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{{Politics of Lebanon}}
{{Infobox Single
This page lists presidents of Lebanon. Though it is not specifically stated in the constitution, an unwritten understanding known as the [[National Pact]] (al-mithaq al-watani), agreed in 1943, has resulted in the holder of the post being a [[Maronite Christian]] in every electoral cycle since that time. Several of the presidents prior to 1943, while still Christian, came from other, non-Maronite sects.
| Name = So Gone
| Artist = [[Monica (singer)|Monica]]
| Cover = Monicasogone.jpg
| from Album = [[After the Storm]]
| Format = [[Digital download]], [[ring tone]], [[12-inch single|12" single]], [[CD single]]
| Released = [[April 8]], [[2003]] <small>(North America)</small> <br>[[September 2]], [[2003]] <small>(Australia)</small> <br>[[October 21]], [[2003]] <small>(Canada)</small>
| Recorded = 2003; Hit Factory Criteria<br><small>([[Miami, Florida]])</small>
| Genre = [[contemporary R&B|R&B]], [[hip hop soul]]
| Length = 4:02 <small>(album version)</small> <br> 3:26 <small>(radio edit)</small>
| Label = [[J Records|J]]
| Writer = Zyah Ahmonuel, Kenneth Cunningham, [[Missy Elliott]], Jamahl Rye
| Producer = Missy Elliott, <br>Spike & Jamahl <small>(co-production)</small>
| Last single = "[[Too Hood]]"<br>(2002)
| This single = "So Gone"<br>(2003)
| Next single = "[[Knock Knock (song)|Knock Knock]]/[[Get It Off]]"<br>(2003)
}}


==Before Independence==
"'''So Gone'''" is a song by [[United States|American]] [[R&B]] singer [[Monica (singer)|Monica]]. It was written by rapper-producer [[Missy Elliott]], Kenneth Cunningham, and Jamahl Rye and co-produced by Elliott and duo Spike & Jamahl for Monica's fourth studio album ''[[After the Storm]]'' ([[2003]]), incorporating a sample of the [[1976]] recording "You Are Number One," penned by Zyah Ahmonuel and performed by [[The Whispers]].
*[[Charles Debbas]]: [[1 September]] [[1926]] &ndash; [[2 January]] [[1934]]
*[[Antoine Privat-Aubouard]]: [[2 January]] [[1934]] &ndash; [[30 January]] [[1934]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers">[http://rulers.org/rull.html#lebanon Rulers.org - Lebanon]</ref>
*[[Habib Pacha Es-Saad]]: [[30 January]] [[1934]] &ndash; [[20 January]] [[1936]]
*[[Émile Eddé]]: [[20 January]] [[1936]] &ndash; [[4 April]] [[1941]]
*[[Pierre-Georges Arlabosse]]: [[4 April]] [[1941]] &ndash; [[9 April]] [[1941]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Alfred Naqqache]]: [[9 April]] [[1941]] &ndash; [[18 March]] [[1943]] <small>(Acting until [[1 December]] [[1941]])</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Ayub Thabit]]: [[19 March]] [[1943]] &ndash; [[21 July]] [[1943]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Petro Trad]]: [[22 July]] [[1943]] &ndash; [[30 September]] [[1943]]
*[[Bechara El Khoury]]: [[21 September]] [[1943]] &ndash; [[11 November]] [[1943]]
*[[Émile Eddé]]: [[11 November]] [[1943]] &ndash; [[22 November]] [[1943]]


