Aitzenbach
| Aitzenbach | ||
 The Aitzenbach flows into the USA from the right |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 2484856 | |
| location |
Taunus
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| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Usa → Weather → Nidda → Main → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | south of Ober-Mörlen 50 ° 20 ′ 15 ″ N , 8 ° 39 ′ 12 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 401 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | near Ober-Mörlen in the USA Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 59 " N , 8 ° 40 ′ 13" E 50 ° 21 ′ 59 " N , 8 ° 40 ′ 13" E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 175 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 226 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 57 ‰ | |
| length | 4 km | |
| Catchment area | 4.179 km² | |
| Discharge A Eo : 4.179 km² at the mouth |
MQ Mq |
31.6 l / s 7.6 l / (s km²) |
 Lower source of the main course from the southeast |
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The Aitzenbach is an approximately 4 km long right and southern tributary of the USA . It rises in the Ober-Mörler area in the Taunus Quellmulden on the northern slope of the Winterstein- Taunus ridge below the Winterstein summit . The individual source streams flow in the forest to the northeast, the last about 2 km combined, the last about one and a half kilometers through meadows. South of the Ober-Mörler district of Maiberg , at river km 13.6, lies the confluence with the USA.
geography
Recent history
The Aitzenbach rises from several sources on the north side of the Winterstein- Taunus ridge south of Ober-Mörlen . Some of them drain into artificially created trenches, the course of which has been changed several times, so that maps no longer reflect the reality of 2019. In addition, wg. the former military training activities of US armored forces from the Friedberger barracks Ray Barracks near the fortlet "Am calibration head" has been strengthened or created forest roads. As a result, individual spring streams and tributaries were simply cut off, like the former longest branch of the Aitzenbach, which is now only 2.6 km long. On the other hand, the ground of the deforested training area was compacted by driving on tanks so that enormous runoffs arose from the unforested area during heavy rain, which eroded the soil and made the B 275 in the Usatal partially impassable. For example, a storage basin was created at a tributary of the Aitzenbach, and ditches to other streams were upgraded as Greiner structures . On the occasion of the Second Gulf War in 1990/1991, the practicing US troops were relocated to Iraq, and the FFH area 5617-302 Eichkopf near Ober-Mörlen was created from the tank training area .
course
The Aitzenbach springs from several sources on the northern slope of the stone head . Some coincide with the beginning of their own spring branch, a few are captured, others show up as a groundwater outlet in the creek beds. Some of the brook beds give the impression of a natural development in that they flow down the slope in a winding, meandering manner and sometimes form deep gullies . This is facilitated by the locally varying amount and layer thickness of the slope being covered with fine silt . It can be assumed that strong runoff from the temporarily deforested Steinkopf contributed significantly to the formation of the runes. Other rivulets are recognizable in their straightness and constant trapezoidal cross-section as artificial trenches created by the forestry company. And they are networked with one another. Many of these trenches are dry and end at a dam that was later piled up, which at the same time represents an access route for heavy trucks to the former military training area of today's FFH area “Eichkopf bei Ober-Mörlen”.
Below this path, in the corridor of the ditches, the continuations of the cut-off trenches appear as mostly natural gullies. The Aitzenbach, which is officially shown on maps, is one of the interrupted streams. The gullies of the main course from the highest and the second highest source have large passages under the path. A ditch from the FFH area has a smaller passage, which flows into an old runway into which a dam was built, creating a temporarily filled reservoir that can moderate peak runoff from the FFH area. The Panzerstraße , which runs roughly higher and parallel to the dam path and is laid out with concrete slabs, has a large number of culverts.
Above the dam path, the creeks have repeatedly washed away chunks of sandstone. They apparently belong to the Rosbach-Rockenberger layers, sediments of the Zechstein Sea , which cover the Hercynian or Variscan Taunus basement in the eastern part. Below the dam path there are more quartz-containing rocks in the stream beds.
Below the Pentecostal or Tröpfel fountain , today on the edge of the forest, there was a desert until the 15th century , the hamlet of Eizebach . Presumably the oil mill on the USA belonged to the place.
Main run
The highest source of the Aitzenbach ⊙ is lined with alders , in a mixed forest south and above Wintersteinstrasse or Usinger Strasse (in the area around 380-390 meters high), the only connection between Wetterau and Hintertaunus until the 19th century . about 100 meters from her, ¾ km west of the Forsthaus Winterstein restaurant at an altitude of 401 m. The stream is dammed several times in the stream, which initially leads northwards and later northeastwards through mixed and deciduous forest. The youngest reservoir became a FFH area in spring 2020 when it reached the heavily paved road. Below that, the stream has been diverted into an artificially created ditch that flows into the original stream. In a large passage, it crosses a forest path that runs on a heaped dam that simply covers many of the streams coming from the Winterstein.
The second highest source of the Aitzenbach ⊙ is 376 m high and is also lined with alder trees in a mixed forest to the north and below the Wintersteinstrasse or Usinger Strasse and about ½ km as the crow flies northwest of the Forsthaus Winterstein restaurant . It forms a clearly recognizable hollow in the terrain, which was previously connected to another one, slightly higher in a north-westerly direction and about 15 meters away.
About 50 meters in a south-easterly direction from the second highest spring, there is another enclosed spring a little higher on the north side of a sloping forest path ⊙ . Its drain flows into the source branch on the west side of a crossing forest path, which emanates from the second highest source of the Aitzenbach. The thus combined stream has an artificially created bed below the heavily paved road to the FFH area. Coming out of a natural bed, it crosses a large passage under a forest path that runs on a heaped dam that simply covers many of the streams coming from the Winterstein. This source branch, after 0.9 km, and that of the highest source, after 1.5 km, soon unite below this path at a height of 312 m to the Aitzenbach ⊙ .
