Alfred Frenzel

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Alfred Frenzel (born September 18, 1899 in Josefsthal , Bohemia ; † July 23, 1968 in Liberec , Czechoslovakia ) was a German SPD politician . He was a member of the state parliament in Bavaria and then from 1953 a member of the Bundestag. On October 31, 1960, he was exposed as a spy Anna of the Czechoslovak State Security Authority , after which he was arrested and expelled from the federal parliament. He was 15 years in 1961 prison sentenced, but in the course reported in late 1966 of a prisoner exchange in Czechoslovakia.

Life

Frenzel originally came from Bohemia and belonged to the German minority there. He spent his first years in an orphanage, as his mother died giving birth and his father also died shortly afterwards. He was then accepted into the family of a glassware manufacturer. After leaving school in 1913, he completed an apprenticeship as a baker and pastry chef in Reichenberg . Due to illness, he was not drafted into the Austrian army, but in 1921 he had to serve for a year as a medical soldier in the Czechoslovak Army, which was founded in 1918 . At the end of 1921 he took a job as an unskilled worker in the glassworks in Josefsthal and worked there until 1930 as a smelter and smelter. From 1925 he worked temporarily as a sales representative for a medical goods store. The reason was a strike in the glassworks, which made him unemployed for that time. During this time he was also arrested for 14 days for a drug offense . Frenzel joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in 1921 , married in 1922 and from 1930 was a branch manager of a communist consumer cooperative in Karlsbad for a while, later he also became a branch manager in Bohemian Wiesenthal . When he was supposed to be transferred to the headquarters of the cooperative in 1932, a shortfall of around 2,000 kroner was discovered, which he tried to cover up with incorrect bookings in the other branch. Because of these irregularities, Frenzel resigned both his position and his membership in the Communist Party, thus anticipating his exclusion. He then joined the German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic (DSAP), where he was a member of the district board for Reichenberg and took on other voluntary tasks. In 1934 he was employed by the party as an advertiser and remained so until 1938, when he emigrated to Great Britain via Prague shortly before the annexation by Germany . During the Second World War he served as a medic in a Czech unit abroad and later became a sergeant head of an officers' kitchen in the Royal Air Force . He was a member of the 'Trust Community of Sudeten German Social Democrats' and had contacts with places in exile in Czechoslovakia. After the war he was head of a resettlement office for former DSAP members from August 1945 and moved to Bavaria in December 1946 , first to Schwabmünchen and later to Klosterlechfeld .

Postwar Politics

Frenzel had been a member of the SPD since 1946. With the American occupation forces on the former air base he obtained the clearance of a camp for displaced persons. At the same time he took care of the formation of cooperatives to provide work for these displaced persons. In 1948 he became the head of this camp and initially a member of the district council of the Schwabmünchen district . From 1950 to 1954 he was a member of the Bavarian State Parliament and a member of the parliamentary group's executive committee. He was also deputy chairman of the SPD district of southern Bavaria. Later he was deputy chairman of the security committee in the SPD executive committee. In the federal election on September 6, 1953 , he was elected to the German Bundestag for the first time. In the previous election campaign, the candidate of the GB / BHE , Georg Spandel , publicly held his past ( CP membership and criminal machinations) in front of him in the fight for the votes of the expellees . Frenzel sued the competitor for defamation and perjury for this purpose in court , for which he won the trial and the 77-year-old Spandel went to prison. Frenzel moved into the federal parliament via the state list of the SPD Bavaria . He was a full member of the Committee on Foreign Trade Issues from 1953 to 1956 and was also a member of the Committee on Post and Telecommunications in his first term. From March 1954 he was a member of the Reparation Committee, which he also continued to belong to after the 1957 Bundestag election , in which he was again MdB via the state list. From 1957 he was on the Defense Committee and in February 1958 he took over from Otto Heinrich Greve as chair of the Reparation Committee.

Treason

Knowing about his past life and the perjury in court, he was blackmailed into intelligence cooperation by the Czechoslovak secret service since 1956 , after he had turned to the Czechoslovak military mission in the Federal Republic of Germany to enable his wife to visit her daughter in Prague . Frenzel passed the Bundestag documents, some of which were in need of confidentiality , to the intelligence service for copying and returned them to service after a certain period of time. At the end of 1959, his commanding officer even came to Frenzel's office in the Federal Palace and used his desk for ongoing processes. On October 28, 1960, Frenzel was exposed and arrested, this was announced on October 30, 1960. Among other things, he had disclosed information about the Bundeswehr and NATO as well as all the details of the 1961 budget. On November 4, 1960, he resigned his Bundestag mandate and chaired the committee. His successor in this office was Gerhard Jahn , and Hans Lautenschlager succeeded him in the Bundestag . Because of its activity as an agent , he was also from the SPD on 31 October 1960 ruled . On April 28, 1961, the Federal Court of Justice , chaired by Heinrich Jagusch, sentenced him to 15 years imprisonment for treason , and his civil rights were denied for ten years . He was imprisoned in Straubing prison and was exchanged in December 1966. For this purpose, Frenzel had to be pardoned by the Federal President Heinrich Lübke and had to take Czechoslovak citizenship while still in prison, as Germans were not allowed to be extradited abroad.

Frenzel spent the last year and a half of his life as a state pensioner in Liberec.

Honors

literature

  • Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (eds.), Bruno Jahn (collaborators): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag. 1949-2002. Vol. 1: A-M. KG Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , p. 224.
  • Richard Gerken : Spy in Bonn: the Frenzel case and others for the first time according to documents from the security authorities. Auer, Donauwörth 1964 (The Background; Vol. 1)
  • Georg Herbstritt : German citizens in the service of GDR espionage: An analytical study . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-35021-8

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Allen W. Dulles, The Craft of Intelligence (Lyons Press, 2006) p108; "Bonn Deputy Held as Spy for Czechs; Bundestag Aide Had Access to State and NATO Secrets - Seized in Parliament", New York Times , October 30, 1960, p13
  2. ↑ a b Cooking course for Kazakhstan . The mirror. January 2, 1967. Retrieved August 16, 2017.
  3. ↑ Frenzel case . The Federal Archives. Retrieved August 16, 2017.
  4. ↑ www.bstu.bund.de , content and reading sample ; Gerhard Wettig : to: Herbstritt In: H-Soz-u-Kult , 2008
personal data
SURNAME Frenzel, Alfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD), MdL, MdB
DATE OF BIRTH September 18, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Josefův Důl u Jablonce nad Nisou , Gablonz district
DATE OF DEATH July 23, 1968
Place of death Liberec , Reichenberg