Baltrum
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 44 ' N , 7 ° 22' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Aurich | |
| Height : | 5 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 6.5 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 604 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 93 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 26579 | |
| Area code : | 04939 | |
| License plate : | AUR, NOR | |
| Community key : | 03 4 52 002 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BMR | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
House number 130 (Westdorf) | |
| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | vacant | |
| Location of the municipality of Baltrum in the Aurich district | ||
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Baltrum (formerly Balteringe ) is a German dune island in the southern North Sea off the coast of East Frisia in Lower Saxony . It lies in the middle of the chain of seven inhabited East Frisian Islands . In addition, Baltrum is the smallest unitary municipality in East Frisia, both in terms of population and area .
geography
Geographical location
Baltrum belongs to the island chain of the East Frisian Islands and is off the East Frisian Peninsula . The island has a length of five kilometers and a width of up to 1.4 kilometers. The area is currently around 6½ square kilometers. This makes it the smallest of the seven permanently inhabited East Frisian Islands in terms of area. The shortest distance to the mainland is around 4½ kilometers. Between the islands and the mainland are the tidal flats . Parts of the island and the Wadden Sea are part of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park .
In the west, Baltrum is separated from Norderney by Seegatt Wichter Ee and in the east by Seegatt Accumer Ee from Langeoog . The highest point on the island is located in the center of the island Aussichtsdüne with 19.3 m above sea level. NHN .
The populated part in the north-west of the island consists of three parts, the "West Village", the "East Village" and the "Old East Village". Baltrum has a ferry port , an airfield and various tourist facilities . With just over 500 inhabitants, Baltrum is the second smallest East Frisian community after Hagermarsch and by some distance the smallest unitary community . In terms of area, Baltrum is the ninth smallest municipality in the region and also the smallest among the unitary municipalities.
Land use
The division of land on the island of Baltrum is given in the following table:
| Land use (as of 2005) | Area in ha | Share in % |
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| Construction areas | 30th | 4.6 |
| Areas for common use | 3 | 0.5 |
| Traffic areas | 8th | 1.2 |
| Green spaces | 20th | 3.1 |
| other areas | 589 | 90.6 |
| Total area excluding coastal waters | 650 | 100.0 |
Areas for supply and disposal, areas for agriculture and forestry, water areas and areas for embankments and excavations are no longer shown separately since 2001, but are included in the "Other areas". In the last statistics from 1997 the following values were given: areas for supply and disposal (one hectare), water areas (five hectares) as well as areas for embankments and excavations (one hectare). Land for agriculture and forestry is not available on Baltrum.
climate
The climate of the island of Baltrum is subject to the direct influence of the North Sea and is therefore in the range of a temperate, summer-cool maritime climate influenced by the Gulf Stream . Due to the balancing effect of the North Sea, there are generally lower daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations as well as high humidity . On average, the temperatures on the island are cooler in summer and milder in winter than the values measured on the mainland. Spring sets in around two weeks later. From January to July, less precipitation is measured on the island and more from August to December than on the mainland. On average, the amount of precipitation is lower and the duration of sunshine is higher than on the mainland.
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Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Baltrum / Norderney
Source: weather-online.de name = "weather-online" />
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According to Wladimir Peter Köppen's climate classification , Baltrum is in the Cfb classification .
- Climate zone C : warm-temperate climate
- Climate type Cf : humid-temperate climate
- Climate subtype b : warm summers
The closest weather station is on the neighboring island of Norderney and is operated by the German Weather Service . The Norderney station with the station code 10113 has been providing freely available data for weather and climate monitoring since 1947 .
