García Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio

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In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Álvarez de Toledo and the second or maternal family name is Osorio.
The Siege of Malta - Flight of the Ottomans by Matteo Perez d'Aleccio, showing Don García's relief force battling the retreating Ottomans.

García Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, 4th Marquess of Villafranca del Bierzo (29 August 1514 – 31 May 1577), was a Spanish general and politician.

Biography

He was born at Villafranca del Bierzo, the son of Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Maquesss of Villafranca, Viceroy of Naples between 1532 and 1553. His mother was Juana Pimentel, Marchioness of Villafranca del Bierzo. The famous Duke of Alba, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, was his first cousin. Among his many siblings was Eleonora of Toledo, wife of Cosimo I, Grand Duke of Tuscany.

He started his military career under the command of Andrea Doria in the galleys of Naples, as commander of two ships. In 1535, already the commander of six galleys, he distinguished himself in the battles of La Goletta, Tunis, the partial spanish victory at Algiers in 1541, the victories of Sfax, Calibria and Mebredia. After this he was named Capitain General of the Galleys of Naples and launched several sucesseful campaigns against ottoman pirates based in modern-day albania.

He was Capitain General of the expedition to Greece, where he freed a numbers of christian slaves and destroyed a considerable numbers of ottoman fortress, and Capitán General del Mar, a title he received in 1544 after having beaten Hayreddin Barbarossa numerous time. He was Viceroy of Catalonia between 1558 and 1564. He then became Colonel General of the Infantry of the Kingdom of Naples and finally, between 1564 and 1566, Viceroy of Sicily.

As Viceroy of Sicily he accomplished three great achievements: the reconquest of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera in 1564, the relief of the Siege of Malta (1565), where he captured a number of ottoman ships, including [[flagship|barbarossa's son flagship], and the bombing of Algier. For these victories he received from King Philip II of Spain the titles Duke of Fernandina and Prince of Montalbán on 24 December 1569. He died at Naples in 1577.

Marriage and children

In 1552,[1] in Naples, the Duke married Donna Vittoria Colonna, the daughter of Don Ascanio Colonna, 2nd Duke of Paliano, and Giovanna d'Aragona and the niece of famed poet and diplomat Vittoria Colonna, with whom she shares a name. They had six children:

He also had two illegitimate children:

  • Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, Señor de Gaipuli;
  • Delia de Toledo, a Carmelite nun.

Ancestry

References

  1. ^ Crews, Daniel A. (2008-10-22). Twilight of the Renaissance: The Life of Juan de Valdes. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781442692978.
Government offices
Preceded by Viceroy of Catalonia
1558–1564 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Viceroy of Sicily
1564–1566 		Succeeded by
Spanish nobility
Preceded by Marquess of
Villafranca del Bierzo
1554–1577 		Succeeded by
New title Duke of Fernandina
1568–1577
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