him and using Jesse as a host body to come back to life in the real world.
| work = hal-pc.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.hal-pc.org/~lfa/BB36.html
}}</ref> The two brothers promoted the sale of lots in the subdivision for $2,200 apiece in 1928 ($27,638 in 2008).<ref name="about">"[http://houston.about.com/od/neighborhoods/p/riveroaks.htm River Oaks]," ''[[About.com]]: Houston''.Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> The brothers, along with sister [[Ima Hogg]], oversaw the construction of [[Bayou Bend Collection and Gardens|Bayou Bend]], a stately southern-style home on the banks of [[Buffalo Bayou]].


The development plans ensured that River Oaks's parks and esplanades were planted with live oaks, shrubs, azaleas and other flowers. Every detail of the development was planned to establish a well-integrated community.<ref>{{Cite web
Lisa finds Nancy's old diary in Jesse's closet in which she had been keeping track of her nightmares and her encounters with Freddy, which struck a chord on Jesse as he is experiencing similar nightmares himself. He goes to his parents in a panic, but they argue and Jesse storms out. Jesse finds himself walking the streets late at night. One night, he walks into a bar where he runs into his gym coach, who takes him back to the gym to run laps. The coach has Jesse hit the showers, while he goes back to his office. While he is in his office, the shelves begin to come alive, hurling balls and other sports equipment at him. Two ropes grab him by the wrists and drag him into the shower. The shower fills with steam and we see Freddy's silhouette in the background, clawing the coach's back. As everything comes into focus, Jesse is the one with the glove on his hand.
| title = The River Oaks Foundation, Historical Newsletter
| work = ropo.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.ropo.org/THE%20RIVER%20OAKS%20FOUNDATION%20-%20NEWSLETTER.htm
}}</ref> Advertised as a "distinguished experiment in fine living," River Oaks became a [[United States|national]] model for community planning.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = About Bayou Bend: History, College of Education, University of Houston
| work = coe.uh.edu
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.coe.uh.edu/webscapes/bayoubend/about/history.htm
}}</ref> River Oaks was published in national newpapers, real estate media and design journals featuring the development's planning standards, residential architecture, and landscape design during the 1920s and 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = CLEAN - Stephen Fox, Architectual Historian on River Oaks
| work = cleanhouston.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.cleanhouston.org/comments/river_oaks/historic/fox.htm
}}</ref> [[Deed]] restrictions at the time restricted home prices to over $7,000 (about $88,000 in 2008) and specified architectural styles, with a [[gentlemen's agreement]] excluding [[black people|blacks]], [[Jews]], and other minorities.<ref name="handbook" /> Homes along Kirby Drive were restricted to [[American Colonial]] or [[Tudor style architecture|English Tudor]] style architecture.<ref name="about" />


During the 1920s, River Oaks was so effectively organized, planned and restricted that it became the most expensive neighborhood in Houston.<ref>{{Cite web
Jesse's girlfriend Lisa begins to do some digging and uncovers information about Freddy, including the location of the factory where he brought his victims. Meanwhile, Freddy visits Jesse's younger sister, but when she wakes up, it's actually Jesse standing there, with the glove on his hand. Jesse enlists his other friend, Grady, to watch over him while he sleeps. Once Jesse falls asleep, Grady turns out the lights for himself. As soon as Grady is asleep, Jesse awakens and begins to scream in pain - Krueger is coming out and Jesse cannot stop him. With the door jammed, Grady is helpless against Krueger, who impales him on his own door with his glove. When Krueger looks in the mirror it turns out that it was Jesse, with Krueger staring back at him from the mirror.
| title = River Oaks Property Owners Organization, River Oaks History
| work = ropo.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.ropo.org/neighbor.html
}}</ref> Bus service to [[Downtown Houston]] opened in 1927. After the start of [[the Great Depression]] 300 families lived in River Oaks. After [[World War II]] River Oaks became predominately of upper class residents.<ref>
{{Cite web
| title = River Oaks Property Owners, Inc. - Area Churches
| work = ropo.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.ropo.org/neighbor.html
}}</ref> After World War II as Houston experienced its greatest growth, River Oaks would become a haven for the wealthy of the city, and the middle classes and below had to look elsewhere for affordable housing.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = River Oaks Property Owners, Inc.
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.ropo.org/neighbor.html
}}</ref>


River Oaks has been the subject matter of scholarly studies, primarily because its significant contributions to Houston's history and the development of the American elite suburban community of the twentieth-century.<ref>{{Cite web
Jesse runs to Lisa's house where she is having a [[pool party]]. However, Freddy takes control of Jesse and attacks Lisa. Lisa is able to fight off Freddy, who runs from the house and out to the party. Most of the kids run for the fence, only to be confronted by scorching hot metal. Everything begins to heat up, including the pool, burning anyone that is near. Some of them try to take Freddy down, but are killed immediately. Freddy has them all cornered against the back fence; he exclaims, "You are all my children now!" After Lisa saves him from being shot by her father, he vanishes into a fiery wall.
| title = Citizens League for Environmental Action Now - Stephen Fox, Architectual Historian on River Oaks
|work = cleanhouston.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
| url = http://www.cleanhouston.org/comments/river_oaks/historic/fox.htm
}}</ref> The community was the site of the 1972 murder of Dr. John Hill (later described in Thomas Thompson's novel, ''Blood and Money'') and the 1997 murder of [[Doris Angleton]].<ref>{{Cite web
| title = John Hill Trial: 1971 - Motive: Failed Divorce, Outburst Leads To Mistrial, Retrial Unnecessary
|work = law.jrank.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://law.jrank.org/pages/3212/John-Hill-Trial-1971.html
}}</ref> River Oaks was the home of [[Jeff Skilling]] before he began serving his 25 year sentence in a prison in [[Minnesota]] for his involvement in the [[Enron scandal]].<ref name="JeffSkilling"/><ref name="JeffSkilling2">"[http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/10/24/business/web.1024enron.php Judge sentences former Enron chief to 24 years in prison]," ''[[International Herald Tribune]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>


The [[River Oaks Garden Club Forum of Civics]] is listed in the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as the "Forum of Civics" on October 13, 1988.<ref name=nris>[http://www.nr.nps.gov/nrloc1.htm National Register Information System], National Register of Historic Places, ''National Park Service''. Retrieved April 11, 2007.</ref> <!--Search for "Forum of Civics" - that refers to the building--> Formerly a county schoolhouse, the building is currently the administrative center for the River Oaks Garden Club.
Lisa runs to the old factory, thinking she might save Jesse there; she finds him and tells him that she loves him and that he can fight from the inside. Freddy begins to lose control. As the factory begins to burn to the ground, Freddy himself starts burning. After he dies, the rest of the factory suddenly extinguishes. Just when Lisa thinks it is all over, Freddy's burnt corpse begins to move. Jesse begins to crawl out of Freddy's ashes.