East migration of the island
The tides, the currents, the waves and the wind made great changes to the island of Baltrum over time. As on all East Frisian islands, the sand on the beaches moves with the prevailing wind direction from west to east. The western end of Baltrum was around 4½ kilometers to the west around 1650 and thus at a point where the eastern part of the neighboring island of Norderney is today. The east end of the island shifted at this time because of lying to the east sea channels Accumer Ee only about 1.4 kilometers. The island effectively lost several kilometers in length. Church buildings had to be relocated several times due to the heavy land loss. Since 1872/1873 man has tried to stop the loss of land with targeted coastal protection measures. For this purpose 14 groynes (groynes A to M) have been built on the island . The western head of the island between groynes B and D is additionally protected by a beveled revetment construction made of heavy armourstones, which is inclined at a ratio of 1: 4 and which is also used as a promenade with two walkways in the upper part. In the area of groyne B and E to N, there is another sloping revetment with a berm . Nevertheless, the storm surges repeatedly cause considerable damage in the winter months.
history
The geographers Strabo and Pliny gave evidence of the island's existence as early as the 1st century before and after Christ.
Chieftain's time: first documented mention
During the chief's time from 1350 to 1464, the East Frisian Islands belonged to the domain of the tom Brok family . Baltrum was first mentioned in a document in 1398 when Widzel tom Brok transferred Balteringe (like the other East Frisian islands) to Duke Albrecht of Bavaria and then received it back from him as a fief .
Among the Cirksena
On October 1, 1464, Emperor Friedrich III. Ulrich Cirksena to the imperial count status. After the Cirksena had been granted the dignity of count, they began to divide their territory into individual administrative units, and an office structure was created . The counts used the existing castles in East Friesland as central contact points, including Berum Castle near Hage . From then on, the island of Baltrum belonged to the office of Berum, which supervised the affairs of the island for the sovereign in Aurich and appointed an island bailiff for this purpose. Often it was also the island pastor.
In the 17th century Baltrum had the typical elongated shape of a barrier island like Norderney or Juist today. In the course of the following years, it lost massive amounts of land at the west end without gaining any comparable land at the east end in return. Between 1650 and 1960 the island moved about five kilometers to the east at the west end, whereas the east end was only shifted about 1½ kilometers to the east. From the visit by a commission in 1650 it is reported that the 14 inhabitants of the dune island at that time were endangered by the sea.
The inhabitants of Baltrum lived around 1700 mainly from fishing and other animals in the sea and on the island. Accordingly, they also paid taxes primarily in kind. The East Frisian Count's House received 26 dried plaice per head of the population in 1700 . The pastor in Hage received 200 of them , the rest to the bailiff in Berum . In addition, the islanders had to deliver the rabbits , which are numerous on the East Frisian Islands , as well as eggs from birds such as the lapwing , seagull and tern .
In 1737 there was an island village with an island church, which was abandoned around 1800 because it was silted up by moving dunes. As a new village, about 800 meters west of today's island (in the area of today's Othelloplatte, a sandbank between Baltrum and Norderney), the west village was built. In addition, there was the eastern village in the east. After a storm surge in 1825, which tore the island into several parts and made it almost uninhabitable, the western village was abandoned.
Prussian time
In the second half of the 18th century, oysters were raised and caught on or near Baltrum . Sometimes the islanders caught the oysters on their own, sometimes the oyster beds were leased to people outside the island. This task also fell to the island bailiff. In those days, fishing was not only for plaice, but also for eel , haddock and cod , the former being caught with fish traps near the island.
A special kind of export was Schill , which was obtained from the empty shells of cockles in the mudflats. Due to swell and currents, the mussel shells of dead animals are deposited in tides or the bulges of the sea gates . They were either collected from the beach at low tide or by boat. They then sold the Schill to lime distilleries on the mainland, which used it to produce lime mortar as a building material. According to a report by the Berum office, all ships were on their way to fishing in the summer, which lasts from early April to early November. The living conditions of the islanders would have improved significantly through the sale. In addition to the mussel shells of dead animals, the islanders also caught live cockles for consumption.
19th century
In 1810 a French coastal battery was built on Baltrum to enforce the continental barrier . From about 1870 island protection works were carried groynes , wooden palisades and semi-massive, later massive revetments created. On the island, dykes protect the built-up area against flooding.
