Alarm and release order

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Workplace of a control center

An alarm and response regulations ( AAO ) in Germany general rules for alerting the emergency service when using documents. It is important to avert danger .

structure

An alarm and disengagement order consists of alarm keywords, alarm levels and the resulting alarm reactions. The alarm keyword consists of a short, concise word that defines the type of alarm. The alarm level describes the extent or size of an alarm in the form of a number or words such as “small”, “medium” or “large”. The combination of alarm keyword and alarm level contrasts with alarm reactions - i.e. what should be alarmed in a certain case.

In Germany , similar alarm keywords or "alarm categories" have developed in the field of aid organizations , which are usually abbreviated with a letter followed by the alarm level as a number (for example "F2").

In the case of major incidents , the keywords full alarm or major alarm or MANV ( mass casualty ) are also used. In particularly severe cases, a state of emergency can be declared, a tactical adaptation of the organizational processes that, in contrast to the state of emergency or the state of emergency, which is also referred to as a state of emergency, has no legal effects.

AAO for fire and rescue services

The alarm and disengagement regulations are used by the responsible operations control center , which is responsible for accepting emergency calls , among other things , in order to achieve the best possible reaction to certain alarm keywords. An important criterion is the time until the necessary rescue equipment is available (assistance period ). Voluntary fire brigades, for example, need a certain amount of time before they are available, professional fire brigades are available more quickly - but are almost exclusively only available in large cities. In addition, the units are equipped differently. The respective alarm system of the fire brigade plays a relevant role here. The AAO depends on the distribution of team and equipment in the country as well as on the area of ​​responsibility of the control center or existing country or county boundaries.

The AAO is in the working data of the software stored the control center, taking care of appropriate emergency plans to be alarming units. This enables optimal alerting, as the software has information about the operational status of certain vehicles, among other things. This means, for example, that no vehicles are alerted that are defective or already in use. In Germany, the radio reporting system (FMS) is used for this.

Different vehicles or vehicle combinations are alerted depending on the alarm keyword (e.g. "fire" or "emergency service") and the alert level specified by the dispatcher (e.g. "B3" or "H1"). If one or more extinguishing trains approach the scene of a fire, rescue trains are alerted for assistance and dangerous goods trains are alerted in the case of operations involving dangerous goods . In the case of small operations (rubbish bin fires, emergency door opening, fallen tree), only individual vehicles can be alarmed - also applicable in case of dubious reports from fire alarm systems with frequent false alarms , a post- alarm is always possible. In the case of major incidents, on the other hand, “general alarms” are triggered and “ regional help ” from other communities or districts is called in.

The AAO also determines whether and which special forces are called in for an operation, e.g. B .:

Exceptions In special cases, those responsible ( operations manager , control center manager) can deviate from the AAO if it is necessary for better and faster help. For tactical reasons, emergency vehicles , for example a turntable ladder in the event of a rescue on the ice, can be carried along on the instructions of the head of operations without them having been alerted by the control center . The control center must, however, be informed of any deviations.

Individual evidence

  1. Holger Könnecke: Draft of a crisis management handbook: Recommendations for action using the example of a large-scale power failure , 2013, Chapter 2.2.2 State of emergency, pp. 15-17, ISBN 9783844102741 .
  2. Matthias Ott, Marc Peter Hofmann, Nils Böger: Use in extreme weather events . Chapter 3.1 Alarm planning. Pp. 93-94. ecomed-Storck 2018, ISBN 9783609775036 .
  3. Written request from MP Burkard Dregger (CDU) dated February 28, 2019 on the topic: Emergency emergency service at the Berlin fire brigade. Printed matter 18/18 072 .
  4. ^ Ordinance on the organization, minimum strength and equipment of public fire brigades (Fire Brigade Organization Ordinance - FwOV). (PDF; 114 kB) The Hessian Minister of the Interior and for Sport, accessed on February 11, 2019 .