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Coordinates: 53°28′17″N 07°29′01″E / 53.47139°N 7.48361°E / 53.47139; 7.48361
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{{For|the district|Aurich (district)}}
{{For|the district|Aurich (district)}}
{{Infobox German location
{{Infobox German location
|type =
|type = Town
|name = Aurich
|name = Aurich
|image_photo = Fussgängerzone Aurich.JPG
|image_photo = Fussgängerzone Aurich.JPG
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Aurich town centre's pedestrian zone
|image_caption = Pedestrian zone in Aurich
|image_flag = Flagge Aurich.svg
|image_coa = DEU Aurich COA.svg
|image_coa = DEU Aurich COA.svg
|coordinates = {{Coord|53|28|17|N|07|29|01|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{Coord|53|28|17|N|07|29|01|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
Line 13: Line 14:
|elevation = 4
|elevation = 4
|area = 197.21
|area = 197.21
|population = 40559
|postal_code = 26603–26607
⚫
|Stand = 2006-06-30
|postal_code = 26603 - 26607
|area_code = 04941
|area_code = 04941
|licence = AUR
|licence = AUR
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 52 001
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 52 001
|Straße = Bgm-Hippen-Platz 1
|website = {{URL|https://www.aurich.de/}}
|website = {{URL|https://www.aurich.de/}}
|mayor = Horst Feddermann<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik.niedersachsen.de/download/169156|title=Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen|date=April 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref>
|mayor = lukas W
|party = Independent}}
|leader_term = 2019&ndash;24
⚫
|party = Independent
}}


'''Aurich''' ({{audio|Aurich.ogg|German pronunciation}}; [[Low German]]: ''Auerk'', [[West Frisian language|West Frisian]]: ''Auwerk'') is a town in the [[East Frisia]]n region of [[Lower Saxony]], [[Germany]]. It is the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Aurich (district)|district of Aurich]] and is the second largest City in East Frisia, both in population, after [[Emden]], and in area, after [[Wittmund]].
'''Aurich''' ({{audio|Aurich.ogg|German pronunciation}}; [[East Frisian Low Saxon]]: ''Auerk'', [[West Frisian language|West Frisian]]: ''Auwerk'', {{lang-stq|Aurk}} {{IPA|stq|ˈau̯ɐk|}}) is a town in the [[East Frisia]]n region of [[Lower Saxony]], [[Germany]]. It is the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Aurich (district)|district of Aurich]] and is the second largest City in East Frisia, both in population, after [[Emden]], and in area, after [[Wittmund]].


==History==
==History==
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{{flag|Germany}} 1990–present
{{flag|Germany}} 1990–present
}}
}}
The history of Aurich dates back to the 13th century, when the settlement of ''Aurechove'' was mentioned in a [[Frisia]]n document called the ''[[Brokmerbrief]]'' in 1276. In 1517, [[Count Edzard]] from the House of [[Cirksena]] began rebuilding the town after an attack. He established the town centre, which is still in place today. In 1539, the land authorities were brought together in Aurich, making it the county capital and, later, [[East Frisia]], remaining the seat of the land authorities when East Frisia was inherited by the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] in 1744. After the [[Prussian Army]] was defeated in the [[Battle of Jena]] in 1807, Aurich became part of the [[Kingdom of Holland]] in 1808. In 1810, the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France and Aurich was made the capital of the [[Departments of France|department]] [[Ems-Oriental]] of the [[First French Empire]]. After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, it passed to the [[Kingdom of Hanover]] in 1815, and then was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and made part of the [[Province of Hanover]].
The history of Aurich dates back to the 13th century, when the settlement of ''Aurechove'' was mentioned in a [[Frisia]]n document called the ''[[Brokmerbrief]]'' in 1276. There are various hypotheses about the interpretation of the city name. It either refers to a person (Affo, East Frisian first name ) and his property (Reich) or it refers to waterworks on the fertile, water-rich lowland of the Aa (or Ehe) river, upon which the city was built; medieval realizations were Aurichove, Aurike, Aurikehove, Auerk, Auryke, Auwerckhove, Auwerick, Auwerck, Auwreke, Awerck, Awreke, Awrik, Auwerich and Aurickeshove .


