Acantholimone
Hedgehog cushion | ||||||||||||
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Acantholimon glumaceum , illustration |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Acantholimone | ||||||||||||
Boiss. |
Hedgehog cushion ( Acantholimon ) is a genus of plants within the leadwort family (Plumbaginaceae). In the 200 Acantholimon styles are from the eastern Mediterranean through Central Asia to the western Tibet spread.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Acantholimone species grow as poster - forming subshrubs or dwarf shrubs . Most of the plant specimens are prickly and heavily branched.
At the upper ends of this year's branches, sitting leaves are arranged in a spiral and often form dense leaf rosettes. The leaves also remain withered on the older branches. The leaves in spring can be different from those in summer. The simple leaf blades are mostly linear-triangular, linear-needle-like, almost cylindrical, sub-like; sometimes flat and fairly broad and almost always with a spiky to constricting upper end.
Generative characteristics
In the armpits of the spring leaves at the base of this year's branches, the simple or branched, spiked inflorescences stand on the inflorescence shafts . If the inflorescences are branched, then they are composed of partial inflorescences which are arranged in two rows and each contain one to five flowers. The bracts are significantly shorter than the bracts of the lowest flowers and their edges are membranous. The bottom cover sheet is similar to the carrier sheet and its edge is wide-skinned.
The mostly hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . There are two bract circles. The five sepals are almost tubular or mostly fused together like a funnel; the five calyx-lobes are significantly shorter than the five-nerved or five-ribbed, mostly straight or sometimes oblique calyx tube. The five or ten white, pink to purple calyx lobes are broad and dry-skinned. The five petals are only fused at their base. There is only one circle with five fertile stamens ; they are epipetal, so they stand in front of the petals with which the stamens are fused, so the outer stamen circle is missing. The five carpels are a top constant, linear-cylindrical, mostly bare ovary grown. There are five free, mostly bald pens. The scars are hemispherical or almost oblong-headed.
The capsule fruits are elongated-thread-shaped.
Locations
Acantholimone species thrive mainly in mountain regions, especially at medium to high altitudes.
Systematics, botanical history and distribution
The genus Acantholimon was established in 1846 by Pierre Edmond Boissier in Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium Novarum Series 1, 7, page 69. Type species is Acantholimon glumaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. The genus name Acantholimon is etymologically derived from the ancient Greek word ákanthos or ákantha for sting, thorn and the shortened form of Limonium , also a genus of the Plumbaginaceae family . Synonyms for Acantholimon Boiss. nom. cons. (Shenzhen ICN Art. 14.4 & App. III) are: Armeriastrum (Jaub. & Spach) Lindl. nom. rej., Statice subg. Armeriastrum Jaub. & Spach.
Boissier called 1846 22 Acantholimon species. Alexander von Bunge published the monograph Die Genus Acantholimon Boiss in 1872 . and lists 83 species. In the revision of the genus Acantholimon by Mobayen in 1964, 119 species are included. Since Moharrek et al. In 2017, Acantholimon sl contains the species of the previous genera Bamiania , Bukiniczia , Chaetolimon , Cephalorhizum , Dictyolimon , Gladiolimon , Popoviolimon and Vassilczenkoa . Acantholimon sl is the sister taxon to the genus Goniolimon . The genus Acantholimon has been divided into sections, this division is also used in Moharrek et al. Doubted in 2017.
The genus Acantholimon belongs to the tribe Staticeae in the subfamily Staticoideae within the family of Plumbaginaceae .
The approximately 200 acantholimon species are distributed from the eastern Mediterranean area (southern Albania , southwestern Greece and Crete ) to western Tibet . The center of biodiversity lies in Southwest and Central Asia , more precisely the eastern Mediterranean and the Irano-Turanian flora region . In Iran there are about 79 species with 5 subtaxa ; of these 84 taxa 65 occur only there. In Turkey there are about 52 species, 10 subspecies and 17 varieties (as of 2007). There are around eleven species in China (as of 1996).
There are about 200 Acantholimon typologies:
- Acantholimon acanthobryum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon acerosum ( Willld. ) Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey, in Armenia and in the area of Syria and Lebanon.