In 1876, Baltrum followed the example of the other East Frisian islands and became a “seaside resort”. From humble beginnings, tourism developed very slowly. The first hotel on the island was opened in 1892 with the “Hotel Küper”, followed by the second in 1895 with the “Hotel zur Post”. In 1900 450 guests were counted, in 1912 540 guests. From 1912 motor sailing ships ensured the traffic between the mainland and Baltrum for the first time, but there was no regular line.
20th century
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In autumn 1923 the painter Paul Klee came to the island with his wife Lily and son Felix for summer vacation . During his three-week stay on the island he created a total of 16 watercolors and 3 drawings. Today the works referred to as North Sea pictures are regarded as a separate style epoch in Klee's work.
In 1927 Wilhelm Vogel (1882–1966), who had been a teacher at Baltrum since 1902, was retired because of a war injury from the First World War . Then Vogel, who was married to a woman from Baltrum, took over the post of bathing director and was primarily responsible for the bathing administration. In the 1920s he created the island's advertising slogan "Baltrum - The Sleeping Beauty of the North Sea" and founded the guest magazine "Die Inselglocke", which appeared for the first time in the summer of 1927 and is still published today. Vogel played a key role in many infrastructure projects on the island. From 1930 to 1936 he was also the mayor of the community. The municipality of Baltrum honored his services to Baltrum in an obituary with the words:
"He played a decisive role in the development of our spa and directed the fortunes of Baltrum with energy, vision and a high sense of responsibility."
In 1927 the ferry "Baltrum I" was put into service. It drove the Baltrum - Norddeich route between mid-May and mid-September and took around 2 hours for the route. A year later, on April 2, 1928, the "Baltrum-Line Albers, Meyer & Küper" was founded, which from then on served the island regularly in the summer months. Due to the regular ferry traffic, the number of guests increased slowly. If 1095 guests came before the line was founded in 1922, in 1928 there were already 3480 guests. This number rose to around 5,000 guests by 1936. With the beginning of the Second World War in September 1939, tourism came to a standstill.
Reconstruction began after the war. As early as 1948, with 4507 guests, the pre-war level had almost been reached again. In 1949 Baltrum was officially recognized as a spa . During the economic boom , the number of guests increased sharply (9,000 guests in 1953 and 10,200 guests in 1955). Baltrum has been a state-recognized North Sea spa since 1966.
Etymology of the island name
The origin of the island name is not clear and there are several theories. The island was first mentioned in the 11th century as "Baldatringe", then in 1398 in a loan document as "Balteringe". The more recent research assumes that the person name Baldrad is with the collective suffix -ing- , later with the suffix -um "home". The older research, however, meant that it was an old Frisian word for "pasture land". There is also a thesis that the name is derived from the god Balder . Balder was a son of the Germanic gods Odin and Frigg .
politics
In contrast to East Friesland as a whole, which has been a stronghold of the SPD for decades, no such clear statement can be made for Baltrum. At least in the early decades of the Federal Republic of Germany, Baltrum was a CDU stronghold and remained so. In the federal election in 1949 there was a majority for the FDP , as on all East Frisian islands with the exception of Borkum and as in large parts of the Wittmund district . In the federal elections in 1953 , the liberals had to give the CDU the majority, and on Baltrum it even achieved an absolute majority of the votes. The same was true for the 1969 Bundestag election , and also in the "Willy Brandt election" in 1972 , which brought the SPD a record result in East Friesland and penetrated some of the previous CDU bastions, the municipality area remained a support for the CDU, albeit “Only” with a relative majority. In the 2005 Bundestag election, the majority of the Baltrumers voted for the SPD. In that election, however, there were only three municipalities in East Frisia in which the CDU landed before the Social Democrats ( Uplengen , Jümme and Juist ).
Municipal council
The council of the municipality of Baltrum consists of eight council members. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 501 and 1000 inhabitants. The council members are elected for a five-year term by local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021. The full-time mayor is also entitled to vote in the municipal council. From March 10, 2013 to June 8, 2020, this was the directly elected Mayor Berthold Tuitjer.