==Geography==
The following Monday, Jesse goes back to school. He climbs the bus, finally relieved that it is all over. But something is wrong: The bus is traveling too fast. Jesse panics and jumps up, only to find out there is nothing wrong; the bus is coming to its regular stop. As he and Lisa rest at ease, Freddy's glove bursts through their friend's chest and the bus speeds off the main road and into the open land, just like in Jesse's nightmares.
Located within the [[610 Loop]] and halfway between [[Downtown Houston|Downtown]] and [[Uptown Houston|Uptown]], River Oaks spans 1,100 acres (4.45 km²) in area. The community is located in a region bounded on the north by [[Buffalo Bayou]], on the east by South Shepherd Drive, on the west by Willowick Road, and on the south by [[Westheimer Road]]. River Oaks is located northeast of [[Uptown Houston|uptown]], north of the [[Upper Kirby, Houston, Texas|Upper Kirby]] district, west of the [[Montrose, Houston, Texas|Montrose]] area and adjacent to many major thoroughfares such as Westheimer Road, Richmond Avenue, San Felipe Street and the [[freeway]] system.


River Oaks Boulevard, a road that runs through the center of the community, is lined on both sides by mansions and estates located away from the street. The two mile area of the subdivision comprises approximately 1,400 homes, mostly detached single family homes.<ref>{{Cite web
== Production ==
| title = Living in River Oaks Makes a Statement
Nightmare series creator [[Wes Craven]] refused to work on this film because he never wanted or intended ''A Nightmare on Elm Street'' to become an ongoing franchise (and even wanted the first film to have a happy ending), and also because he didn't like the idea of Freddy manipulating the protagonist into committing the murders.
| work = ArticlesBase.com
| accessdate = 2008-06-04
| url = http://www.articlesbase.com/non-fiction-articles/living-in-river-oaks-makes-a-statement-152079.html
}}</ref>


==Demographics==
[[Christie Clark]] is seen in an early role as Angela Walsh.
[[Image:RiverOaksHouston.JPG|right|thumb|River Oaks is heavily wooded and has Houston's most expensive homes]]
River Oaks is within the Houston Super Neighborhood #23 Afton Oaks/River Oaks, a division of the City of Houston that includes River Oaks and some surrounding subdivisions. In 2000 the Super Neighborhood had 14,313 residents; 12,273 of them (85.74%) were non-[[Hispanic]] [[White (people)|White]]s. 1,160 (8.1%) were [[Hispanic]], 390 (2.72%) were Asian, 247 (1.72%) were Black, 18 were [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]], 13 were Native Hawaiian, and 23 were non-Hispanic others. 189 people were of two or more races.<ref name="SN23Demographics">"[http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/suprnbhds/2001_demog/23_aftonoaks.htm Census 2000: Demographic Data by Super Neighborhood Afton Oaks/River Oaks]." ''City of Houston''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>


According to the United States [[census]]{{GR|2}} in 2000, of the 12,088 residents over 18 years of age, 10,390 (85.95%) were non-Hispanic White. 945 (7.81%) were Hispanic, 353 (2.92%) were Asian, 205 (1.7%) were Black, 17 were Native American, 8 were Native Hawaiian, and 22 were non-Hispanic other. 148 were of two or more races.<ref name="SN23Demographics"/>
Joann Willete is one of the girls seated in the back of the schoolbus driven by Freddy at the beginning of the film. She would later go on to star in the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] sitcom ''[[Just the Ten of Us]]'', a program which not only featured numerous references to the ''Nightmare on Elm Street'' franchise, but also co-starred [[Heather Langenkamp]] (from the first, third, and seventh films) and [[Brooke Theiss]] (from the fourth film).


The super neighborhood had 8,169 housing units. Of the 7,401 occupied units, 3,573 were rental units and 3,828 were owner units. The Super Neighborhood had 3,518 families with a total of 9,521 individuals. Afton Oaks/River Oaks Super Neighborhood had a lower average family size than the average City of Houston family size. The Afton Oaks/River Oaks average was 2.71, while the city average was 3.39.<ref name="SN23Demographics"/>
==Trivia==


River Oaks is considered to be one of the wealthiest communities in [[Texas]], and has one of the wealthiest zip codes in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web
If you look closely, when Jesse goes down to the basement, a photo of [[Amanda Wyss]], Tina Grey, from the first movie, is hanging on the wall above the stairs.
| title = Forbes: The most expensive ZIP codes in America - MSN Money
| work = moneycentral.msn.com
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://moneycentral.msn.com/content/invest/forbes/P62020.asp
}}</ref> Residents are predominantly successful professionals, and real estate values range from $1 million to $20 million [[U.S. dollars]].<ref>{{cite web | title=House values in River Oaks |work = houston.housealmanac.com | url=http://houston.housealmanac.com/search-subdivision-river-oaks-blvd.htm | accessmonthday=June 23 | accessyear=2006 }} at House Almanac</ref><ref>{{Cite web
| title = The Matchmaker - New York Times
| work = nytimes.com
| accessdate = 2008-06-04
| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/10/realestate/keymagazine/910broker.html?ex=1161921600&en=7b245dee9d3cf8f5&ei=5070
}}</ref>