- Acantholimon acmostegium Boiss. & Buhse
- Acantholimon aegaeum F.W.Mey. : It occurs on Samos , Chios and in western Turkey.
- Acantholimon afanassievii Lincz.
- Acantholimon agropyroideum Mobayen
- Acantholimon ahangarensis Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon alaicum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon alatavicum Bunge : It is common in Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , northern Tajikistan , Uzbekistan and western Xinjiang .
- Acantholimon alavae Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon albanicum O.Schwarz & F.Mey. : It only occurs in Albania .
- Acantholimon albertii rule
- Acantholimon albocalycinum Assadi & Mirtadz.
- Acantholimon alexandri Fed.
- Acantholimon alexeenkoanum Czerniak. ex Ikonn.
- Acantholimon amoenum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon anatolicum Yıld. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon androsaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. : This endemic occurs only in Crete .
- Acantholimon anisophyllum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon annae Lincz.
- Acantholimon antilibanoticum Mouterde : It occurs in the area of Syria and Lebanon.
- Acantholimon angobicum Lincz.
- Acantholimon araxanum Bunge
- Acantholimon argyrostachyum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon aristulatum Bunge
- Acantholimon armenum Boiss. & A.Huet
- Acantholimon artosense Doğan & Akaydın : It wasfirst describedin 2004 from eastern Anatolia .
- Acantholimon arundoscapum Mobayen
- Acantholimon aspadanum Bunge
- Acantholimon asphodelinum Mobayen
- Acantholimon astragalinum Mobayen
- Acantholimon atrofuscum Rech. F.
- Acantholimon atropatanum Bunge
- Acantholimon auganum Bunge
- Acantholimon aulieatense Czerniak.
- Acantholimon austroiranicum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon avanosicum Doan & Akaydn : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon avenaceum Bunge
- Acantholimon azizae Mobayen
- Acantholimon bakhtiaricum Assadi
- Acantholimon balchanicum Korovin
- Acantholimon bashkaleicum Doğan & Akaydın : It was first described in 2004 from eastern Anatolia.
- Acantholimon × baubaschatense Lazkov
- Acantholimon birandii Doan & Akaydn : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon blakelockii Mobayen
- Acantholimon blandum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon bodeanum Bunge
- Acantholimon bonesseae Parsa
- Acantholimon borodinii Krasn. : It occurs in Kyrgyzstan and western Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon brachyphyllum Boiss.
- Acantholimon brachystachyum Boiss. ex bunge
- Acantholimon bracteatum (Girard) Boiss.
- Acantholimon brecklei Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon bromifolium Boiss. ex bunge
- Acantholimon butkovii Lincz.
- Acantholimon cabulicum Boiss.
- Acantholimon caesareum Boiss. & Balansa : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon calocephalum Aitch. & Hemsl. : It occurs in Afghanistan and in the valley of the Kurram in western Pakistan.
- Acantholimon calvertii Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey and Armenia .
- Acantholimon capitatum Sosn. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon carinatum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon caryophyllaceum Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey and Armenia.
- Acantholimon catenatum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon cephalotes Boiss.
- Acantholimon cephalotoides Rech. F.
- Acantholimon chitralicum Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon chlorostegium Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon chrysostegium Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon cleistocalyx Hand.-Mazz.
- Acantholimon collare Köie & Rech. F.
- Acantholimon compactum Korovin
- Acantholimon confertiflorum Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon cupreo-olivascens Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon cymosum Bunge
- Acantholimon damassanum Mobayen : It occurs in Turkey and in the area of Syria and Lebanon.
- Acantholimon davisii Akaydin & MBCrespo : This 2017 new name replaces Acantholimon caryophyllaceum subsp. parviflorum Bokhari . It occurs only in Turkish Anatolia .
- Acantholimon demavendicum Bornm.
- Acantholimon densiflorum Assadi
- Acantholimon desertorum rule
- Acantholimon dianthifolium Bokhari
- Acantholimon diapensioides Boiss. : It occurs in Afghanistan , Pakistan , Tajikistan and southwestern Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon distachyum Boiss.