In 1517, [[Count Edzard]] from the House of [[Cirksena]] began rebuilding the town after an attack. In 1539, the land authorities were brought together in Aurich, making it the county capital and, later, [[East Frisia]], remaining the seat of the land authorities when East Frisia was inherited by the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] in 1744. After the [[Prussian Army]] was defeated in the [[Battle of Jena]] in 1807, Aurich became part of the [[Kingdom of Holland]] in 1808. In 1810, the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France and Aurich was made the capital of the [[Departments of France|department]] [[Ems-Oriental]] of the [[First French Empire]]. After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, it passed to the [[Kingdom of Hanover]] in 1815, and then was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and made part of the [[Province of Hanover]].
⚫
From October 21, 1944, until December 23, 1944, a [[Nazi]] [[concentration camp]] was established in Aurich. The camp was a subcamp to the [[Neuengamme concentration camp]].<ref>The camp is listed as No. 51 Aurich, Kreis Aurich in the official German list.</ref>

⚫
From 21 October 1944, until 23 December 1944, a [[Nazi]] [[concentration camp]] was established in Aurich. The camp was a subcamp to the [[Neuengamme concentration camp]].<ref>The camp is listed as No. 51 Aurich, Kreis Aurich in the official German list.</ref>


After [[World War II]], Aurich became part of the new state of [[Lower Saxony]].
After [[World War II]], Aurich became part of the new state of [[Lower Saxony]].
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==Local council==
==Local council==
The local council has 40 members
The local council has 40 members
The elections in September 2016 showed the following results<ref>[https://www.aurich.de/wahlen/kommunal2016/03452001/html5/Ratswahl_NDS_Gemeinde_Stadt_Aurich.html www.aurich.de: ''Stadtratswahlen 2016''], abgerufen am 28. Dezember 2016.</ref>
The elections in September 2016 showed the following results<ref name="Kommunalwahlen 2016 in der Stadt Aurich 1997">{{cite web | title=Stadtratswahl – Gesamtergebnis | website=Kommunalwahlen 2016 in der Stadt Aurich | date=26 July 1997 | url=https://www.aurich.de/wahlen/kommunal2016/03452001/html5/Ratswahl_NDS_Gemeinde_Stadt_Aurich.html | language=de | access-date=22 February 2021 | archive-date=7 March 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307150350/https://www.aurich.de/wahlen/kommunal2016/03452001/html5/Ratswahl_NDS_Gemeinde_Stadt_Aurich.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]: 13 seats
*[[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]: 13 seats
*[[CDU/CSU|CDU]]: 11 seats
*[[CDU/CSU|CDU]]: 11 seats
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Aurich's coat of arms is drawn by the [[blazon]]: "Arms: Landscape with chief two-thirds sky and base third earth, a [[shield]] Gules emblazoned with letter '[[A]]' Or, an open-topped [[crown (headgear)|crown]] Or above, two growing [[tree]]s Vert at sides. Crown: A [[battlement]] Gules with three merlons and two embrasures. Supporters: Two [[branch]]es of [[mistletoe]] with [[leaf|leaves]] and [[berry|berries]] Or.".
Aurich's coat of arms is drawn by the [[blazon]]: "Arms: Landscape with chief two-thirds sky and base third earth, a [[shield]] Gules emblazoned with letter '[[A]]' Or, an open-topped [[crown (headgear)|crown]] Or above, two growing [[tree]]s Vert at sides. Crown: A [[battlement]] Gules with three merlons and two embrasures. Supporters: Two [[branch]]es of [[mistletoe]] with [[leaf|leaves]] and [[berry|berries]] Or.".


Note that the coat of arms of the eponymous district differs.
The coat of arms of the district with the [[Aurich (district)|same name]] is different.


==Twin towns – sister cities==
⚫
==Notable residents==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
{{sources|section|date=June 2020}}
Aurich is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Partnerstadt Appingedam|url=https://www.aurich.de/stadtinformationen/partnerstadt-appingedam.html|website=aurich.de|publisher=Aurich|language=de|access-date=4 February 2021|archive-date=9 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209085636/https://www.aurich.de/stadtinformationen/partnerstadt-appingedam.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
[[File:Eucken-im-Alter.png|thumb|150px|Rudolf Eucken]]
*{{flagicon|NED}} [[Appingedam]], Netherlands

