Adrienne Rich

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Audre Lorde , Meridel Le Sueur and Adrienne Rich (left to right, 1980)

Adrienne Cecile Rich (born May 16, 1929 in Baltimore , Maryland , † March 27, 2012 in Santa Cruz , California ) was an American feminist , poet , lecturer and author.

Life

Adrienne Rich was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1929, the elder of the two daughters of Arnold Rice Rich, a doctor and pathology professor at Johns Hopkins University , and Helen Elizabeth Jones, a gifted pianist and composer who wanted to devote themselves to their family , had given up a possible professional career as a musician, was born. In 1933, her sister, Cynthia Marshall Rich, was also born in Baltimore.

In 1951, Rich graduated from Radcliffe College and won the prestigious Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition for her first book, A Change of World . WH Auden , the judge on that award, wrote a foreword for the book, which became notorious for its classic male condescension and paternalism towards female artists. In 1953, Rich married Alfred Conrad, a Harvard economist, and moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts , where she gave birth to three sons over the next five years. Rich's third book, Snapshots of a Daughter-in-Law (1963), on which she worked for eight years, marked a turning point in her poetic development. The criticism reacted negatively to Snapshots and accused her of the bitterness of her tone. It was also criticized for having deviated from the primary concern for form and emotional control.

In 1966, Rich moved to New York when her husband accepted a call to City College . She has taught under the SEEK program, a program created specifically to improve the English proficiency of prospective students from poor black families as well as from the developing world. It raised highly political questions about the clash of different cultural codes and the relationship between language and power, questions that should remain of central importance in Adrienne Rich's work. She was also greatly impressed by the works of James Baldwin and Simone de Beauvoir at the time . Although Rich and her husband both participated in social justice movements, the main focus of their involvement was in the women's movement. Leaflets (1969), The Will to Change (1971), and Diving into the Wreck (1973), which won the National Book Award in 1974 , demonstrated an increasing confidence in one's own strength as Rich fought against the ravages patriarchy in psychological and literary causes.

Rich has taught at Swarthmore College , Columbia University , Brandeis , Rutgers , Cornell , San Jose State, and Stanford University . Since 1976 she lived with the writer and editor Michelle Cliff. She was active in the movement for gay and lesbian rights, in the movement for the right to abortion, and in the progressive Jewish movement New Jewish Agenda . In 1981 she received the Fund for Human Dignity Award from the National Gay Task Force. Her poetry has been honored with two Guggenheim Fellowships , the first Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize , the Brandeis Creative Arts Medal, the Common Wealth Award, the William Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement, the National Poetry Association Award for Distinguished Service to the Art of Poetry , one MacArthur Fellowship, the Academy of American Poets Fellowship, a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Lannan Foundation , the Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize , the Frost Medal, and the 2010 Griffin Poetry Prize for Lifetime Achievement. In 1991 she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

In 1997, Rich refused to accept the National Medal of Arts , saying, “I cannot accept an award from President Clinton or the White House because what I understand art to represent is incompatible with the cynical politics of that administration . ”In 1992 her poetry collection An Atlas of the Difficult World: Poems 1988-1991 received the Lambda Literary Award . In 1996 she received another Lambda Award for the book of poetry Dark Fields of the Republic and a third for Fox in 2002 . In February 2003, Rich, along with other poets, refused to attend a White House symposium on Poetry and the American Voice in protest of the Iraq war . For her book School Among the Ruins , Rich won the National Book Critics Circle Award for poetry in 2004 .

Adrienne Rich died in March 2012 at her home in Santa Cruz, California, aged 82.

Works

German

  • Born of women. Motherhood as an experience and an institution . Women's offensive, Munich 1978
  • The dream of a common language. Poems 1974–1977 . Women's offensive, Munich 1980
  • Dagmar Schultz (Ed.): Power & Sensuality. Selected texts by Audre Lorde and Adrienne Rich . Sub-Rosa (today: Orlanda), Berlin 1983; 4th A. 1993, ISBN 3-922166-13-X
  • To write about freedom. Contributions to the women's movement . Suhrkamp ( edition suhrkamp 1583), Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-518-11583-9

English

  • A Change of World (Yale UP, 1951)
  • The Diamond Cutters and Other Poems (Harper, 1955)
  • Snapshots of a Daughter-in-Law: Poems, 1954–1962 (Harper, 1963)
  • Necessities of Life (Norton, 1966)
  • Leaflets: Poems, 1965-1968 (Norton, 1969)
  • The Will to Change: Poems, 1968-1970 (Norton, 1971)
  • Diving Into the Wreck: Poems, 1971–1972 (Norton, 1973) (including Rape )
  • Poems: Selected and New, 1950-1974 (Norton, 1974)
  • Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution (Norton, 1976)
  • Twenty-One Love Poems (Effie's Press, 1977)
  • The Dream of a Common Language: Poems, 1974-1977 (Norton, 1978)
  • On Lies, Secrets and Silence: Selected Prose, 1966–1978 (Norton, 1979)
  • A Wild Patience Has Taken Me This Far: Poems, 1978-1981 (Norton, 1981)
  • Sources (Heyeck Press, 1983)
  • The Fact of a Doorframe: Poems Selected and New, 1950–1984 (Norton, 1984)
  • Your Native Land, Your Life (Norton, 1986)
  • Blood, Bread and Poetry: Selected Prose, 1979–1986 (Norton, 1986)
  • Time's Power: Poems, 1985–1988 (Norton, 1988)
  • An Atlas of the Difficult World: Poems, 1988–1991 (Norton, 1991)
  • Collected Early Poems, 1950-1970 (Norton, 1993)
  • What Is Found There: Notebooks on Poetry and Politics (Norton, 1993)
  • Dark Fields of the Republic, 1991-1995 (Norton, 1995)
  • Midnight Salvage: Poems 1995–1998 (Norton 1999)
  • Fox: Poems 1998-2000 (Norton 2001)
  • Voices , translated from the Spanish of Antonio Porchia (Copper Canyon Press, 2003)
  • The School Among the Ruins: Poems 2000-2004 (Norton 2004)
  • Telephone Ringing in the Labyrinth: Poems 2004–2006 (Norton 2007)
  • Tonight No Poetry Will Serve: Poems 2007-2010 (Norton 2011)

literature

Web links

Commons : Adrienne Rich  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Obituary of the Los Angeles Times (English)
  2. ↑ US poet and feminist Adrienne Rich has died. diepresse.com. Retrieved April 3, 2012 .
  3. ^ Adrienne Rich, Influential Feminist Poet, Dies at 82, Obituary in The New York Times
  4. ↑ Poets Against the War article from In These Times, February 14, 2003
personal data
SURNAME Rich, Adrienne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rich, Adrienne Cecile (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American feminist, poet, lecturer, and author
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Baltimore , Maryland
DATE OF DEATH March 27, 2012
Place of death Santa Cruz , California