== Reaction ==
==Culture==
[[Image:HoustonRiverOaksTheater.JPG|thumb|The [[River Oaks Theatre]] of [[Landmark Theatres]], located east of River Oaks in the River Oaks Shopping Center]]
The film opened in just 614 theaters, making $3.3 million in its opening weekend. Domestically, the film has made $30 million, making it another huge success on a budget of only $3 million. It made $29,999,213 at the domestic box office, a little more than the first ''Nightmare'' film.<ref>[http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=elmst2.htm A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge (1985)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Much of the criticism, from both film critics and fans, was aimed at the fact that the film, while continuing the storyline of its predecessor, it takes on a completely different direction. Rather than just stalk the teenagers and kill them in their dreams, Freddy would commit random acts of violence in the real world and be a mysterious protagonist into committing murders, using the lead character to these crimes until eventually coming out in the real world by his own. Some fans of the series consider it a low-point, preferring part 3 as a more befitting follow-up since it continued Wes Craven's original storyline (Craven co-wrote the third installment) and saw the return of two main characters from the original, "Nancy Thompson" ([[Heather Langenkamp]]) and her father ([[John Saxon (actor)|John Saxon]]).
Adjacent to the community is the River Oaks Shopping Center, Houston's first shopping center.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Fretz Construction, History and project timeline
| work = fretzconstruction.com
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.fretzconstruction.com/history.htm
}}</ref> Constructed in 1927 and designed by architect [[Hugh Prather]], the center, originally known as River Oaks Community Center, was one of the nation's first automobile-oriented [[shopping center|retail centers]]. Its design, with arcs of retail space on either side of West Gray Avenue, was considered a model for future development.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Houston Deco, 1930s, River Oaks Community Center, Greater Houston Preservation Alliance
|work = houstondeco.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.houstondeco.org/1930s/rosc.html
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
| title = Shopping Mall History, American Studies at Eastern Connecticut State University
| work = easternct.edu
| accessdate = 2008-06-04
| url = http://www.easternct.edu/depts/amerst/MallsHistory.htm
}}</ref> Portions of the historic shopping center were demolished in September 2007 to redevelop the site for bookstore and a parking garage. As of 2008, [[Landmark Theatres]] operates the [[River Oaks Theatre]], an "[[arthouse]]" theater, located in the center. The theater is the last historic movie theater in Houston that is still being used as it was originally designed.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Houston Deco, 1930s, River Oaks Theater, Greater Houston Preservation Alliance
| work = houstondeco.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.houstondeco.org/1930s/rotheater.html
}}</ref>


River Oaks is home to the forty-member [[River Oaks Chamber Orchestra]]. The orchestra is composed of musicians from around the United States and guest conductors from around the world.<ref>{{Cite web
Film commentators often remark on the film's perceived [[homoerotic]] theme. Some people have argued that a subtext exists about Jesse's alleged repressed [[homosexuality]] (never clarified in the movie), and they point out the encounter that he has with his gym teacher in a [[bisexual]] S&M leather bar, and his flight to a hunky male friend's house after an aborted attempt of making out at his girlfriend's pool party. <ref>[http://cc.usu.edu/~alexjack/viddiedreviews/nightmare2.html Review]</ref><ref>[http://www.x-entertainment.com/articles/0774/ X-Entertainment: Movie Review: Nightmare On Elm Street Part II - Freddy's Revenge!<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> During the latter scene, Jesse, shirt unbuttoned, states that he's scared that "something is trying to get inside my body"; his shirtless friend replies, "Yeah, and she's female and waiting for you in the cabana, and you want to sleep with me." Director Jack Sholder claims that he never intended for there to be a [[gay]] [[subtext]] to the film, but has subsequently admitted that he does see it in the film, according to the "Nightmare Encyclopedia" included on the DVD box set. Mark Patton, the actor who portrays Jesse, is in fact gay. Rumors even have been spread that [[Mark Patton]] and [[Robert Rusler]], who plays Grady, had a relationship a little time after the ending of the movie.
| title = River Oaks Chamber Orchestra - About Us: Mission & Founder
| work = rocohouston.org
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.rocohouston.org/mission.html
}}</ref> The training facilities for the [[Houston Ballet]] and its pre-professional school, the [[Ben Stevenson Academy]], are located on West Gray, east of the River Oaks Shopping Center.
[[Memorial Park, Houston, Texas|Memorial Park]] is close to River Oaks. River Oaks Park and the River Oaks Community Center, operated by the City of Houston, is located at 3600 Locke Lane.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = River Oaks Community Center, Houston Parks and Recreation Department, City of Houston
| work = houstontx.gov
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.houstontx.gov/parks/cc-riveroaks.html
}}</ref> River Oaks Park includes a quarter mile off-road trail located within the park's boundaries.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Trails4-2-06.pdf (application/pdf Object)
| work = houstontx.gov
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.houstontx.gov/parks/pdf/Trails4-2-06.pdf
}}</ref>


[[River Oaks Country Club]], located within the community on the northern end of River Oaks Boulevard, is a country club that includes a golf facility that was designed by architect [[Donald Ross (golfer)|Donald Ross]]. Ross is considered to be one of the most significant golf course designers in the history of [[golfing]]. Opening in 1923, the country club has hosted the [[River Oaks International Tennis Tournament]] since 1931.<ref>{{Cite web
== References ==
| title = River Oaks Club Holds Well-Earned Allure - H Texas Online
{{reflist}}
| work = htexas.com
| accessdate = 2008-05-16| url = http://www.htexas.com/feature.cfm?Story=166
}}</ref>