- Acantholimon distichum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon diversifolium O.Schwarz & F.Mey. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon doganii Bağcı, Doğu & Akaydın : It was first described from Turkey in 2009.
- Acantholimon ecae Aitch. & Hemsl.
- Acantholimon edmondsonii Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon ekatherinae (O.Fedtsch.) Czerniak.
- Acantholimon ekbergianum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon ekimii Doğan & Akaydın : It was first described in 2007. This rare species is only known from its type location on a high mountain steppe at an altitude of about 2300 meters between Akçay and Cumaçay in eastern Anatolia.
- Acantholimon embergeri Mobayen
- Acantholimon erinaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Lincz.
- Acantholimon erythraeum Bunge
- Acantholimon eschkerense Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Acantholimon esfandiarii Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon evrenii Doğan & Akaydın : It was first described in 2005 from eastern Anatolia.
- Acantholimon fasciculare Boiss.
- Acantholimon faustii Trautv.
- Acantholimon fedorovii Tamamsch. & Mirzojeva
- Acantholimon festucaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon fetissovii rule
- Acantholimon flexuosum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex bunge
- Acantholimon fominii Kusn.
- Acantholimon gabrieljaniae Mirzoeva : It occurs in isolated populations only in Armenia .
- Acantholimon gadukense Mobayen
- Acantholimon gaudanense Czerniak.
- Acantholimon gemicianum Kaptaner İğci, Körüklü & Aytaç : It was first described in 2017 and thrives in steppes in Turkey .
- Acantholimon genistoides (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon ghoranum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon gilliatii Turrill
- Acantholimon gillii Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon glabratum Assadi
- Acantholimon glumaceum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon glutinosum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon goeksunicum Doan & Akaydn : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon gontscharovii Czerniak.
- Acantholimon gorganense Mobayen
- Acantholimon gracillimum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon graecum F.W.Mey. : It occurs in Albania and Greece .
- Acantholimon grammophyllum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon griffithianum Boiss.
- Acantholimon gulistanum Bunge
- Acantholimon haesarensis Bornm. ex Rech. f. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon halophilum Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon hariabense Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon hedinii Ostenf. : It occurs in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and southwestern Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon heratense Bunge
- Acantholimon heweri Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon hilariae Ikonn.
- Acantholimon hindukushum Mobayen
- Acantholimon hissaricum Lincz.
- Acantholimon Hohenackeri (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon homophyllum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon hormozganense Assadi
- Acantholimon horridum Bunge
- Acantholimon hoshapicum Doğan & Akaydın : It was first described in 2004 from eastern Anatolia.
- Acantholimon huetii Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon hyalinum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon hypochaerum Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon hystrix Stapf
- Acantholimon ibrahimii Akaydın : It wasfirst describedin 2018 from the Mediterranean part of Turkey .
- Acantholimon iconicum (Boiss.) Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon incomptum Boiss. & Buhse
- Acantholimon inerme Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon jarmilae Halda
- Acantholimon kandaharense Rech. F.
- Acantholimon karamanicum Akaydın & Doğan : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon karatavicum Pavlov
- Acantholimon karelinii (Stschegl.) Bunge
- Acantholimon kaschgaricum Lincz. : It only thrives on dry slopes in western Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon katrantavicum Lincz.
- Acantholimon kermanense Assadi & Mirtadz.
- Acantholimon kjurendaghi Meszer.
- Acantholimon knorringianum Lincz.
- Acantholimon koeiei Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon koelzii Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon koeycegizicum Doan & Akaydn : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon kokandense Bunge : It occurs in Kyrgyzstan and Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon komarovii Czerniak.
- Acantholimon korolkovii (rule) Korovin
- Acantholimon korovinii Czerniak.
- Acantholimon kotschyi (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon kuramense Lincz.
- Acantholimon kutschanense Rech. F.
- Acantholimon laevigatum (TXPeng) camel : This endemic occurs only in Tianshan in Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon langaricum O. Fedsch . & B.Fedtsch.
- Acantholimon latifolium Boiss.
- Acantholimon laxiflorum Boiss. ex Bunge : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon laxum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon lepturoides (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon leucacanthum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon leucochlorum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon libanoticum Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey and in the area of Syria and Libanomn.
