Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
| Camino Real de Tierra Adentro | |
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UNESCO world heritage 
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| Camino Real de Tierra Adentro |
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| National territory: |
 Mexico
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| Type: | Culture |
| Criteria : | ii, iv |
| Reference No .: | 1351 |
| UNESCO region : | Latin America and the Caribbean |
| History of enrollment | |
| Enrollment: | 2010 (session 34) |
The Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (also Camino de la Plata = "Silver Road") forms a network of historical trade routes between Mexico City and the silver mines in the north, controlled by the Spanish colonial rulers , all the way to Santa Fe , today USA .
history
Mexico
For three centuries from the mid-16th century, the route was mainly used to transport silver from the silver cities of Mexico such as Zacatecas , Guanajuato and San Luis Potosí to Mexico City. The way there was through caravanserai-like forts (see Ojuelos de Jalisco ) and through haciendas against attacks by the Indios, v. a. secured by the guachichiles . In Mexico City, the silver was finally registered and loaded for onward transport via the ports of Veracruz on the Gulf Coast to Spain and Acapulco to China . With the gradual decline in silver mining in the 17th and 18th centuries. Century, but at the latest with the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence (1810-1821), the old trade route lost its importance.
1 August 2010 60 sites were along the Mexican part of the Camino Real in the World Heritage Site of UNESCO added.
United States
The mercury needed to extract the silver came from the mines in the north . The wealth thus gained aroused the colonial interest of the Spaniards and gave the incentive to continue exploring and colonizing the continent. The route of the "Silver Road" was successively extended to over the Rio Grande near El Paso , Texas and to New Mexico in what is now the United States.
From 1830 to 1846, Texas and New Mexico were separated from the Republic of Mexico and incorporated as US states.
The trail was added to the List of Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1986 .
In 2000, the section of the El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro in the United States between the Mexican-American border at El Paso and Santa Fe with a length of 404 miles (650 km) was named Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail in added to the National Trails System . The National Park Service and the Bureau of Land Management coordinate the various memorials and museums and provide maps and uniform signage.
Affiliated World Heritage Sites
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See also
- Cristóbal de Oñate
- Old Spanish Trail
- Santa Fe Trail
- San Juan (people)
- List of the historical milestones in engineering
Web links
- National Park Service: El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail (official site; English)
- Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. UNESCO, accessed November 22, 2013 .
- El Camino Real de la Plata - Maps + Info (Spanish)
- Visitor's Center and Museum. Retrieved November 22, 2013 .
- El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. Retrieved November 22, 2013 (English, multimedia).
Heritage: Historic Center of Mexico City and Xochimilco (1987) | Pre-Columbian City and National Park of Palenque (1987) | Pre-Columbian city of Teotihuacán (1987) | Old town of Oaxaca and ruins of Monte Albán (1987) | Historic Center of Puebla (1987) | Guanajuato Historic Center and Mines (1988) | Pre-Columbian city of Chichén Itzá (1988) | Old Town of Morelia (1991) | Pre-Columbian city of El Tajín (1992) | Old town of Zacatecas (1993) | Rock carvings in the Sierra de San Francisco (1993) | Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatépetl (1994) | Pre-Columbian city of Uxmal (1996) | Querétaro monument ensemble (1996) | Cabañas Hospice in Guadalajara (1997) | Monument area of Tlacotalpan (1998) | Archaeological sites of Paquimé in Casas Grandes (1998) | Xochicalco Archaeological Site (1999) | Historic city and fortress of Campeche (1999) | Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda (2003) | Luís Barragán's house and studio (2004) | Agave landscape and historical tequila production sites (2006) | University campus of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (2007) | Fortified town of San Miguel de Allende and the pilgrimage church of Jesús de Nazareno in Atotonilco (2008) | Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (2010) | Prehistoric caves of Yagul and Mitla in the Oaxaca Valley (2010) | Aqueduct of Padre Tembleque (2015)
Natural heritage: Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve (1987) | El Vizcaíno lagoon - whale shelter (1993) | Islands and Protected Areas in the Gulf of California (2005) | Mariposa Monarca Biosphere Reserve (2008) | El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve (2013) | Revillagigedo Archipelago (2016)
Cultural / natural heritage: Mayan city of Calakmul and tropical rainforests in Campeche (2002)