==Education==
== External links ==
===Primary and secondary schools===
{{wikiquote}}
[[Image:HoustonRiverOaksES.JPG|thumb|[[River Oaks Elementary School (Houston)|River Oaks Elementary School]]]]
*{{imdb title|id=0089686|title=A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge}}
[[Image:LooscanLibraryHouston.JPG|thumb|Looscan Library]]
*{{amg movie|id=1:65124|title=A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge}}
[[Public schooling]] is available under the [[Houston Independent School District]] (HISD) and consists of [[River Oaks Elementary School (Houston)|River Oaks Elementary School]],<ref>"[http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/RiverOaksES.pdf River Oaks Elementary School Attendance Boundary]," ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> [[Lanier Middle School (Houston)|Lanier Middle School]],<ref>"[http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/LanierMS.pdf Lanier Middle School Attendance Boundary]," ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> and [[Lamar High School (Houston)|Lamar High School]].<ref>"[http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/LamarHS.pdf Lamar High School Attendance Boundary]," ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref name="AreaSchools">"[http://www.ropo.org/schools1.html Area Schools]," ''River Oaks Property Owners, Inc.''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> Lanier opened in 1926, River Oaks Elementary opened in 1929, and Lamar opened in 1937.<ref name="SchoolHistoriesHoustonISD">"[http://www.houstonisd.org/HISDConnectDS/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=0afe09c28afc3110VgnVCM10000028147fa6RCRD&vgnextchannel=2e2b2f796138c010VgnVCM10000052147fa6RCRD School Histories: the Stories Behind the Names]." ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Accessed September 24, 2008.</ref> Between 1986 and 1996, River Oaks Elementary School only admitted [[magnet school]] students from other areas of the city. The community was divided between the attendance zones of Wilson Elementary School (opened in 1925) and the now closed Will Rogers Elementary School (opened in 1950, closed in summer 2006).<ref name="SchoolHistoriesHoustonISD"/> In 1995, several River Oaks parents petitioned HISD to re-establish the neighborhood program at River Oaks Elementary School which allows non-magnet students residing in the school's boundaries to attend. Some magnet parents opposed, believing that the River Oaks program would reduce racial diversity at the school.<ref>{{Cite web
*{{rotten-tomatoes|id=nightmare_on_elm_street_2_freddys_revenge|title=A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge}}
| title = River Oaks Elementary School, Admissions
*{{mojo title|id=elmst2|title=A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge}}
| work = es.houstonisd.org
*[http://nightmareonelmstreetfilms.com/n2main.html A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge] at The Nightmare on Elm Street Companion
| accessdate = 2008-05-23
{{Nightmareseries}}
| url = http://es.houstonisd.org/riveroakses/admissions.html
}}</ref><ref>"[http://www.houstonpress.com/1995-04-13/news/class-war/ Class War]," ''[[Houston Press]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref>"[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=1994_1218502 River Oaks still most prestigious]," ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'', August 7, 1994</ref><ref>"[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=1996_1371111 Studying our Schools: An Overview/The search for quality education/ Regardless of where they live, parents ask same question: How good are the schools?]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. October 13, 1996. Accessed July 12, 2008.</ref> In fall 1996, HISD added a neighborhood program to the school for grades Kindergarten through 2, with grades 3 through 5 phased in over a subsequent three-year period.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/19970630192140/http://www.houston.isd.tenet.edu/MAX.HTM 1996-1997 HISD ATTENDANCE BOUNDARIES]." ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved June 12, 2008.</ref>


Crockett Early Childhood Center is the closest public early childhood center to River Oaks, while Wilson Elementary School's preschool program is the closest tuition-based program.<ref>"[http://www.houstonisd.org/FederalStateCompliance/Images/HISD%20BASIC%20MAP_ECC%20SCHOOL.pdf Early Childhood Center Map]." ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref name="ECInfo">"[http://www.houstonisd.org/HISDConnectDS/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=5e95daffc7ed2110VgnVCM10000028147fa6RCRD&vgnextchannel=b52c2f796138c010VgnVCM10000052147fa6RCRD Early Childhood and Prekindergarten Programs]." ''[[Houston Independent School District]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> Only economically-disadvantaged students, homeless students, students who are not proficient in English, or children of active-duty members of the U.S. military or whose parent has been killed, injured, or missing in action while on active duty may be enrolled in tuition-free HISD preschools. Students who are eligible for HISD's preschools may attend any Early Childhood Center in Houston ISD for free. Students not eligible may enroll in tuition-based HISD preschool programs.<ref name="ECInfo"/>
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nightmare on Elm Street Part 2: Freddy's Revenge, A}}
[[Category:1985 films|Nightmare on Elm Street 02: Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:A Nightmare on Elm Street|Nightmare on Elm Street 02: Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:American films|Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:1980s horror films|Nightmare on Elm Street 02:Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:New Line Cinema films|Nightmare on Elm Street 02: Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:Sequel films|Nightmare on Elm Street 02: Freddy's Revenge, A]]
[[Category:Supernatural horror films]]


Several [[independent school|independent (private) school]]s serve the community.<ref name="AreaSchools"/> [[Catholic schools]], operated by the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston]], include [[St. Thomas High School (Houston, Texas)|St. Thomas High School]] (9-12, males only, north of River Oaks along the north edge of the Buffalo Bayou)
[[de:Nightmare II – Die Rache]]
and [[St. Anne Catholic School (Houston, Texas)|St. Anne Catholic School]] (K-8, between River Oaks and [[Montrose, Houston|Montrose]]).<ref>{{Cite web
[[es:Pesadilla en Elm Street 2: La Venganza de Freddy]]
| title = Welcome to the Saint Anne Catholic School
[[fr:La Revanche de Freddy]]
| work = saintanne.org
[[it:Nightmare II: La rivincita]]
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
[[nl:A Nightmare on Elm Street Part 2: Freddy's Revenge]]
| url = http://www.saintanne.org/cgi-bin/index.cgi?section=school
[[pt:A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge]]
}}</ref> Other private schools in the area and private schools marketed to River Oaks families include [[St. John's School (Texas)|St. John's School]] (K-12, in Upper Kirby),<ref name="AreaSchools"/> [[Annunciation Orthodox School]] (K-8, in the Montrose district), [[River Oaks Baptist School]] (K-8, in River Oaks),<ref name="AreaSchools"/> [[Episcopal High School (Bellaire, Texas)|Episcopal High School]] (9-12, [[Bellaire, Texas|Bellaire]])<ref name="AreaSchools"/> and [[The Kinkaid School]] ([[Piney Point Village, Texas|Piney Point Village]]).<ref name="AreaSchools"/>
[[ru:Кошмар на улице Вязов 2: Месть Фредди]]

[[fi:Painajainen Elm Streetillä 2 – Freddyn kosto]]
===Colleges and universities===
[[sv:Terror på Elm Street 2 - Freddys hämnd]]
River Oaks is within the [[Houston Community College System]] boundaries. The closest campuses are the Central Campus in [[Midtown Houston|Midtown]] and the West Loop Center. Four-year universities and colleges in close proximity to River Oaks include [[University of St. Thomas (Texas)|University of St. Thomas]] in [[Neartown, Houston, Texas|Neartown]] and [[Rice University]] in the [[Houston Museum District]].