- Acantholimon linczevskianum Lazkov
- Acantholimon linczevskii Pavlov
- Acantholimon litvinovii Lincz.
- Acantholimon longiflorum Boiss. : It occurs in Afghanistan and western Pakistan.
- Acantholimon longiscapum Bokhari : This endemic occurs only in Pakistani Baluchistan .
- Acantholimon lycaonicum Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon lycopodioides (Girard) Boiss. : It is common in India , Kashmir , western Pakistan , Afghanistan , Tajikistan and northwestern Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon macranthum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon macropetalum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon macrostachyum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon majewianum rule
- Acantholimon margaritae Korovin
- Acantholimon melananthum Boiss.
- Acantholimon mikeschinii Lincz.
- Acantholimon minshelkense Pavlov
- Acantholimon mirtadzadinii Assadi
- Acantholimon mishaudaghense Mobayen
- Acantholimon mobayenii Assadi & Ghahr.
- Acantholimon modestum Bornm. ex Rech. f. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon movdarinum Parsa
- Acantholimon muchamedshanovii Lincz.
- Acantholimon multiflorum (Bokhari) Doğan & Akaydın : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon munroanum Aitch. & Hemsl. : It occurs in Afghanistan and western Pakistan only in Chitral and northern Baluchistan.
- Acantholimon muradicum O.Schwarz & F.Mey. : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon nabievii Lincz.
- Acantholimon narynense Lazkov
- Acantholimon nawaricum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon nigricans Mobayen
- Acantholimon nikitinii Lincz.
- Acantholimon nuratavicum Zakirov
- Acantholimon oliganthum Boiss.
- Acantholimon olivieri (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon ophiocladus Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon pamiricum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon parviflorum rule : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon pavlovii Lincz. : It only thrives at altitudes of around 2200 meters in the districts of Kaxgar and Wuqia in Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon peculiare Rech. F.
- Acantholimon petraeum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex bunge
- Acantholimon petuniiflorum Mobayen
- Acantholimon physostegium Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon podlechii Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon poliochlorum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon polystachyum Boiss. : It occurs in Iran, Afghanistan and western Pakistan only in Baluchistan.
- Acantholimon procumbens Czerniak.
- Acantholimon pskemense Lincz.
- Acantholimon pterostegium Bunge
- Acantholimone puberulum Boiss. & Balansa : It occurs in Turkey and Armenia.
- Acantholimon pulchellum Korovin
- Acantholimon purpureum Korovin
- Acantholimon quettensis Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon quinquelobum Bunge
- Acantholimon raddeanum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon raikoviae Czerniak. ex Minchevskii
- Acantholimon reflexifolium Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon restiaceum Bunge
- Acantholimon revolutum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon rhodopolium Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon riyatguelii Yıldırım : It was first described in 2014. This endangered species is only found in central Anatolia.
- Acantholimon roborowskii Czerniak. : It thrives on slopes only in southwestern Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon rudbaricum (Bornm.) Bornm.
- Acantholimon ruprechtii Bunge
- Acantholimon sackenii Bunge
- Acantholimon sahendicum Boiss. & Buhse
- Acantholimon salangensis Bokhari
- Acantholimon saravschanicum rule
- Acantholimon sarytavicum Lincz.
- Acantholimon saxifragifolium Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon saxifragiform Hausskn. & Sint. ex Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon scabrellum Boiss. & Hausskn.
- Acantholimon schachimardanicum Lincz.
- Acantholimon schahrudicum Bunge
- Acantholimon schemachense Large
- Acantholimon schirazianum Boiss.
- Acantholimon schizostegium Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon scirpinum Bunge
- Acantholimon sclerophyllum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon scorpius (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon senganense Bunge
- Acantholimon serotinum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon sirchense Assadi & Mirtadz.
- Acantholimon solidum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon sorchense Rech. F.
- Acantholimon speciosissimum Aitch. & Hemsl.
- Acantholimon spinicalyx Köie & Rech. F.
- Acantholimon spirizianum Mobayen : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon squarrosum Pavlov
- Acantholimon stanjukoviczii Lincz. ex Ikonn.