In the silty soil below the heaped forest path, the Aitzenbach was able to dig itself into a several meters deep notch valley with steep walls, a run. In the steep valley walls, springs repeatedly emerge that wash away the silt, thereby forming bays and thus making the deep, steep valley seem to meander . About 200 m below the confluence, a stream flows into a natural run from the left. At ⊙, the stream flows through a reservoir at a height of 306 m. It is used to absorb strong runoff from the FFH area. The road ditch of the path and a ditch through the mixed forest bring the drains from the FFH area up to the opening under the heaped forest path. Both are each connected to the FFH area via a passage under the concrete slab access road to the former tank training area.
About ½ km below the confluence with the Aitzenbach are the fishing ponds of the fishing club ⊙ . They are fed by the Aitzenbach, which flows around them to the east and absorbs the stream from the run of the official Aitzenbach branch.
Tributary
In the form of a pool, in a very dense, young strip of coniferous forest at an altitude of 415 m, there is an even higher source ⊙ , about 350 m south and above Wintersteinstrasse or Usinger Strasse or 600 m as the crow flies southwest of the Forsthaus Winterstein restaurant . The stream that rises here flows through a small reservoir and near the road a forest with several artificially created, intersecting or interconnected ditches. It flows into the ditch on the south side and flows in it eastward. On a forest path that leads steeply into the road from the south, the stream crosses under the road and crosses in a straight line and northwards, with trees and bushes on both sides, with a kink an orchard meadow and pasture belonging to the former forester's house. At the edge of the forest, Inges Baude's fenced property , a wooden weekend hut, picks him up and releases him into another ditch. About 15 m higher, a spring on the property drains into the same ditch, which is about 50 m below this and a little later under another forest path. It flows into a natural stream bed that comes from Wintersteinstrasse or Usinger Strasse west of the pasture. Like the other streams, it changes its character from natural to artificial beneath the heavily paved road to the FFH area.
Virtual tributary?
Even further up on the Winterstein-Taunuskamm there is another source in the WFD viewer or geoportal of the state of Hesse, which feeds the official branch of the Aitzenbach. In 2019, nothing can be seen of this spring and the associated stream, instead there are old drainage channels, pools and groundwater outlets in the area. There is also no straight ditch to the northwest of the pasture and there is no connection to a ditch at Inges Baude that currently (2019) crosses a windthrow area and officially bears the name "Aitzenbach" as the easternmost branch. This branch ends, or begins, on the forest path that runs on a heaped dam, which, in addition to this, simply covers up other streams coming from the Winterstein ⊙ at a height of 315 meters. Below this dam, the partly original creek still exists about 700 m further. The dry stream crosses an area made of birch and spruce that was reforested in the 20th century (very inexpensive). At its lowest about 100 m, the old rune has some groundwater outlets , but these do not fill the bed with water throughout. After crossing a forest path, the stream bed flows into the Aitzenbach at km 1.9.
United main run
The runways of the two Aitzenbach branches flow close together into a wide, flat basin with steep valley walls. It offers space for fishing ponds for the fishing club, a fork in some sections of the unified Aitzenbach (and its union), several springs in the swampy or boggy valley floor and an alder forest. This is followed on the right-hand side by the fenced Pentecost or Tröpfel fountain in the steep valley wall, several meters high. Beyond the edge of the site is a settlement with fenced-in weekend houses. From there, a narrow, combined riding, bike and footpath leads down into the valley and through a ford, which is also accompanied by a makeshift footbridge. On the left bank, the path leads up the less steep valley wall to a forest path that connects the FFH area with another settlement with weekend houses, Waldwiese-Boddenberg , and thereby opens up the fish ponds.
Below this ford the Aitzenbach reaches the edge of the forest, in which it initially remains. Near the right bank, outside of the forest, there is an acid-silicate meadow, the Klingelwiesen , which is used as pasture for calves and horses. Before the Second World War, this hilly, fenced-in meadow landscape, into which the stream soon penetrates, was used for collective rearing of the calves from the region. Today u. a. in the meadow there is a large, tall, gray-haired back horse. It is still occasionally used by Hessenforst for forest work. The Aitzenbach used to be used and is now used as a cattle trough, with a partial stream flowing through a stone trough.
The meadow ends at a paved path that comes up from the B 275 in the Usatal and leads to the Waldwiese-Boddenberg settlement . It opens up the weekend houses in the south at the Tröpfelbrunnen and directly the pasture and below it further fish ponds, which the Aitzenbach feeds, but flows around east. Several dry and road ditches flow into it in the area. In addition, for its last kilometer, the Aitzenbach changes the direction of flow from southwest → northeast to roughly south → north, one last slope down to the Usa. At first there is mixed forest on the left bank, which is replaced after ¼ km by loose orchards up to the main road, on the right there are meadows and arable land. The last 300 m to the Usa, the Aitzenbach is bordered by a row of trees and bushes rich in herbs, which crosses the Usa floodplain, which is used as a hay meadow.
It finally opens at an altitude of about 175 m above sea level. NHN south of the upper Moerler settlement area Maiberg at km 13.62 of the right and south into the most recently coming from the Northeast United States .
Its approximately 4 km long run ends about 226 meters below its source, so it has a mean bed gradient of about 57 ‰.
Usa River System
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )
- ↑ Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )
- ↑ Incorrect representation of the stream in the WFD viewer. Retrieved August 26, 2020 .
- ↑ The Ray Barracks in the English language Wikipedia
- ↑ Two picture examples for the special way of building torrents with tree trunks
- ↑ Historical examples from the Salzkammergut on pp. 33, 42, 45, 62 ff , 115
- ↑ Determination by the Darmstadt Regional Council