==After Independence==
Following the less successful chart performances of previous singles "[[All Eyez on Me (song)|All Eyez on Me]]" and "[[Too Hood]]," the song was released on [[April 8]], [[2003]] in the [[United States]] as the album's [[lead single|leading single]]. "So Gone" became Monica's biggest commercial successes in years, reaching number 10 on the U.S. ''Billboard'' [[Hot 100]] and the top of the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]] chart, becoming Monica's first chart topper since [[1998]]'s "[[The First Night]]."<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/yearend_chart_display.jsp?f=Hot+R%26B%2FHip-Hop+Songs&g=Year-end+Singles&year=2003 Billboard: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs - 2003 ]. ''Billboard.com''. Retrieved on [[January 27]], 2007.</ref>
*[[Bechara El Khoury]]: [[22 November]] [[1943]] &ndash; [[18 September]] [[1952]]
*[[Fuad Chehab]]: [[18 September]] [[1952]] &ndash; [[23 September]] [[1952]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Camille Chamoun]]: [[23 September]] [[1952]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1958]]
*[[Fuad Chehab]]: [[23 September]] [[1958]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1964]]
*[[Charles Helou]]: [[23 September]] [[1964]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1970]]
*[[Suleiman Frangieh]]: [[23 September]] [[1970]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1976]]
*[[Elias Sarkis]]: [[23 September]] [[1976]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1982]]
*[[Bachir Gemayel]]: <small>(Elect)</small>
*[[Amine Gemayel]]: [[23 September]] [[1982]] &ndash; [[22 September]] [[1988]]
*[[General Michel Aoun]]: [[22 September]] [[1988]] &ndash; [[5 November]] [[1989]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[René Moawad]]: [[5 November]] [[1989]] &ndash; [[22 November]] [[1989]]
*[[Selim al-Hoss]]: [[22 November]] [[1989]] &ndash; [[24 November]] [[1989]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Elias Hrawi]]: [[24 November]] [[1989]] &ndash; [[24 November]] [[1998]]
*[[Emile Lahoud]]: [[24 November]] [[1998]] &ndash; [[24 November]] [[2007]]
*[[Fouad Siniora]]: [[24 November]] [[2007]] &ndash; [[25 May]] [[2008]] <small>(Acting)</small><ref name="Rulers"/>
*[[Michel Suleiman]]: [[25 May]] [[2008]] &ndash; present


== References ==
==Writing and recording==
{{reflist}}
"So Gone" was one out of three new Elliott-produced additions to partially re-worked ''[[After the Storm]]'', commissioned by [[J Records]] head and executive producer [[Clive Davis]] after Missy Elliott's [[2002]] success with her own studio album ''[[Under Construction]]'' and the delay of Monica's original third studio album ''[[All Eyez on Me (Monica album)|All Eyez On Me]]'' the year before. It was conceived during a studio session week in the [[Goldmind]] recordings studios in [[Miami, Florida]] in early [[2003]], with most of it being "done in probably three or four" hours. "'So Gone' takes you back to when people first heard me," Monica said in an interview with ''[[MTV News]]''. "It's got that feeling like no holds barred, not trying to cater to any one audience."<ref>{{cite web | title= "Monica Revises Leaked LP With Help From Missy Elliott"| work= vh1.com| url=http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1471325/20030416/monica.jhtml| accessdate= April 17|accessyear=2003}}</ref>

Lyrically, the "So Gone" protagonist sings about almost losing her mind over an unfaithful man. "The song is saying that I'm so gone that I'm not thinking straight," the singer told ''[[Jet Magazine]]''. "I do that sometimes because I'm pretty hard. She [Missy Elliott] may have taken some of the real life from me and put it into song."<ref>{{cite web | title= "Monica: shares life's lessons on new CD 'After The Storm'"| work= Jet Magazine| url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_5_104/ai_105917570| accessdate= July 28|accessyear=2003}}</ref> The track features additional production by duo Spike & Jamahl, and while singer [[Tweet]] and rapper [[Busta Rhymes]] joined the recording sessions to provide vocals for a [[remix]] version of the song, Elliott also proposed Monica to start rapping over the record - a venture, that would become "second nature" to her: "Missy kept telling me that I act like a rapper so she encouraged me to rap on "So Gone" and "[[Knock Knock (song)|Knock Knock]]." She would put together rhythms."<ref>{{cite web | title= "Monica: Portrait"| work= EJams.com| url=http://www.ejams.com/monica.htm| accessdate= January 27|accessyear=2007}}</ref>

==Music video==
[[Image:So gone video.jpg|thumb|160px|left|Monica in the [[Chris Robinson (director)|Chris Robinson]]-directed music video for "So Gone" (2003)]] The [[music video]] for "So Gone" was shot by director [[Chris Robinson (director)|Chris Robinson]], and produced by Dawn Rose for Partizan Entertainment. It was filmed in various locations throughout [[Miami]], [[Florida]] on [[April 1]] and [[April 2|2]], [[2003]].<ref>[http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1470858/20030331/monica.jhtml "Missy, DMX, Tyrese To Give Monica's New LP Extra Oomph"]. ''MTV News''. [[March 31]], [[2003]]. Retrieved on [[January 24]], [[2007]].</ref>, and features actor [[Derek Luke]] (''[[Antwone Fisher]]'') and producer [[Missy Elliott]], who makes a [[cameo appearance]] in a handful of scenes.