The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:
| Political party | Proportional votes | Number of seats |
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| CDU | 43.5% | 4th |
| Community of voters Together for Baltrum | 41.6% | 3 |
| Voting community Baltrum 21 | 14.9% | 1 |
The voter turnout in the 2016 local elections was 76%, well above the Lower Saxony average of 55.5%.
mayor
In the last mayoral election in 2013, the non-party Berthold Tuitjer prevailed against two other applicants with 64.4%. Tuitjer replaced the CDU candidate Antje Wietjes-Paulick, who has retired. The preferred candidate of the majority of the Baltrumer Council won on Sunday, March 10, 2013, with 64.4% of the votes, which corresponds to 250 pieces, ahead of Udo Bengen with 32% (125 votes) and Uwe Ahlers 3.4% (13th Votes) the mayoral election. The turnout was around 90%.
Representatives in the Land and Bundestag
The municipality of Baltrum belongs to the state electoral district 87 Wittmund / Insel , which includes the entire district of Wittmund and the cities of Norderney and Wiesmoor , the municipality of Dornum and the island communities of Juist and Baltrum in the Aurich district . 15 parties ran for the state elections in Lower Saxony in 2017 . Six of these parties have put up direct candidates. The directly elected MP is Jochen Beekhuis from the SPD .
In Bundestag elections, Baltrum belongs to constituency 24 Aurich - Emden . This includes the city of Emden and the district of Aurich. In the 2017 federal election , the social democrat Johann Saathoff was directly elected. No party candidate from the constituency entered the Bundestag via the parties' list.
badges and flags
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Blazon : "In blue on a golden three-mountain, a golden bell gallows with a golden bell, each with a six-pointed golden spur wheel ." |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The bell-shaped alga has been the symbol of the island since the middle of the 19th century and therefore the main character of the coat of arms. The two golden spur wheels as well as the basic colors gold and blue indicate that they belong to the former northern district : The spur wheels are taken from the coat of arms of the Idzinga chief family from the north and can be found not only in the coat of arms of the north, but also in many other coats of arms of communities in the Norderlandes . The Dreiberg and the colors gold and blue are also supposed to symbolize sand and sea. |
The flag of Baltrum consists of two horizontal stripes of equal width - blue at the top and yellow at the bottom. In the middle is the island's coat of arms.
Culture and sights
Museums and exhibitions
The local history museum in the old customs house was opened on May 24, 2007 by Heimatverein Baltrum eV in the former home of the island’s customs officials. The exhibition in the basement of the Bummer shows a local history and a natural history part in four rooms and two galleries. The museum is visited by around 5500 tourists and locals every year.
The Baltrum National Park House was opened in 1987 in the former shed of the Baltrum Line shipping company . The focus of the exhibition is on the subject of tides .
Attractions
The old island church is the second oldest surviving church on an East Frisian island. It was built in 1826 as an Evangelical Lutheran church and can only accommodate around 50 people. As a “bell tower”, the old island church has a simple wooden frame next to the church building, in which the bell of a Dutch sailing ship stranded off the island hangs. The "island bell" is the island's landmark and can also be found in the island's coat of arms . Today, after being used as a Catholic church and morgue, the church is only used for weddings and baptisms as well as for cultural events.
The Great Evangelical Lutheran Island Church is the main church of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation and offers space for 300 people. It was built in 1929/1930 as a replacement for the old island church, which became too small after the First World War due to the steadily increasing number of island guests. In 1959 the church received its two side aisles , in 1964/1965 the church tower was also increased and the previous single bell was supplemented by two more smaller bells.
The Church of St. Nicholas is the Catholic island church in Baltrums. The foundation stone for the church was laid on St. Nicholas Day in 1956, and the inauguration took place on Ascension Day in 1957. The church consists of a closed part (winter church) and a forecourt with a thatched roof (summer church). The winter church can accommodate around 50 people. The summer church is only used in the main season and is designed for up to 300 people. The architect of the church is Heinrich Feldwisch-Drentrup from Osnabrück. The glass windows were created by Margarete Franke .
