USS Haddo (SS-255): Difference between revisions

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{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{{Infobox Ship Image
{{Infobox Ship Image
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Haddo;0825502.jpg|300px|Haddo (SS-255), off Mare Island Navy Yard, 10 April 1945.]]
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Haddo;0825502.jpg|300px|Haddo (SS-255), off Mare Island Navy Yard, [[10 April]] [[1945]].]]
|Ship caption=
|Ship caption=
}}
}}
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|Ship name=
|Ship name=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[General Dynamics Electric Boat|Electric Boat Company]], [[Groton, Connecticut]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book
|Ship builder=[[General Dynamics Electric Boat|Electric Boat Company]], [[Groton, Connecticut]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book
| last = Friedman
| last = Friedman
| first = Norman
| first = Norman
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| doi =
| doi =
| isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref>
| isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref>
|Ship laid down=[[1 October]] [[1941]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship laid down=[[1 October]] [[1941]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship launched=[[21 June]] [[1942]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship launched=[[21 June]] [[1942]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship acquired=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=[[9 October]] [[1942]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship commissioned=[[9 October]] [[1942]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship decommissioned=[[16 February]] [[1946]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship decommissioned=[[16 February]] [[1946]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship in service=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=[[1 August]] [[1958]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship struck=[[1 August]] [[1958]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship fate=Sold for scrap, [[4 May]] [[1959]] <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship fate=Sold for scrap, [[4 May]] [[1959]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship status=
|Ship status=
}}
}}
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|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=[[Gato class submarine|''Gato''-class]] [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]] <ref name="Register">{{cite book
|Ship class=[[Gato class submarine|''Gato''-class]] [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register">{{cite book
| last = Bauer
| last = Bauer
| first = K. Jack
| first = K. Jack
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| doi =
| doi =
| isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref>
| isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref>
|Ship displacement=1,525&nbsp;[[long ton|ton]]s (1,549&nbsp;[[tonne|t]]) surfaced <ref name="Register"/><br />2,424&nbsp;tons (2,460&nbsp;t) submerged <ref name="Register"/>
|Ship displacement=1,525&nbsp;[[long ton|ton]]s (1,549&nbsp;[[tonne|t]]) surfaced<ref name="Register"/><br />2,424&nbsp;tons (2,460&nbsp;t) submerged<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship length=311&nbsp;[[Foot (unit of length)|ft]] 9&nbsp;[[Inch|in]] (95.0&nbsp;[[metre|m]]) <ref name="Register"/>
|Ship length={{convert|311|ft|9|in|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship beam=27&nbsp;ft 3&nbsp;in (8.3&nbsp;m) <ref name="Register"/>
|Ship beam={{convert|27|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship draft=17&nbsp;ft (5.2&nbsp;m) maximum <ref name="Register"/>
|Ship draft={{convert|17|ft|0|in|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship propulsion={{Fleet-boat-propulsion-HOR-4-GE}}
|Ship propulsion={{Fleet-boat-propulsion-HOR-4-GE}}
|Ship speed=20.25&nbsp;[[knot (speed)|knot]]s (37&nbsp;km/h) surfaced <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305-311</ref><br />{{convert|8.75|knot|km:h|0}} submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship speed={{convert|21|knot|km/h|lk=on}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305-311</ref><br />{{convert|9|knot|km/h}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship range=11,000&nbsp;[[nautical mile|nmi]] (20,000&nbsp;km) surfaced at {{convert|10|knot|km:h|0}} <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship range=11,000&nbsp;[[nautical mile|nmi]] (20,000&nbsp;km) surfaced at {{convert|10|knot|km/h|0}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship endurance=48 hours at {{convert|2|knot|km:h|0}} submerged <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/><br />75 days on patrol
|Ship endurance=48 hours at {{convert|2|knot|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/><br />75 days on patrol
|Ship test depth={{convert|300|ft|m|-1|abbr=on}} <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship test depth={{convert|300|ft|m|-1|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship complement=10 officers, 70–71 enlisted <ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship complement=6 officers, 54 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship sensors=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship EW=