⚫
==Notable people==
⚫
[[File:Eucken-im-Alter.png|thumb|140px|[[Rudolf Eucken]]]]
[[File:Ellen Frank 013363.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Ellen Frank (actress)|Ellen Frank]], 1938]]
*[[Johan II of East Frisia]] (1538–1591), co-regent of the [[County of East Frisia]].
*[[Enno III, Count of East Frisia]] (1563–1625), [[List of counts of East Frisia|Count of Ostfriesland]] from 1599 to 1625
*[[Liefmann Calmer]] (1711–1784), important personage in French Jewry of the eighteenth century
*[[Liefmann Calmer]] (1711–1784), important personage in French Jewry of the eighteenth century
*[[Johan Heinrich Becker]] (1715–1761), physician and chemist who settled in Norway.
*[[Rudolf von Jhering]] (1818–1892), jurist
⚫
*[[Karl Deichgräber]] (1903–1984), classical philologist
*[[Rudolf Eucken]] (1846–1926), German philosopher, winner of the 1908 [[Nobel Prize for Literature]]
⚫
*[[Karl Heinrich Ulrichs]] (1825–1895), writer
*[[Friedrich August Peter von Colomb]] (1775–1854), [[Prussia]]n general
*[[Friedrich August Peter von Colomb]] (1775–1854), [[Prussia]]n general
*[[Rudolf von Jhering]] (1818–1892), jurist.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Jhering, Rudolf von |volume= 15 |last= Ashworth |first= Philip Arthur |author-link= Philip Arthur Ashworth | pages = 413&ndash;414 |short= 1}}</ref>
*[[Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs]] (1819–1885), a pathologist
⚫
*[[Karl Heinrich Ulrichs]] (1825–1895), lawyer, jurist, journalist, and writer
*[[Ellen Frank (actress)|Ellen Frank]] (1904–1999), a film and TV actress.
*[[Laura Hillman]] (1923–2020), American writer and memoirist, and [[Holocaust]] survivor
*[[Rudolf Eucken]] (1846–1926), philosopher, winner of the 1908 [[Nobel Prize for Literature]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Eucken, Rudolf Christoph |volume= 9 | page = 878 |short= 1}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite EB1922 |wstitle= Eucken, Rudolf Christoph |volume = 31 |short= 1}}</ref>
*[[Georg von Eucken-Addenhausen]] (1855–1942), jurist, politician and mayor of [[Jena]].
*[[Luise Dornemann]] (1901–1992), a women's rights activist-politician and later, a writer.
⚫
*[[Karl Deichgräber]] (1903–1984), classical philologist
*[[Yitzhak Raveh]] (1906–1989), Israeli judge
*[[Yitzhak Raveh]] (1906–1989), Israeli judge
*[[Aloys Wobben]] (born 1952), German engineer
*[[Aloys Wobben]] (1952–2021), engineer
*[[Jan-Christian Dreesen]] (born 1967), chief financial officer of [[FC Bayern Munich|FC Bayern]].
*[[Uwe Rosenberg]] (born 1970), board game designer
*[[Stefan Lampadius]] (born 1976), actor and filmmaker.
*[[Frank Löning]] (born 1981), footballer who played 418 games
*[[Paul Ronzheimer]] (born 1985), journalist and war correspondent


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of subcamps of Neuengamme]]
*[[List of subcamps of Neuengamme]]


==Notes==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

===References===
⚫
*Official German list of concentration camps [https://web.archive.org/web/20090423004151/http://bundesrecht.juris.de/begdv_6/anlage_6.html Record of the concentration camp and its sub-camps] {{in lang|de}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Commons}}
{{EB1911 Poster|Aurich}}
*{{Official website}} {{in lang|de}}
*{{Official website}} {{in lang|de}}
⚫
*Official German list of concentration camps [https://web.archive.org/web/20090423004151/http://bundesrecht.juris.de/begdv_6/anlage_6.html Record of the concentration camp and its sub-camps] {{in lang|de}}


{{Cities and towns in Aurich (district)}}
{{Cities and towns in Aurich (district)}}

Revision as of 23:41, 30 April 2024

For the district, see Aurich (district).
Aurich
Town
Pedestrian zone in Aurich
Pedestrian zone in Aurich
Flag of Aurich
Flag
Coat of arms of Aurich
Coat of arms
Location of Aurich within Aurich district
HinteWirdum, GermanyIhlowSüdbrookmerlandKrummhörnEmdenNetherlandsLeer (district)Leer (district)WiesmoorAurichGroßefehnUpgant-SchottMarienhafeRechtsupwegLeezdorfOsteelHalbemondNordenBerumburGroßheideLütetsburgHageHagermarschDornumMemmertLütje HörnJuistNorderneyBaltrumAurich (district)Lower SaxonyWittmund (district)
Aurich is located in Germany
Aurich
Aurich
Aurich is located in Lower Saxony
Aurich
Aurich
Coordinates: 53°28′17″N 07°29′01″E / 53.47139°N 7.48361°E / 53.47139; 7.48361
CountryGermany
StateLower Saxony
DistrictAurich
Government
 • Mayor (2019–24) Horst Feddermann[1] (Ind.)
Area
 • Total197.21 km2 (76.14 sq mi)
Elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Population
 (2022-12-31)[2]
 • Total42,970
 • Density220/km2 (560/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
26603–26607
Dialling codes04941
Vehicle registrationAUR
Websitewww.aurich.de