- Acantholimon stapfianum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon stenorhaphium Rech. F.
- Acantholimon stereophyllum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon stocksii Boiss. : It occurs in Afghanistan and western Pakistan.
- Acantholimon strictiform Nikitina ex Lazkov
- Acantholimon strictum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon strigillosum Bokhari : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon stroterophyllum Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon subavenaceum Lincz.
- Acantholimon subflavescens Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon subsimile Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon subulatum Boiss. (Syn .: Acantholimon leptostachyum Aitch. & Hemsl. )
- Acantholimon talagonicum Boiss.
- Acantholimon tarbagataicum Gamajun. : It thrives at altitudes of 1,800 to 2,800 meters in Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon taschkurganicum Lincz. & NIAkshigitova
- Acantholimon tataricum Boiss.
- Acantholimon tenuiflorum Boiss.
- Acantholimon termei Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon tianschanicum Czerniak. : It occurs in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and southwestern Xinjiang.
- Acantholimon titovii Lincz.
- Acantholimon tomentellum Boiss.
- Acantholimon tragacanthinum (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.
- Acantholimon tricolor Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon trojanum F.W.Mey.
- Acantholimon truncatum Bunge
- Acantholimon tulakensis Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon turcicum Doğan & Akaydın : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon ulicinum (Willd. Ex Schult.) Boiss. (Syn .: Acantholimon ararati Jahand. , Acantholimon echinus var. Glaberrimum Mobayen , Acantholimon libanoticum var. Ulicinum (Willd. Ex Schult.) Boiss. , Acantholimon olympicum (Boiss.) FWMey. , Acantholimon tournefortii (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. ): It occurs in the area of Serbia and Montenegro, in Albania, Macedonia, Greece, Crete, in the Aegean Sea, in Turkey, Armenia and in the area of Syria and Lebanon.
- Acantholimon vacillans Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon varivtzevae Czerniak.
- Acantholimon vedicum Mirzoeva : This rare endemic occurs in central Armenia.
- Acantholimon velutinum Czerniak.
- Acantholimon venustum Boiss.
- Acantholimon virens Czerniak.
- Acantholimon viscidulum Boiss.
- Acantholimon vvedenskyi Lincz.
- Acantholimon wendelboi Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon wiedemanii Bunge : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon wilhelminae Rech. F. & Schiman-Czeika
- Acantholimon xanthacanthum Rech. F. & Köie
- Acantholimon yamense Turrill
- Acantholimon yildizelicum Akaydın : It occurs in Turkey.
- Acantholimon zaeifii Assadi
- Acantholimon zaprjagaevii Lincz.
use
Some species are used as ornamental plants . In the temperate latitudes, Acantholimon glumaceum is suitable in gardens, especially rock gardens.
swell
- Tse-Hsiang Pen, Rudolf V. Kamelin: Plumbaginaceae : Acantholimon , page 193 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 . (Sections Description and Systematics)
- MH Bokhari: Flora of West Pakistan , Volume 28 - Plumbaginaceae , Stewart Herbarium, Gordon College (and others), Rawalpindi, 1972: online at Tropicos.org. of the Missouri Botanical Garden. (Sections Description and Systematics)
- P. Hernández-Ledesma, WG Berendsohn, T. Borsch, S. von Mering, H. Akhani, S. Arias, I. Castañeda-Noa, U. Eggli, R. Eriksson, H. Flores-Olvera, S. Fuentes- Bazán, G. Kadereit, C. Klak, N. Korotkova, R. Nyffeler, G. Ocampo, H. Ochoterena, B. Oxelman, RK Rabeler, A. Sanchez, BO Schlumpberger, P. Uotila: A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm or Caryophyllales. In: Willdenowia , Volume 45, Issue 3, 2015, pp. 281–383. doi : 10.3372 / wi.45.45301
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Acantholimon at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Tse-Hsiang Pen, Rudolf V. Kamelin: Plumbaginaceae : Acantholimon , page 193 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 .
- ↑ a b c Acantholimon at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 16, 2017.
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 33 (reprint from 1996).