===Libraries===
The community is served by the Adele B. Looscan Branch of [[Houston Public Library]]. The current Looscan Branch building opened in September 2007. The former [[Americans with Disabilities Act]] non-compliant library, which was established in 1956, closed on August 27, 2005 and was demolished in February 2006.<ref>"[http://www.houstonlibrary.org/planning/looscan_ren.html Adele B. Looscan Branch Replacement]," ''[[Houston Public Library]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>
{{-}}

===Gallery of schools===
<gallery>
Image:HoustonLanierMiddle.JPG|[[Lanier Middle School (Houston)|Lanier Middle School]]
Image:HoustonLamarHighSchool.JPG|[[Lamar High School (Houston)|Lamar High School]]
Image:RiverOaksBaptistChurchSchoolHouston.JPG|[[River Oaks Baptist School|River Oaks Baptist Church and School]]
Image:HoustonSt.John'sSchool.JPG|[[St. John's School (Texas)|St. John's School]] Cullen Campus
Image:StAnneSchoolHouston.JPG|[[St. Anne Catholic School (Houston, Texas)|St. Anne Catholic School]]
</gallery>

==Media==
The ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'' is the area's regional newspaper. On Thursdays, residents receive the [[Bellaire, Texas|Bellaire]]/[[West University Place, Texas|West U]]/River Oaks/[[Meyerland, Houston, Texas|Meyerland]] section, which covers events specific to the covered neighborhoods.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Bellaire, River Oaks, WestU and Meyerland news, sports and events, Houston Chronicle
| work = chron.com
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.chron.com/neighborhoods/bellaire/
}}</ref> The ''River Oaks Examiner''<ref>{{Cite web
| title = River Oaks Examiner: News
| work = examinernews.com
| accessdate = 2008-05-16
| url = http://www.examinernews.com/river_oaks/
}}</ref> and ''Village News'' are local newspapers distributed in the community.

==Infrastructure and government==
[[Image:HoustonFireStation3RiverOaks.JPG|thumb|[[Houston Fire Department]] Station 3 River Oaks]]
[[Houston Fire Department]] operates Station 3 River Oaks at 3735 West Alabama at Cummins, near River Oaks.<ref>"[http://www.houstontx.gov/fire/firestations/station3.html Houston Fire Station #3]." ''City of Houston''.. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> The community is within the [[Houston Police Department]]'s Central Patrol Division<ref>"[http://www.houstontx.gov/police/cs/beatpages/central.htm Crime Statistics for Central Patrol Division]." ''City of Houston''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>, headquartered at 1200 Travis.<ref name="VIPCops">"[http://www.houstontx.gov/police/vip/vip_cops.htm Volunteer Initiatives Program, Citizens Offering Police Support]." ''City of Houston''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> River Oaks has one of the lowest crime rates in Houston.<ref>"[http://www.click2houston.com/news/4205106/detail.html North Houston Has Highest Crime Rate]," ''[[KPRC-TV]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> The community operates its own private security force, River Oaks Patrol. The [[Texas Department of Public Safety]] classifies the force as a guard, alarm, and investigation company.<ref>"[http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/psb/company/company_details.aspx?id=C01276 Company Details: River Oaks Patrol]," ''Texas Department of Public Safety''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> The [[United States Post Office]] operates the River Oaks Post Office at 1900 West Gray Street, Houston, Texas, supporting the area code 77019.

River Oaks is a part of the Houston City Council District G.<ref>[http://www.houstontx.gov/council/maps/g.html City of Houston, Council District Maps, District G]. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> As of 2008 the representative is Pam Holm. In 1989, during a city council race, many in River Oaks voted for Jim Westmoreland for an at-large position. In one precinct 66.3 percent of the residents voted for him. Westmoreland drew controversy after reports of a joke that was characterized as "racist" spread. Westmoreland was defeated in that race. In a 1989 ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'' article, Nancy Palm, a Republican Party activist from western Houston, said that the residents who voted for Westmoreland had social ties with them and did not see the controversy as significant.<ref>Bernstein, Alan. "[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=1989_663585 Core of white support failed to halt Westmoreland's defeat]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. Sunday November 12, 1989. A1.</ref> In the first 1991 [[Mayor of Houston]] election most River Oaks voters voted for [[Bob Lanier (politician)|Bob Lanier]]; 75% of people in Lanier's home River Oaks precinct voted for him.<ref>Rodriguez, Lori. "[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=1991_821334 Saying goodbye, with no regrets]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. Saturday November 9, 1991. A31.</ref><ref>Bernstein, Alan and Jim Simmon. "[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=1991_820986 Black vote went solidly for Turner/Whitmire failed to produce split]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. Thursday November 7, 1991. A21.</ref>

River Oaks is located in [[Texas House of Representatives, District 134|District 134]] of the [[Texas House of Representatives]]. As of 2008 [[Ellen Cohen]] represents the district.<ref>"[http://www.house.state.tx.us/members/pdf/districts/134.pdf Map of Texas House District 134]." ''Texas House of Representatives''. Accessed September 28, 2008.</ref> River Oaks is within [[Texas Senate, District 13|District 13]] of the [[Texas Senate]].<ref>"[http://www.senate.state.tx.us/Icons/Dist_Maps/Dist13_Map.pdf Senate District 13]" Map. ''[[Senate of Texas]]''. Accessed September 28, 2008.</ref> As of 2008 its representative is [[Rodney Ellis]].

The community is within [[Texas's 7th congressional district]].<ref>"[http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/preview/congdist/tx07_109.gif Congressional District 7]." ''[[National Atlas of the United States]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref> As of 2008 the representative is [[John Culberson]].