Revision as of 17:51, 9 February 2008

Haddo (SS-255), off Mare Island Navy Yard, 10 April 1945.
History
BuilderElectric Boat Company, Groton, Connecticut[1]
Laid down1 October 1941[1]
Launched21 June 1942[1]
Commissioned9 October 1942[1]
Decommissioned16 February 1946[1]
Stricken1 August 1958[1]
FateSold for scrap, 4 May 1959[1]
General characteristics
Class and typeGato-class diesel-electric submarine[3]
Displacementlist error: <br /> list (help)
1,525 tons (1,549 t) surfaced[3]
2,424 tons (2,460 t) submerged[3]
Length311 ft 9 in (95.02 m)[3]
Beam27 ft 3 in (8.31 m)[3]
Draft17 ft 0 in (5.18 m) maximum[3]
Propulsion
Speedlist error: <br /> list (help)
21 knots (39 km/h) surfaced[2]
9 knots (17 km/h) submerged[2]
Range11,000 nmi (20,000 km) surfaced at 10 knots (19 km/h)[2]
Endurancelist error: <br /> list (help)
48 hours at 2 knots (4 km/h) submerged[2]
75 days on patrol
Test depth300 ft (90 m)[2]
Complement6 officers, 54 enlisted[2]
Armament

USS Haddo (SS-255), a Gato-class submarine, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the haddo, a pink salmon fish prevalent on the Pacific coast of the United States and Canada.

The first Haddo (SS-255) was launched by the Electric Boat Co. of Groton, Conn., 21 June 1942; sponsored by Mrs. Charles F. Russell; and commissioned 9 October 1942, Lieutenant Commander Wallace L. Lent in command.

Atlantic war patrols, April – July 1943

After conducting shakedown off New England, Haddo departed New London 9 April 1943 to patrol the shipping lanes to Rosneath, Scotland. She arrived 30 April and joined Submarine Squadron 50 (Subron 50), which was assigned to patrol off Norway and Iceland and stand ready in case of a breakthrough of the German fleet from Norway. When it became clear after three patrols that targets were scarce in this region, Haddo and her sister submarines were sent back to the United States.

Fourth–sixth war patrols, November 1943 – July 1944

Haddo returned to New London 29 July 1943 and steamed via the Panama Canal to Mare Island, Calif. Assigned to the Pacific Fleet, she reached Pearl Harbor 25 November and put to sea 14 December on her fourth war patrol, in Philippine waters. The submarine made few contacts and terminated the patrol at Fremantle, Australia, 4 February 1944.

Sailing from Fremantle 29 February, Haddo embarked on her fifth war patrol in waters off Borneo, Java, and Indochina. After a disappointing attack 8 March in which two torpedoes exploded prematurely, she made an attack on a tanker and escort 14 March which produced unconfirmed results. Moving to the Indochina coast, she sank a small craft with gunfire the night of 23 March and damaged freighter Nichian Maru 29 March before returning to Fremantle 22 April 1944.

Haddo departed Fremantle 18 May 1944 to conduct her sixth war patrol in the East Indies. After undergoing air attack off Morotai 30 May, she sighted heavy smoke and proceeded to investigate. The smoke was a lure that concealed a Japanese patrol boat. After evading this one, Haddo encountered six more of the smoking lures. Haddo sank two small craft 11 June and scouted the Tawi Tawi anchorage on 14 June. Shortly thereafter she was detected by patrol airplane and pursued for almost 10 days. Her sixth war patrol was terminated 16 July at Fremantle.

Seventh war patrol, August – October 1944

For her seventh war patrol Haddo joined a coordinated attack group with five other submarines to cruise Philippine waters. Japanese convoys ventured into the Palawan area with strong air cover during the day, but usually anchored with escort protection for the night.

Learning from Harder that a convoy had been attacked by Ray 4 days before and trailed to Paluan Bay, the submarines closed for the attack. As the convoy headed out to sea before daylight 21 August, Ray sank one transport while the escort vessels pursued Harder. At this point Haddo entered the fray, launched six torpedoes at three targets, and dived to avoid air attack. Over one hundred depth charges churned the sea. But Haddo had already sunk cargo ships Kinryu Maru and Norfolk Maru.