The historic pile protection structure is a historic breakwater and is located on the southwest flank of the island between the west head and the harbor. The approximately 300-meter-long wooden structure is part of a coastal protection system that spanned and secured the entire western head of the island between 1883 and 1889. The system consists of supported piles and square timbers, which serve as breakwaters during storm surges. Systems of this type were also used on the other East Frisian islands, but this construction principle has not proven itself. The west head of Baltrums was therefore replaced between 1921 and 1928 by a solid concrete structure with an S-shaped cross-section. Only in the not so endangered beach section between Westkopf and Hafen the original wooden construction was preserved. In the years 1930/1931 it was completely renovated and later placed under monument protection as a "protected monument" . As part of extensive renovation work on the revetment of the west head, the existing pile protection structure was repaired again in 2008.
The Baltrumer Gezeitenpfad is a seven-kilometer-long educational trail that was opened in 2006 to mark the 20th anniversary of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park . The path begins at the mudflats at the harbor, leads over the coastal protection systems at the western head of the island, crosses the beach and the island, leads over the dunes through dune valleys, comes back to the west at the Hellerwiesen and ends in the Baltrum National Park House . The information boards at the 22 stations along the path provide insights into the tides, the island's history, coastal and nature conservation as well as the development of tourism on Baltrum. Five stations are interactive stations that invite you to experiment.
Green spaces
The rose garden is a small green area on the island of Baltrum. It is located in a small pine forest between the west and east villages. The rose garden is maintained and further developed by a voluntary community, the so-called Baltrumer Rosengartengemeinschaft, and is considered to be the smallest spa park in Germany.
societies
The culture and sports club KSV Baltrum eV is the largest club on the island with over 420 members in around 20 branches. Around 80% of the island's population are club members. The association was founded in November 1965 by 44 members. At that time amateur play, gymnastics, table tennis and cobigolf were established as branches, and fencing and swimming were added in the following year. Football, Boßeln , but also Nordic walking , belly dance and body styling are further club branches today. The KSV theater group with around 45 players is the largest division in the club and provides entertainment on the island during the tourist season with three plays alternating weekly. The game is usually played in the island's gym.
In March 1989 the Heimatverein Baltrum eV was founded. The aim of the association is to preserve the island's cultural heritage. In 1998 the association acquired the semi-detached house "Baltrumer Haus Nr. 18" from 1855 and converted it into the "Altes Zollhaus" museum. The museum name refers to the original purpose of the building, which was built by the customs authorities for their two customs officers working on Baltrum with their families. Since May 2007 mainly exhibits on local history and natural history have been shown here. The association's assembly hall, which was completed in 2008, is located on the upper floor of the museum. In 2009 the Heimatverein had around 160 members.
The Baltrumer Boots-Club eV from 1967 has around 100 members and operates the small Baltrumer sport boat harbor, which has space for around 50 sport and sailing boats. The marina depends on the tide and can only be entered at high tide.
The association Baltrum Aktiv , founded in 2014, is committed to funding projects for the benefit of young people and other island institutions. He realized the living advent calendar .
Regular events
- May: "Inselwitz" - cartoons on the beach! Germany's cartoonists draw and exhibit on the island of Baltrum (since 2010)
- June: "Sea Homeopathy Seminar" - international homeopathic week for doctors (since 2009)
- July: Baltrum guest tennis tournament (since 1957)
- July: "Sleeping Beauty rocks" - Two-day rock festival with several bands (since 2005)
- September: Bridge tournament for the North Sea Cup (since 1994)
- September: Aloha Kite Cup (since 2008)
Economy and Infrastructure
tourism
In 1876, Baltrum became a “seaside resort”, but tourism development was slow. Baltrum has been a state-recognized North Sea spa since 1966. The Hotel Küper was opened in 1892 and the Hotel zur Post in 1895. Before the Second World War , 5,000 to 6,000 visitors came per season, in 1960 almost 17,000, and since the 1970s there have been over 30,000 guests per season. In addition to the approximately 500 inhabitants, there are always around 3000 guests on the island during the season, which means that the accommodation capacity is exhausted. Compared to other islands, tourism on Baltrum was promoted relatively late.