- ^ A b Acantholimon in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 19, 2018.
- ↑ Alexander von Bunge : The genus Acantholimon Boiss. In: Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg. Tome 18, No. 2, St.-Pétersbourg, 1872. scanned.
- ^ Mohamed Sadegh Mobayen: Révision taxonomique du genre Acantholimon. Economiste, Téhéran 1964.
- ↑ a b c Mostafa Assadi: Distribution patterns of the genus Acantholimon (Plumbaginaceae) in Iran. In: Iranian Journal of Botany. Tehran , Volume 12, Issue 2, 2006, pp. 140-120. Full text PDF. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Farideh Moharrek, Shahrokh Kazempour, Osaloo Mostafa, Assadi Gonzalo, Nieto Feliner: Molecular phylogenetic evidence for a wide circumscription of a characteristic Irano-Turanian element: Acantholimon (Plumbaginaceae: Limonioideae). In: The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , Volume 184, Issue 3, June 2017. doi : 10.1093 / botlinnean / box033
- ↑ a b Hasan Yıldırım, Manuel B. Crespo: Acantholimon riyatguelii (Plumbaginaceae), a threatened new unarmed species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. In: Phytotaxa , Volume 175, Issue 2, 2014, pp. 73-84. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.175.2.2
- ↑ a b c d e f M. Doğan, Galip Akaydın: Synopsis of Turkish Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae). In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , Volume 154, 2007, pp. 397-419. doi : 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2007.00663.x
- ↑ Farideh Moharrek, Shahrokh Kazempour Osaloo, Mostafa Assadi: Molecular phylogeny of Plumbaginaceae with emphasis on Acantholimon Boiss. based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences in Iran. In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , Volume 57, 2014, pp. 117–127. doi : 10.1016 / j.bse.2014.07.023
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai G. Domina (2011): Plumbaginaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Acantholimon data sheet
- ↑ a b c d Thomas Meyer, Michael Hassler: data sheet with photos at Mittelmeerflora.de .
- ↑ Galip Akaydın, Manuel B. Crespo: Acantholimon davisii (Plumbaginaceae), a new specific name for the Turkish endemic A. caryophyllaceum subsp. parviflorum. In: Phytotaxa , Volume 334, 2017, pp. 80–82. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.334.1.13
- ^ Yavuz Bağcı, Süleyman Doğu, Galip Akaydın: Acantholimon doganii sp. nov. (Plumbaginaceae) with persistent circinnate leaf bases, a new species from Turkey. In: Nordic Journal of Botany , Volume 27, 2009, pp. 228-231. doi : 10.1111 / j.1756-1051.2008.00390.x
- ↑ a b Acantholimon in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. Retrieved on 2018-08-24.
- ↑ BK Iğci, ST Körüklü, Z. Aytaç: Acantholimon gemicianum (Plumbaginaceae), a new species from Turkey. In: Annales Botanici Fennici , Volume 54, 2017, pp. 83-88. doi : 10.5735 / 085.054.0312
- ↑ Galip Akaydin: Acantholimon ibrahimii (Plumbaginaceae), a new species of A. section Staticopsis from the Mediterranean part of Turkey. In: Phytotaxa , Volume 340, Issue 1, February 2018. doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.340.1.2
- ↑ Leo Jelitto, Wilhelm Schacht: The free-range ornamental shrubs. Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1990, pp. 9-10.
- ↑ Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 43).
Web links
- Acantholimon at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Data sheet of the Alpine Garden Society .
- Datasheet at Ornamental Plants From Russia And Adjacent States Of The Former Soviet Union .
- Datasheet with photos at Flora of Israel online .
- Illustration of several species found in China in Flora of China .
further reading
- PH Davis, JR Edmondson: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. Volume 7, Edinburgh University Press, 1982, Acantholimon Boiss. on pp. 478-502.
- HM Doğan, M. Doğan, Galip Akaydın, F. Celep: Mapping and analyzing the diversity of the genus Acantholimon taxa in Turkey by geographic information systems (GIS). In: Turkish Journal of Botany , Volume 35, 2011, pp. 91–110. doi : 10.3906 / bot-0910-193