[[Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas]] (METRO) operates bus services in River Oaks. Lines serving River Oaks include 3 Langley/West Gray, 18 Kirby Limited, 35 Fairview, 73 Bellfort Crosstown, and 82 Westheimer.<ref>"[http://www.ridemetro.org/SchedulesMaps/Pdfs/METRO-System-Map.pdf System Map]." ''[[Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref>"[http://www.ridemetro.org/SchedulesMaps/Pdfs/METRO-Galleria-Uptown-Map.pdf Uptown/Galleria and Greenway Plaza Area]." ''[[Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref>"[http://tripplanner.ridemetro.org/hiwire?.a=iScheduleLookup&.s=e48dfcc8 Schedules]." ''[[Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>

==Notable residents==
*[[Dan Duncan]], businessman<ref>"[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2002_3594481 Casas Grandes / In real estate, it's all about location. Consider River Oaks, home to the 10 most valuable residences in Harris County.]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. October 27, 2002. Accessed June 11, 2008.</ref>
*[[Clyde Drexler]], professional [[basketball]] player <ref>"[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2003_3667497 Money still flowing into River Oaks]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. June 29, 2003.</ref>
*[[Carolyn Farb]], [[philanthropist]] <ref>"[http://weekendamerica.publicradio.org/programs/2007/12/08/high_society_in_hous.html High Society in Houston]," ''[[American Public Media]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>
*[[Andrew Fastow]] and [[Lea Fastow]], primary figure of the [[Enron scandal]] and his wife<ref>"[http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2002_3592324 The Fall of Enron / Energy executive buys Fastow's mansion]." ''[[Houston Chronicle]]''. October 22, 2002. Accessed June 11, 2008.</ref>
*[[Tilman J. Fertitta]], developer and restaurateur<ref name="SN23MainPage">"[http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/nbhd_svces/TechCntrInfo/SN_23.htm Super Neighborhood #23 Afton Oaks/River Oaks]." ''City of Houston''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref><ref>"[http://www.bizjournals.com/houston/stories/2002/07/22/story3.html Landry's chief gets caught up in legal net]." ''[[Houston Business Journal]]''. Retrieved June 1, 2008.</ref>
*[[Bob Lanier]], formerly served as [[Mayor of Houston]]<ref name="SN23MainPage"/>
*[[Robert Mosbacher]], businessman and [[politician]] <ref> "[http://www.cleanhouston.org/comments/river_oaks/news/landmark.htm River Oaks Gains Another Landmark]," ''River Oaks Examiner''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>
*[[Jeffrey Skilling]], primary figure of the [[Enron scandal]] <ref name="JeffSkilling">"[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/23/business/24enroncnd.html?ex=1319256000&en=39842e92f4ee72fb&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss Ex-Enron Chief Is Sentenced to 24 Years]," ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 23, 2006</ref>

*[[Lynn Wyatt]], [[socialite]] and philanthropist <ref> "[http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0603/feature8/index.html Survival of the Richest]," ''[[National Geographic]]''. Retrieved May 23, 2008.</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:RiverOaksPostOfficeHoustonTX.JPG|<center>River Oaks Station Post Office, east of River Oaks
Image:RiverOaksPark.JPG|<center>River Oaks Park
Image:BayouBendPorch.JPG|<center>[[Bayou Bend Collection and Gardens]]
</gallery>

==See also==
{{portalpar|Houston}}
* [[History of Houston]]
* [[Geographic areas of Houston]]
* [[Bayou Bend Collection and Gardens]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.ropo.org/ River Oaks Property Owners, Inc.]
* [http://www.riveroaksgardenclub.org/index.cfm River Oaks Garden Club]
* [http://www.riveroakscc.net/ River Oaks Country Club]
*{{Handbook of Texas|id=RR/hpr1|name=River Oaks, Houston}}
{{Houston, Texas}}

{{coord missing|United States}}

[[Category:Neighborhoods in Houston, Texas]]

Revision as of 02:44, 13 October 2008

River Oaks Country Club
"River Oaks" redirects here. For the city in Tarrant County, see River Oaks, Texas.

River Oaks is an affluent community located in the geographic center of Houston, Texas, United States. Located within the 610 Loop and halfway between Downtown and Uptown, the community spans 1,100 acres (4.45 km²) in area.[1] Established in the 1920s by brothers William and Michael Hogg, the community became a well-publicized national model for community planning. River Oaks is considered to be one of the wealthiest communities in Texas and has one of the wealthiest zip codes in the United States.[2] Real estate values in the community range from $1 to 20 million.[3] The community is home to River Oaks Country Club which includes a golf facility designed by architect Donald Ross.

History

The River Oaks Garden Club Forum of Civics

William and Michael Hogg, the sons of former Texas Governor Jim Hogg, and attorney Hugh Potter established River Oaks in the 1920s.[1] Potter obtained an option to purchase 200 acres around the River Oaks Country Club in 1923, and in the following year William Hogg established the Country Club Estates in order to support the development of the community.[4] The two brothers promoted the sale of lots in the subdivision for $2,200 apiece in 1928 ($27,638 in 2008).[5] The brothers, along with sister Ima Hogg, oversaw the construction of Bayou Bend, a stately southern-style home on the banks of Buffalo Bayou.

The development plans ensured that River Oaks's parks and esplanades were planted with live oaks, shrubs, azaleas and other flowers. Every detail of the development was planned to establish a well-integrated community.[6] Advertised as a "distinguished experiment in fine living," River Oaks became a national model for community planning.[7] River Oaks was published in national newpapers, real estate media and design journals featuring the development's planning standards, residential architecture, and landscape design during the 1920s and 1930s.[8] Deed restrictions at the time restricted home prices to over $7,000 (about $88,000 in 2008) and specified architectural styles, with a gentlemen's agreement excluding blacks, Jews, and other minorities.[1] Homes along Kirby Drive were restricted to American Colonial or English Tudor style architecture.[5]

During the 1920s, River Oaks was so effectively organized, planned and restricted that it became the most expensive neighborhood in Houston.[9] Bus service to Downtown Houston opened in 1927. After the start of the Great Depression 300 families lived in River Oaks. After World War II River Oaks became predominately of upper class residents.[10] After World War II as Houston experienced its greatest growth, River Oaks would become a haven for the wealthy of the city, and the middle classes and below had to look elsewhere for affordable housing.[11]

River Oaks has been the subject matter of scholarly studies, primarily because its significant contributions to Houston's history and the development of the American elite suburban community of the twentieth-century.[12] The community was the site of the 1972 murder of Dr. John Hill (later described in Thomas Thompson's novel, Blood and Money) and the 1997 murder of Doris Angleton.[13] River Oaks was the home of Jeff Skilling before he began serving his 25 year sentence in a prison in Minnesota for his involvement in the Enron scandal.[14][15]

The River Oaks Garden Club Forum of Civics is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as the "Forum of Civics" on October 13, 1988.[16] Formerly a county schoolhouse, the building is currently the administrative center for the River Oaks Garden Club.