In the west village is the spa and remedy center with the "SindBad", a modern spa and wellness center rebuilt in 1999. In addition to a sauna and bathing area, it also houses the spa facilities for the spa treatments offered by the spa administration, a seawater therapy pool and a wellness area with a practice for physiotherapy.
The Lower Saxony Gymnastics Federation has been running the "Baltrum Youth Education Center" (JuBi) in the east of the island since 1967. A house with 25 beds is available for the facility in winter and in the transitional seasons. In summer, a campground extends the offer to around 100 places. The youth education center is open all year round and is also available to schools, students and club groups. Around 14,000 overnight stays are counted every year. The youth education center celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2007 and was visited by the then Prime Minister of Lower Saxony, Christian Wulff . Tents and camping is not allowed anywhere else on Baltrum.
Baltrum has been advertising with the advertising slogan "Baltrum - Sleeping Beauty of the North Sea" since the 1920s . In a slight variation “Baltrum - My Sleeping Beauty of the North Sea”, the slogan is still used today. The slogan is attributed to the former bathing director and mayor of the island Wilhelm Vogel (1882–1966), who took over the management of the bathing administration in 1927 and then played a decisive role in the development of tourism.
Baltrum has joined the marketing organization Die Nordsee GmbH in Schortens for the tourist marketing of the island . The organization represents the seven East Frisian Islands and 15 coastal towns in Lower Saxony. She is responsible for joint press work, marketing, holding trade fairs and events, creating print media and classifying private holiday accommodation.
traffic
Island traffic
Since there is a traffic ban for motor vehicles across the island by sign 250 StVO with the additional sign “Horse-drawn vehicles and bicycles free”, Baltrum is a largely car-free island. Exceptions are the vehicles of the volunteer fire brigade , an ambulance and, if necessary, wheel loaders or self-propelled machines that are required for the purpose of coastal protection .
On Baltrum there are no official street names, only house numbers, in 2009 there were just over 300. The number is assigned in ascending order according to the time the house was built. In this way, the house number allows a rough insight into the structural history. However, the house number is not linked to the building, but to the building site. Therefore, a new building can have a very low number if it was built to replace an older, demolished house.
There is no bike rental on Baltrum ; tourists are asked not to bring bicycles to the island. The local carriage drivers take over the " local public transport " with their taxi carriages. Shops and restaurants are supplied by horse and cart. Tourists carry their luggage with a "rocker" ( carts ) or a wagon for the visitors, or let themselves and their luggage by horse transport. As a result of the exclusion of motorized individual traffic, the usual distinction between areas for flowing and stationary traffic can largely be dispensed with.
When the tide is low , Baltrum can be reached on foot from the port of Neßmersiel on a guided hike in around two and a half hours through the mudflats to the port of Baltrum.
Shipping
Depending on the tide, Baltrum is approached from Neßmersiel by ferries belonging to the Baltrum-Linie shipping company, which was founded in 1928 . The journey time is around 30 minutes. Depending on the time of year and travel time, there are one to a maximum of four departures per day in each direction. The luggage of the holidaymakers is loaded into containers before departure and then transported on the same ferry. The highlight of the crossing are the seal banks off the island of Norderney , which the ship passes by. The shipping company operates its own bus connection to the north station . After the freight traffic with the supply ship Baltrum II was previously handled via the port of Norddeich , this has been done since 2006 via the port of Neßmersiel, which was inaugurated in June 1970, and which was expanded by a 35-meter-long freight quay from April to August 2008.
Air traffic
The island can also be reached by air for small planes via the Baltrum airfield .
Rail transport
From 1949 to 1985, Baltrum owned a small island railway ( gauge 600 millimeters) with a small route network. It served exclusively to transport goods.
Rescue station of the DGzRS
The adverse current conditions and dangerous shallows between the East Frisian Islands can be very dangerous for shipping . Even before the foundation of the German Society for Rescue of Shipwrecked People (DGzRS), there was a rescue station of the Emden Association for the rescue of shipwrecked people on the East Frisian coast since 1862 . The association was taken over by the DGzRS in 1868 and regularly received new lifeboats until the station was temporarily closed in 1949 .