The plot of the video follows the single's topic of alleged infidelity, showing Monica as wounded girlfriend, who believes having discovered her man's hidden secret. "The video is like [Luke] and I are in a relationship," Monica told in an interview with ''[[MTV News]]''. "In my mind I think he's cheating. As you see in the video, my mind's playing tricks on me. I've destroyed his home and all this stuff for no reason. I get arrested as you would in real life." The video ends with Monica being taken away in a police cruiser, introducing a cliffhanger, which leads to the video for the album's second single, "[[Knock Knock (song)|Knock Knock]]."<ref>[http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1471325/20030416/monica.jhtml "Monica Revises Leaked LP With Help From Missy Elliott"]. ''MTV News''. [[April 17]], 2003. Retrieved on January 24, 2007.</ref>

The "So Gone" video premiered worldwide on [[April 23]], [[2003]] at the end on [[BET]]'s ''[[Access Granted]]''.<ref>[http://tvshows.aol.com/episode/-/access-granted/EP4570510065 Access Granted - Episode Details]. ''AOL.com''. Retrieved on [[January 24]], [[2007]].</ref> It charted well on several video-chart countdowns, including peak positions of number 2 on [[BET]]'s ''[[106 & Park]]'', and of number 6 on [[MTV]]'s ''[[TRL]]''.

==Chart performance==
"So Gone" was one of Monica's biggest commercial successes in years, debuting at number 66 and reaching number 10 on the U.S. ''Billboard'' [[Hot 100]]. The song's relatively high peak position on the Hot 100 contrasted with the chart performance of most of the singer's previous singles released between [[1999]] and [[2003]], some of which had failed to chart on the Hot 100 or even its "[[Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles|bubbling under]]" chart. It, however, became Monica's tenth domestical top 10 hit of her career and her first top 10 single since "[[Angel of Mine]]" in early 1999. "So Gone" stayed in the top forty for twenty weeks and was ranked thirty-ninth on the Hot 100 2003 year-end charts.

The song also spent five consecutive weeks at number one on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]] chart, becoming Monica's first chart topper since [[1998]]'s "[[The First Night]]" and sixth number-one hit in total.<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/yearend_chart_display.jsp?f=Hot+R%26B%2FHip-Hop+Songs&g=Year-end+Singles&year=2003 Billboard: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs - 2003 ]. ''Billboard.com''. Retrieved on [[January 27]], 2007.</ref> It was ranked fourth on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles 2003 year-end charts. The "[[Scum frog]] Club Mix" of the song also spend one week on top of the [[Hot Dance Club Play]] chart. Outside [[North America]], "So Gone" received a limited [[Vinyl|12" vinyl]] release only, and as a result achieved minor success in non-U.S. markets. While it still reached moderately successful number 17 on the Canadian chart, it peaked at number 77 on the [[UK singles chart]] only.

==Formats and tracklistings==
These are the formats and track listings of major single-releases of "So Gone".
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
=====US CD single I=====
# "So Gone" (radio edit)
# "So Gone" (album version)
# "So Gone" (remix; featuring [[Busta Rhymes]])
# "So Gone" (Part II)
# "[[U Should've Known Better]]"

=====US CD single II=====
# "So Gone" (album version)
# "[[All Eyez on Me (song)|All Eyez on Me]]" (urban radio edit)
{{col-2}}
=====Official remixes/versions=====
# "So Gone" (remix; featuring [[Busta Rhymes]] & [[Tweet]])
# "So Gone" (Remix; featuring [[Missy Elliott]])
# "So Gone" (Smach Your Dub mix)
# "So Gone" (full vocal edit mix)
# "So Gone" ([[Scum frog]] club mix)
{{col-end}}