Geography

Located within the 610 Loop and halfway between Downtown and Uptown, River Oaks spans 1,100 acres (4.45 km²) in area. The community is located in a region bounded on the north by Buffalo Bayou, on the east by South Shepherd Drive, on the west by Willowick Road, and on the south by Westheimer Road. River Oaks is located northeast of uptown, north of the Upper Kirby district, west of the Montrose area and adjacent to many major thoroughfares such as Westheimer Road, Richmond Avenue, San Felipe Street and the freeway system.

River Oaks Boulevard, a road that runs through the center of the community, is lined on both sides by mansions and estates located away from the street. The two mile area of the subdivision comprises approximately 1,400 homes, mostly detached single family homes.[17]

Demographics

River Oaks is heavily wooded and has Houston's most expensive homes

River Oaks is within the Houston Super Neighborhood #23 Afton Oaks/River Oaks, a division of the City of Houston that includes River Oaks and some surrounding subdivisions. In 2000 the Super Neighborhood had 14,313 residents; 12,273 of them (85.74%) were non-Hispanic Whites. 1,160 (8.1%) were Hispanic, 390 (2.72%) were Asian, 247 (1.72%) were Black, 18 were Native American, 13 were Native Hawaiian, and 23 were non-Hispanic others. 189 people were of two or more races.[18]

According to the United States censusTemplate:GR in 2000, of the 12,088 residents over 18 years of age, 10,390 (85.95%) were non-Hispanic White. 945 (7.81%) were Hispanic, 353 (2.92%) were Asian, 205 (1.7%) were Black, 17 were Native American, 8 were Native Hawaiian, and 22 were non-Hispanic other. 148 were of two or more races.[18]

The super neighborhood had 8,169 housing units. Of the 7,401 occupied units, 3,573 were rental units and 3,828 were owner units. The Super Neighborhood had 3,518 families with a total of 9,521 individuals. Afton Oaks/River Oaks Super Neighborhood had a lower average family size than the average City of Houston family size. The Afton Oaks/River Oaks average was 2.71, while the city average was 3.39.[18]

River Oaks is considered to be one of the wealthiest communities in Texas, and has one of the wealthiest zip codes in the United States.[19] Residents are predominantly successful professionals, and real estate values range from $1 million to $20 million U.S. dollars.[20][21]

Culture

The River Oaks Theatre of Landmark Theatres, located east of River Oaks in the River Oaks Shopping Center

Adjacent to the community is the River Oaks Shopping Center, Houston's first shopping center.[22] Constructed in 1927 and designed by architect Hugh Prather, the center, originally known as River Oaks Community Center, was one of the nation's first automobile-oriented retail centers. Its design, with arcs of retail space on either side of West Gray Avenue, was considered a model for future development.[23][24] Portions of the historic shopping center were demolished in September 2007 to redevelop the site for bookstore and a parking garage. As of 2008, Landmark Theatres operates the River Oaks Theatre, an "arthouse" theater, located in the center. The theater is the last historic movie theater in Houston that is still being used as it was originally designed.[25]

River Oaks is home to the forty-member River Oaks Chamber Orchestra. The orchestra is composed of musicians from around the United States and guest conductors from around the world.[26] The training facilities for the Houston Ballet and its pre-professional school, the Ben Stevenson Academy, are located on West Gray, east of the River Oaks Shopping Center. Memorial Park is close to River Oaks. River Oaks Park and the River Oaks Community Center, operated by the City of Houston, is located at 3600 Locke Lane.[27] River Oaks Park includes a quarter mile off-road trail located within the park's boundaries.[28]

River Oaks Country Club, located within the community on the northern end of River Oaks Boulevard, is a country club that includes a golf facility that was designed by architect Donald Ross. Ross is considered to be one of the most significant golf course designers in the history of golfing. Opening in 1923, the country club has hosted the River Oaks International Tennis Tournament since 1931.[29]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

River Oaks Elementary School
Looscan Library

Public schooling is available under the Houston Independent School District (HISD) and consists of River Oaks Elementary School,[30] Lanier Middle School,[31] and Lamar High School.[32][33] Lanier opened in 1926, River Oaks Elementary opened in 1929, and Lamar opened in 1937.[34] Between 1986 and 1996, River Oaks Elementary School only admitted magnet school students from other areas of the city. The community was divided between the attendance zones of Wilson Elementary School (opened in 1925) and the now closed Will Rogers Elementary School (opened in 1950, closed in summer 2006).[34] In 1995, several River Oaks parents petitioned HISD to re-establish the neighborhood program at River Oaks Elementary School which allows non-magnet students residing in the school's boundaries to attend. Some magnet parents opposed, believing that the River Oaks program would reduce racial diversity at the school.[35][36][37][38] In fall 1996, HISD added a neighborhood program to the school for grades Kindergarten through 2, with grades 3 through 5 phased in over a subsequent three-year period.[39]

Crockett Early Childhood Center is the closest public early childhood center to River Oaks, while Wilson Elementary School's preschool program is the closest tuition-based program.[40][41] Only economically-disadvantaged students, homeless students, students who are not proficient in English, or children of active-duty members of the U.S. military or whose parent has been killed, injured, or missing in action while on active duty may be enrolled in tuition-free HISD preschools. Students who are eligible for HISD's preschools may attend any Early Childhood Center in Houston ISD for free. Students not eligible may enroll in tuition-based HISD preschool programs.[41]

Several independent (private) schools serve the community.[33] Catholic schools, operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston, include St. Thomas High School (9-12, males only, north of River Oaks along the north edge of the Buffalo Bayou) and St. Anne Catholic School (K-8, between River Oaks and Montrose).[42] Other private schools in the area and private schools marketed to River Oaks families include St. John's School (K-12, in Upper Kirby),[33] Annunciation Orthodox School (K-8, in the Montrose district), River Oaks Baptist School (K-8, in River Oaks),[33] Episcopal High School (9-12, Bellaire)[33] and The Kinkaid School (Piney Point Village).[33]

Colleges and universities

River Oaks is within the Houston Community College System boundaries. The closest campuses are the Central Campus in Midtown and the West Loop Center. Four-year universities and colleges in close proximity to River Oaks include University of St. Thomas in Neartown and Rice University in the Houston Museum District.