Aurich (German pronunciationⓘ; East Frisian Low Saxon: Auerk, West Frisian: Auwerk, Saterland Frisian: Aurk [ˈau̯ɐk]) is a town in the East Frisian region of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Aurich and is the second largest City in East Frisia, both in population, after Emden, and in area, after Wittmund.

History

Historical affiliations

County of East Frisia 1464–1744
 Kingdom of Prussia 1744–1808
Netherlands Kingdom of Holland 1808–1810
 First French Empire 1810–1813
 Kingdom of Prussia 1813–1815
 Kingdom of Hanover 1815–1866
 Kingdom of Prussia 1866–1871
 German Empire 1871–1918
 Weimar Republic 1918–1933
 Nazi Germany 1933–1945
 Allied-occupied Germany 1945–1949
 West Germany 1949–1990
 Germany 1990–present

The history of Aurich dates back to the 13th century, when the settlement of Aurechove was mentioned in a Frisian document called the Brokmerbrief in 1276. There are various hypotheses about the interpretation of the city name. It either refers to a person (Affo, East Frisian first name ) and his property (Reich) or it refers to waterworks on the fertile, water-rich lowland of the Aa (or Ehe) river, upon which the city was built; medieval realizations were Aurichove, Aurike, Aurikehove, Auerk, Auryke, Auwerckhove, Auwerick, Auwerck, Auwreke, Awerck, Awreke, Awrik, Auwerich and Aurickeshove .

In 1517, Count Edzard from the House of Cirksena began rebuilding the town after an attack. In 1539, the land authorities were brought together in Aurich, making it the county capital and, later, East Frisia, remaining the seat of the land authorities when East Frisia was inherited by the Kingdom of Prussia in 1744. After the Prussian Army was defeated in the Battle of Jena in 1807, Aurich became part of the Kingdom of Holland in 1808. In 1810, the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France and Aurich was made the capital of the department Ems-Oriental of the First French Empire. After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, it passed to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815, and then was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and made part of the Province of Hanover.

From 21 October 1944, until 23 December 1944, a Nazi concentration camp was established in Aurich. The camp was a subcamp to the Neuengamme concentration camp.[3]

After World War II, Aurich became part of the new state of Lower Saxony.

Local council

The local council has 40 members The elections in September 2016 showed the following results[4]

  • SPD: 13 seats
  • CDU: 11 seats
  • AWG 4 seats
  • Gemeinsam für Aurich (GfA), 4 seats
  • Alliance 90/The Greens 3 seats
  • The Left 2 seats
  • Grün-Alternative Politik (GAP)(Green alternative politics) 2 seats
  • FDP, 1 seat

Coat of arms

Aurich's coat of arms is drawn by the blazon: "Arms: Landscape with chief two-thirds sky and base third earth, a shield Gules emblazoned with letter 'A' Or, an open-topped crown Or above, two growing trees Vert at sides. Crown: A battlement Gules with three merlons and two embrasures. Supporters: Two branches of mistletoe with leaves and berries Or.".

The coat of arms of the district with the same name is different.

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Aurich is twinned with:[5]

Notable people

Rudolf Eucken
Ellen Frank, 1938

See also

References

  1. ^ "Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen". Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen. April 2021.
  2. ^ "LSN-Online Regionaldatenbank, Tabelle A100001G: Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes, Stand 31. Dezember 2022" (in German). Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen.
  3. ^ The camp is listed as No. 51 Aurich, Kreis Aurich in the official German list.
  4. ^ "Stadtratswahl – Gesamtergebnis". Kommunalwahlen 2016 in der Stadt Aurich (in German). 26 July 1997. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  5. ^ "Partnerstadt Appingedam". aurich.de (in German). Aurich. Archived from the original on 9 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  6. ^ Ashworth, Philip Arthur (1911). "Jhering, Rudolf von" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 413–414.
  7. ^ "Eucken, Rudolf Christoph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 878.
  8. ^ "Eucken, Rudolf Christoph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 31 (12th ed.). 1922.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aurich.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Aurich".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurich&oldid=1221616181"