== Credits and personnel ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Vocal|Lead vocals]]: Monica Arnold
* Background vocals: Monica Arnold
* Additional vocals: [[Tweet (singer)|Tweet]]
* Vocal production - Monica Arnold, [[Missy Elliott]]
{{col-2}}
* Assisted by Marcella Araica, and Javier Valeverde
* [[Audio mixing]] - Scott Kieklak
* [[Master recording|Mastered]] by Tom Coyne
* Recorded by Demacio Castellon at Hit Factory Criteria, [[Miami, Florida]]
{{col-end}}

== Charts ==
{| class="wikitable"
! width="240" |Chart (2003) !! Peak<br>position
|-
|align="left"|[[Canadian Singles Chart]]<ref name="amg">{{cite web | title=AMG: ''Billboard'' Singles | work=All Music Guide| url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:3ifexqtgldfe~T51| accessdate=2007-04-30}}</ref>
|align="center"|17
|-
|align="left"|U.S. [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]<ref name="amg">{{cite web | title=AMG: ''Billboard'' Singles | work=All Music Guide| url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:3ifexqtgldfe~T51| accessdate=2007-04-30}}</ref>
|align="center"|10
|-
|align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]]<ref name="amg">{{cite web | title=AMG: ''Billboard'' Singles | work=All Music Guide| url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:3ifexqtgldfe~T51| accessdate=2007-04-30}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
|align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' [[Hot Dance Club Play]]<ref name="amg">{{cite web | title=AMG: ''Billboard'' Singles | work=All Music Guide| url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:3ifexqtgldfe~T51| accessdate=2007-04-30}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon]]
*[[Number-one dance hits of 2003 (USA)]]
*[[R&B number-one hits of 2003 (USA)]]
*[[List of Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon]]
*[[Lists of incumbents]]

==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
</div>



{{start box}}
{{succession box
| before = "[[21 Questions]]" by [[50 Cent]] featuring [[Nate Dogg]]
| title = [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] [[List of number-one R&B hits (United States)|number-one single]]
| years = [[June 21]] [[2003]] – [[July 19]] [[2003]]
| after = "[[Crazy in Love (song)|Crazy in Love]]" by [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]] featuring [[Jay-Z]]
}}
{{start box}}
{{succession box
| before = "Play Your Part" by [[Deborah Cox]]
| title = [[Hot Dance Club Play|Billboard Hot Dance/Club Play]][[List of number-one dance hits (United States) | number-one single]]
| years = [[July 19]] [[2003]]
| after = "[[Intuition (song)|Intuition]]" by [[Jewel (singer)| Jewel]]
}}
{{end box}}
{{Monica}}


[[Category:2003 singles]]
[[Category:Presidents of Lebanon| ]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs number-one singles]]
[[Category:Lists of office-holders|Lebanon, List of Presidents of]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot Dance Club Play number-one singles]]
[[Category:Music videos directed by Chris Robinson]]
[[Category:Monica songs]]
[[Category:Songs that sample previously recorded songs]]


[[ar:قائمة رؤساء لبنان]]
[[it:So Gone]]
[[da:Libanons præsidenter]]
[[de:Liste der Staatsoberhäupter des Libanon]]
[[eo:Prezidentoj de Libano]]
[[fr:Présidents de la République libanaise]]
[[id:Daftar presiden Lebanon]]
[[it:Presidenti del Libano]]
[[he:נשיא לבנון]]
[[nl:Lijst van presidenten van Libanon]]
[[ja:レバノンの大統領]]
[[no:Liste over Libanons presidenter]]
[[pl:Prezydenci Libanu]]
[[pt:Anexo:Lista de presidentes do Líbano]]
[[sl:Seznam predsednikov Libanona]]
[[zh:黎巴嫩总统]]

Revision as of 19:33, 12 October 2008

Politics of Lebanon

Arab League Member State of the Arab League

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This page lists presidents of Lebanon. Though it is not specifically stated in the constitution, an unwritten understanding known as the National Pact (al-mithaq al-watani), agreed in 1943, has resulted in the holder of the post being a Maronite Christian in every electoral cycle since that time. Several of the presidents prior to 1943, while still Christian, came from other, non-Maronite sects.

Before Independence

After Independence

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Rulers.org - Lebanon

See also

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