Libraries

The community is served by the Adele B. Looscan Branch of Houston Public Library. The current Looscan Branch building opened in September 2007. The former Americans with Disabilities Act non-compliant library, which was established in 1956, closed on August 27, 2005 and was demolished in February 2006.[43]

Gallery of schools

Media

The Houston Chronicle is the area's regional newspaper. On Thursdays, residents receive the Bellaire/West U/River Oaks/Meyerland section, which covers events specific to the covered neighborhoods.[44] The River Oaks Examiner[45] and Village News are local newspapers distributed in the community.

Infrastructure and government

Houston Fire Department Station 3 River Oaks

Houston Fire Department operates Station 3 River Oaks at 3735 West Alabama at Cummins, near River Oaks.[46] The community is within the Houston Police Department's Central Patrol Division[47], headquartered at 1200 Travis.[48] River Oaks has one of the lowest crime rates in Houston.[49] The community operates its own private security force, River Oaks Patrol. The Texas Department of Public Safety classifies the force as a guard, alarm, and investigation company.[50] The United States Post Office operates the River Oaks Post Office at 1900 West Gray Street, Houston, Texas, supporting the area code 77019.

River Oaks is a part of the Houston City Council District G.[51] As of 2008 the representative is Pam Holm. In 1989, during a city council race, many in River Oaks voted for Jim Westmoreland for an at-large position. In one precinct 66.3 percent of the residents voted for him. Westmoreland drew controversy after reports of a joke that was characterized as "racist" spread. Westmoreland was defeated in that race. In a 1989 Houston Chronicle article, Nancy Palm, a Republican Party activist from western Houston, said that the residents who voted for Westmoreland had social ties with them and did not see the controversy as significant.[52] In the first 1991 Mayor of Houston election most River Oaks voters voted for Bob Lanier; 75% of people in Lanier's home River Oaks precinct voted for him.[53][54]

River Oaks is located in District 134 of the Texas House of Representatives. As of 2008 Ellen Cohen represents the district.[55] River Oaks is within District 13 of the Texas Senate.[56] As of 2008 its representative is Rodney Ellis.

The community is within Texas's 7th congressional district.[57] As of 2008 the representative is John Culberson.

Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas (METRO) operates bus services in River Oaks. Lines serving River Oaks include 3 Langley/West Gray, 18 Kirby Limited, 35 Fairview, 73 Bellfort Crosstown, and 82 Westheimer.[58][59][60]

Notable residents

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c River Oaks from the Handbook of Texas Online (2008-05-16)
  2. ^ "Forbes: The most expensive ZIP codes in America - MSN Money". moneycentral.msn.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  3. ^ "River Oaks, Greater Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau". visithoustontexas.com. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  4. ^ "Buffalo Bayou,An Echo of Houston's Wilderness Beginnings, Louis F. Aulbach". hal-pc.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  5. ^ a b "River Oaks," About.com: Houston.Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  6. ^ "The River Oaks Foundation, Historical Newsletter". ropo.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  7. ^ "About Bayou Bend: History, College of Education, University of Houston". coe.uh.edu. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  8. ^ "CLEAN - Stephen Fox, Architectual Historian on River Oaks". cleanhouston.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  9. ^ "River Oaks Property Owners Organization, River Oaks History". ropo.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  10. ^ "River Oaks Property Owners, Inc. - Area Churches". ropo.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  11. ^ "River Oaks Property Owners, Inc". Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  12. ^ "Citizens League for Environmental Action Now - Stephen Fox, Architectual Historian on River Oaks". cleanhouston.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  13. ^ "John Hill Trial: 1971 - Motive: Failed Divorce, Outburst Leads To Mistrial, Retrial Unnecessary". law.jrank.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  14. ^ a b "Ex-Enron Chief Is Sentenced to 24 Years," The New York Times, October 23, 2006
  15. ^ "Judge sentences former Enron chief to 24 years in prison," International Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  16. ^ National Register Information System, National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service. Retrieved April 11, 2007.
  17. ^ "Living in River Oaks Makes a Statement". ArticlesBase.com. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  18. ^ a b c "Census 2000: Demographic Data by Super Neighborhood Afton Oaks/River Oaks." City of Houston. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  19. ^ "Forbes: The most expensive ZIP codes in America - MSN Money". moneycentral.msn.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  20. ^ "House values in River Oaks". houston.housealmanac.com. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help) at House Almanac
  21. ^ "The Matchmaker - New York Times". nytimes.com. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  22. ^ "Fretz Construction, History and project timeline". fretzconstruction.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  23. ^ "Houston Deco, 1930s, River Oaks Community Center, Greater Houston Preservation Alliance". houstondeco.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  24. ^ "Shopping Mall History, American Studies at Eastern Connecticut State University". easternct.edu. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  25. ^ "Houston Deco, 1930s, River Oaks Theater, Greater Houston Preservation Alliance". houstondeco.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  26. ^ "River Oaks Chamber Orchestra - About Us: Mission & Founder". rocohouston.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  27. ^ "River Oaks Community Center, Houston Parks and Recreation Department, City of Houston". houstontx.gov. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  28. ^ "Trails4-2-06.pdf (application/pdf Object)" (PDF). houstontx.gov. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  29. ^ "River Oaks Club Holds Well-Earned Allure - H Texas Online". htexas.com. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
  30. ^ "River Oaks Elementary School Attendance Boundary," Houston Independent School District. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  31. ^ "Lanier Middle School Attendance Boundary," Houston Independent School District. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  32. ^ "Lamar High School Attendance Boundary," Houston Independent School District. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  33. ^ a b c d e f "Area Schools," River Oaks Property Owners, Inc.. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  34. ^ a b "School Histories: the Stories Behind the Names." Houston Independent School District. Accessed September 24, 2008.
  35. ^ "River Oaks Elementary School, Admissions". es.houstonisd.org. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  36. ^ "Class War," Houston Press. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  37. ^ "River Oaks still most prestigious," Houston Chronicle, August 7, 1994
  38. ^ "Studying our Schools: An Overview/The search for quality education/ Regardless of where they live, parents ask same question: How good are the schools?." Houston Chronicle. October 13, 1996. Accessed July 12, 2008.
  39. ^ "1996-1997 HISD ATTENDANCE BOUNDARIES." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  40. ^ "Early Childhood Center Map." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  41. ^ a b "Early Childhood and Prekindergarten Programs." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
  42. ^ "Welcome to the Saint Anne Catholic School". saintanne.org. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
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External links

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