With the stationing of the seven-meter-long Tamina , the DGzRS put the station back into operation in 1972. The small boat remained in service for 22 years and was replaced in 1994 by a more modern lifeboat of the 8.5 meter class . After 10 years the DGzRS relocated the Baltrum to Horumersiel and in 2004 stationed a new boat of the 9.5 / 10.1 meter class with a completely closed wheelhouse. For the island's voluntary sea rescuers, the Elli Hoffmann-Röser is located at the pier in the ferry port in front of the station building, which was newly built in 2002.
media
Baltrum is in the catchment area of two daily newspapers, Ostfriesischer Kurier and Ostfriesen-Zeitung . The Kurier has been the home newspaper for the city of Norden and the Norderland including the North Sea islands of Norderney , Juist and Baltrum since July 2, 1867 . According to his own statements, he has a market share of 90 percent there. In addition, the islanders receive the weekly newspaper "Echo" from the same publisher. In addition, Baltrum is in the circulation area of the only regionally published daily newspaper in Ostfriesland, the Ostfriesen-Zeitung from Leer . Due to the tide-dependent ferry schedules, the mainland newspapers are delivered to the island daily by plane. The Baltrum magazine "Die Inselglocke" appears six times a year during the main season. In addition, a Christmas edition appears every December. The publisher of the 16-page magazine is the Heimatverein Baltrum eV The circulation is 1000 copies. The community radio broadcaster Radio Ostfriesland also reports (albeit not regularly) from the community .
education
The only school on Baltrum is the "Inselschule Baltrum" in the west village "House no. 109 ". The school is elementary, secondary and secondary school at the same time. In 2011 around 50 students were taught by six teachers. Because of the small number of students, the students are put into double classes and taught together. Schoolchildren from the island who want to do their Abitur attend the Lower Saxony boarding high school in Esens . Over 90 percent of the students at the boarding school come from the East Frisian Islands.
Personalities
Sons and daughters
- Tjark Evers (1845–1866)
Connected to the island
The following people were not born on Baltrum, but worked on site:
- Wilhelm Vogel (born January 24, 1882 in Eilshausen ; † March 1966), teacher, bathing director and mayor of Baltrum
literature
- Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island . Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986.
- Heidi Gansohr-Meinel: Baltrum. A small island and its inhabitants. A tour . Brune-Mettcker-Verlag, Jever 2001.
- Richard Pott: Color Atlas North Sea Coast and North Sea Islands: Selected examples from the southern North Sea from a geobotanical perspective . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3350-4 .
Web links
- Official website of the island community . Baltrum municipality. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
- Table sheet from 1930
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Lower Saxony map - city map 1: 25,000 for exact planning . Authority for Geoinformation, Rural Development and Real Estate (GLL) of the federal state of Lower Saxony. Retrieved March 25, 2009.
- ↑ NLS-Online: Table Z00100001 Land use types - 452002 Baltrum State Office for Statistics and Communication Technology Niedersachsen-Online (LSKN), accessed on July 24, 2011.
- ↑ Climate in the area of the East Frisian Islands , accessed on July 13, 2011.
- ↑ The climate in Norderney. Weather-online, accessed February 3, 2020 .
- ^ Indices data. In: www.ecad.eu. Retrieved January 17, 2019 .
- ↑ Overview of the stations with freely available values . German Weather Service (DWD). Retrieved July 13, 2011.
- ^ Information brochure on coastal protection for the island of Baltrum , accessed on July 25, 2011.
- ^ Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island. Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986, p. 14.
- ^ Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island. Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986, p. 14.
- ^ Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island. Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986, p. 14.
- ^ Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island. Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986, p. 17.
- ↑ a b c History of the Baltrum Line (PDF; 1.2 MB), accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt: Baltrum - The Sleeping Beauty of the Islands , accessed on July 16, 2011.
- ↑ island Baltrum Bell: "Wilhelm Vogel - An Island Life" ( Memento of 11 May 2015, Internet Archive ), accessed 24 July 2011
- ^ Arend Remmers: From Aaltukerei to Zwischenmooren. Leer 2004, p. 28.
