2-methyl-1-pentanol

Structural formula
	Simplified structural formula without stereochemistry
General
Surname	2-methyl-1-pentanol
other names	2-methylpentan-1-ol ( IUPAC ); 2-methylamyl alcohol; 2-methylpentyl alcohol; ( RS ) -2-methyl-1-pentanol; (±) -2-methyl-1-pentanol;
Molecular formula	C 6 H 14 O
Brief description	colorless liquid with a slightly alcohol-like odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	203-285-1
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.987
PubChem	7745
Wikidata	Q3278308
properties
Molar mass	102.18 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.82 g cm −3 (20 ° C)
Melting point	−107 ° C
boiling point	148 ° C
Vapor pressure	1.70 h Pa (20 ° C); 3.21 hPa (30 ° C); 6.57 hPa (40 ° C); 12.7 hPa (50 ° C);
solubility	sparingly soluble in water (8.2 g l −1 at 25 ° C); soluble in ethanol , diethyl ether and acetone ;
Refractive index	1.4190 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 226-302
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	1410 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; 2930 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rabbit , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

2-Methyl-1-pentanol is a fully synthetic, branched primary alcohol with a slightly alcohol-like odor. It is important as a solvent , and some of it is chemically processed.

Isomerism

2-Methyl-1-pentanol occurs in two enantiomeric forms because it has a center of chirality on the C2 carbon . Thus, there exist ( R ) -2-methyl-1-pentanol and ( S ) -2-methyl-1-pentanol. A 1: 1 mixture of the two enantiomers is called a racemate .

(R) -2-methyl-1-pentanol
(S) -2-methyl-1-pentanol

Extraction and presentation

Racemic 2-methyl-1-pentanol is produced on an industrial scale by aldol condensation of propionaldehyde , which is first converted to 2-methylpent-2-en-1-al. After a catalytic hydrogenation , 2-methyl-1-pentanol is obtained.

properties

Physical Properties

2-Methyl-1-pentanol has a relative gas density of 3.52 (density ratio to dry air at the same temperature and pressure ) and a relative density of the steam-air mixture of 1.00 (density ratio to dry air at 20 ° C and normal pressure).

Chemical properties

2-methyl-1-pentanol is a flammable liquid belonging to the group of primary alcohols . It is sparingly soluble in water (8.2 g / l at 25 ° C) and lighter than water. 2-Methyl-1-pentanol is difficult or very difficult to volatilize and has a pH value of 7 at a concentration of 10 g · l ⁻¹ and a temperature of 20 ° C.

use

2-methyl-1-pentanol is used as a solvent and intermediate in the chemical industry . For example, it can be used to produce 2-methylpentyl acetate or esters , which are used as plasticizers .

safety instructions

2-methyl-1-pentanol is a flammable liquid . The vapors can form explosive mixtures with air when the substance is heated above its flash point. It is mainly absorbed through the airways and the skin . Ingestion or ingestion can cause severe irritation to the respiratory tract , skin and eyes . No information is known about reproductive toxicity , mutagenicity and carcinogenicity . 2-methyl-1-pentanol has a lower explosion limit (LEL) of approx. 1.06% by volume (approx. 45 g / cm ³ ) and an upper explosion limit (UEL) of approx. 7.0% by volume (approx. 298 g / cm ³ ). The substance falls into explosion group IIA. With a flash point of approx. 46–50 ° C, 2-methyl-1-pentanol is considered flammable.

Web links

Commons : 2-Methyl-1-pentanol - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry on 2-methyl-1-pentanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 3, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ David R. Lide: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics A Ready-reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data . CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8493-0595-5 , pp. 398 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b Jürgen Falbe, Helmut Bahrmann, Wolfgang Lipps, Dieter Mayer, Guido D. Frey: Alcohols, Aliphatic. In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . Wiley ‐ VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA., January 15, 2013, doi : 10.1002 / 14356007.a01_279.pub2 .

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry on 2-methyl-1-pentanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 3, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[David_R._Lide-2] David R. Lide: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics A Ready-reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data . CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8493-0595-5 , pp. 398 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[ULLMANN-3] Jürgen Falbe, Helmut Bahrmann, Wolfgang Lipps, Dieter Mayer, Guido D. Frey: Alcohols, Aliphatic. In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . Wiley ‐ VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA., January 15, 2013, doi : 10.1002 / 14356007.a01_279.pub2 .