Next day Haddo followed Harder in for an attack on a small convoy with escorts, and Haddo succeeded in sending escort ship Sado to the bottom. Following a lone destroyer and awaiting her opportunity. Haddo was suddenly turned upon by the Japanese ship. She launched a four-torpedo spread "down the throat" of the destroyer which veered off and headed for Manila.

Cruising off Cape Bolinao 23 August, the submarine was about to torpedo a tanker close to shore when she detected a pursuing destroyer. With four torpedoes she ripped off the ship's bow. Haddo then maneuvered to finish off her antagonist, but her last torpedo missed. Despite the efforts of two Japanese trawlers and another destroyer, Akakaze soon sank, giving Haddo another kill.

Diverting to New Guinea to refuel and rearm, Haddo continued her seventh war patrol. She sank a sampan 8 September and 21 September found a convoy and maneuvered into position ahead of it. While turning to avoid a destroyer, Haddo lost depth control, and was not able to regain it in time to effectively attack the cargo ships. She subsequently headed for Subic Bay, and lifeguard duty, but on the way detected a hospital ship and survey ship in company. Disregarding the former, she sent the survey ship, Katsuriki, to the bottom.

After serving on lifeguard station and rescuing a Navy pilot from the sea 22 September, Haddo returned to Fremantle 3 October 1944. For this outstanding patrol the submarine received the Navy Unit Commendation.

Eighth and ninth war patrols, October 1944 – July 1945

Haddo returned to the waters off Manila for her eighth war patrol. Departing Fremantle 20 October she sank oiler Hishi Maru No. 2 on 9 November, Serving as lifeguard boat for aircraft, she was credited with sinking No.3 Kyoei Maru on 6 December 1944, but only damaged her[6] before terminating her eighth war patrol at Pearl Harbor 27 December. From there she was sent to Mare Island shipyard for much-needed repairs, arriving 5 January 1945.

Haddo departed on her ninth war patrol 16 May 1945. Cruising the East China and Yellow Seas, she attacked a convoy emerging from the fog 1 July and quickly sank a small coastal defense vessel and cargo ship, Taiun Maru No. 1. Clearing the area, she heard automatic gunfire, and soon saw a frigate bearing down hard upon her. Haddo's skipper decided not to dive and instead turned on a parallel but opposite course, and the frigate shot by with her guns blazing. Haddo suffered little damage, and was able to avoid a companion escort and finally reach deep water. That evening she sank two sailing junks and then set course for a new station off Port Arthur. She sank a trawler 3 July, survived a furious depth charge attack by patrol vessels, and proceeded to Guam arriving 16 July 1945.

Post-war

Haddo departed on her 10th and last war patrol 10 August 1945 but it was soon terminated by the surrender of Japan. She then headed for Tokyo Bay, where she witnessed the signing of the surrender on board the battleship Missouri and departed for home. Touching at Hawaii, Haddo arrived at Panama 28 September and New London 6 October 1945. Decommissioning 16 February 1946, Haddo was kept in reserve until her name was stricken from the Navy List 1 August 1958. She was sold for scrap 30 April 1959 to Luria Brothers & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.

In addition to the Navy Unit Commendation, Haddo received six battle stars for her World War II service. Her fifth, seventh, eighth, and ninth war patrols were designated successful.

See USS Haddo for other ships of the same name.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Friedman, Norman (1995). U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. pp. pp. 285-304. ISBN 1-55750-263-3. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305-311
  3. ^ a b c d e f Bauer, K. Jack (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. pp. 275-280. ISBN 0-313-26202-0. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c d e Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 275–280. ISBN 978-0-313-26202-9.
  5. ^ a b c U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305–311
  6. ^ Cressman, Robert (2000). "Chapter VI: 1944". The official chronology of the U.S. Navy in World War II. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9781557501493. OCLC 41977179. Retrieved 2007-12-06. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS_Haddo_(SS-255)&oldid=190212215"