- ↑ On the origin of the name of our island . Heimatverein Baltrum eV. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
- ↑ Klaus von Beyme : The political system of the Federal Republic of Germany: An introduction , VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-33426-3 , p. 100, limited preview in the Google book search, accessed on July 21, 2013.
- ^ Theodor Schmidt: Analysis of the statistics and relevant sources on the federal elections in East Frisia 1949-1972. Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1978, p. 72, for the following statistical information on the Bundestag elections up to 1972 see also the cartographic appendix there.
- ^ Ostfriesen-Zeitung, September 19, 2005, p. 9.
- ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on December 30, 2016.
- ↑ Mayor's seat vacant. Retrieved June 10, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Baltrum has chosen, as of September 11, 2016 , accessed on December 30, 2016
- ^ Inselgemeinde Baltrum: Virtual Town Hall - Councilors , accessed on December 30, 2016
- ↑ The CDU gets the most votes nationwide. September 12, 2016, accessed December 30, 2016 .
- ↑ a b Baltrum-Online.de: Baltrum has voted . Article dated March 10, 2013, accessed July 4, 2017.
- ↑ Emder wants to become mayor of the island , accessed on July 10, 2013.
- ^ Nordwest-Zeitung: Bundestag election: These members represent our region . In: NWZonline . ( nwzonline.de [accessed September 29, 2017]).
- ↑ Klemens Stadler: The municipal coats of arms of the federal states of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein (= German coat of arms . Volume 5 ). Bremen 1970, p. 21 .
- ^ Gerhard Canzler: Baltrum. The history of the North Sea island. Verlag AHF Dunkmann, Aurich 1986, p. 141.
- ^ Presentation of the museum , accessed on July 16, 2011.
- ^ National Park House Baltrum , accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ Revetment renovation Baltrum . Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation (NLWKN). January 15, 2009. Retrieved March 22, 2009.
- ↑ Information brochure on the tide path (PDF; 750 kB), accessed on January 2, 2016.
- ↑ Experience nature: Map of the Baltrum tidal path ( memento from September 8, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ New benches in the rose garden , accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ KSV Baltrum , accessed on July 13, 2011.
- ^ Presentation of the Heimatverein Baltrum eV , accessed on July 13, 2011.
- ^ Members of the Heimatverein Baltrum e. V. , accessed on July 13, 2011.
- ↑ Baltrumer Bootshafen , accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ Baltrum Aktiv eV , accessed on February 28, 2016.
- ↑ Baltrum Youth Education Center , accessed on July 25, 2011.
- ↑ Summer trip of Prime Minister Wulff ( Memento from July 22, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on November 18, 2018.
- ↑ Die Nordsee GmbH - We about us ( Memento from November 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 11, 2011.
- ^ Island railways in Germany: Baltrum . Malte Werning. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
- ^ Station Baltrum of the DGzRS. In: seenotretter.de. German Society for the Rescue of Shipwrecked People, accessed on June 28, 2020 .
- ↑ a b ostfriesischer-kurier.de: History , accessed on January 2, 2016.
- ↑ The island Bell , accessed on July 26, 2011th
- ↑ Inselschule Baltrum - school yard behind the dike (PDF; 282 kB), accessed on August 12, 2012.
Borkum | Bant | Lütje Hörn | Brauerplate | Tile plate | Memmert | Juist | Norderney | Baltrum | Langeoog | Spiekeroog | Wangerooge | Minsener Oog | Mellum
Aurich | Baltrum | Berumbur | Dornum | Großefehn | Großheide | Hage | Hagermarsch | Half moon | Rear | Ihlow | Juist | Krummhörn | Leezdorf | Lütetsburg | Marienhafe | North | Norderney | Osteel | Rechtsupweg | South Brookmerland | Upgant bulkhead | Wiesmoor | Willum
Non- parish area in the Aurich
Memmert district
|
The next island to the west: Norderney |
East Frisian Islands |
The next island to the east: Langeoog |