Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland
Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland , KG PC (born September 29, 1602 in London - † October 13, 1668 ), was an English peer , military and politician.
Life
He was the eldest son of Henry Percy and his wife Dorothy . From 1608 he lived with his imprisoned father in the Tower . In 1615 he studied at St John's College in Cambridge , and between 1619 and 1624 he went on a grand tour of the Netherlands, France and Italy.
He was made Knight of the Bath in 1616 , from 1624 to 1625 he was a member of the House of Commons for Sussex and 1626 for Chichester , until he was bestowed the title of Lord Percy in 1626 and he was a member of the House of Lords from March 28, 1627 has been. Charles I gave him numerous offices, including 1626 as the Queen's Master of the Horse , 1626 as Lord Lieutenant for Cumberland , Northumberland and Westmorland, and 1636 for Sussex. After his father's death in 1632, he inherited his title and lands. As a confidante of Charles I , he was accepted into the Order of the Garter in 1635, in 1636 he became a member of the Privy Council , in 1635/36 and 1637/38 he served as Admiral, from 1638 to 1642 as Lord High Admiral . In the Episcopal Wars against Scotland he also served as a general in 1639 and 1640. As an admiral, he was unable to implement the necessary reforms and was condemned to inaction due to lack of money. As a friend of the Earl of Strafford , he had to testify against him in the high treason trial and could not prevent his execution.
Due to increasing rejection of the king's absolutist policy, he broke with Charles I in 1642 and took the side of parliament and became First Lord of the Admiralty in 1642/43 . As a moderate supporter of Parliament, he avoided active participation in the fighting of the English Civil War , but led negotiations with the King for Parliament, so from 1642 to 1643 in Oxford , 1645 in Uxbridge and 1648 in Newport . In 1645 the youngest children of Charles I were given into the care of Percy at his country estate, Syon House , and after the conquest of Oxford also the Duke of York . On April 21, 1648, however, the Duke of York was able to flee and escaped to Holland.
Northumberland voted against the execution of Charles I in 1649. During the Commonwealth he lived in seclusion and did not hold any public office. At the end of the Commonwealth he supported the restoration under Charles II , but voted against prosecuting the regicide . In 1660 he was again a member of the Privy Council and Lord Lieutenant for Sussex and Northumberland. At the coronation of Charles II in 1661 he acted as Lord High Constable , in 1662 he was Earl Marshal of England. However, he felt too old for life at the court of Charles II and withdrew to his country estates.
As early as the 1630s he was a patron of Van Dyck and was influenced by him to become an art collector. He acquired a total of 18 paintings by the painter. From 1640 to 1647 he rented York House , the London city palace of the Duke of Buckingham . In 1645 the parliament confiscated the rich collection of paintings in the house in order to destroy pictures ostracized as papist . Northumberland managed to prevent destruction and acquired some high-profile paintings, including a double portrait by Titian , two paintings by Andrea del Sarto, and eight miniatures by Elsheimer . Northumberland was later a sponsor of Peter Lely . His painting collection forms the basis of the Petworth House painting collection , where many of the paintings can still be seen today.
Family and offspring
He married Anne Cecil in 1629 (baptized February 23, 1612, † December 6, 1637), eldest daughter of William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury and his wife Catherine Howard . The couple had the following children:
- Catherine Percy (died as a child)
- Dorothy Percy (died as a child)
- Anne Percy (born December 19, 1633, † November 29, 1654), ∞ on June 21, 1652 Philip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield
- Elizabeth Percy (born December 1, 1636, † February 6, 1718), ∞ on May 19, 1653 Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
- Lucy Percy (died as a child)
On October 1, 1642, Northumberland married Elizabeth Howard (* around 1622, † March 11, 1704/05), the second daughter of Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk and his wife Elisabeth Home . He had the following children with her:
- Joceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland (July 4, 1644, † May 31, 1670)
- Elizabeth Percy (died as a child)
literature
- George A. Drake: Percy, Algernon, tenth earl of Northumberland (1602-1668). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
- Charles Harding Firth: Percy, Algernon (1602-1668) . In: Sidney Lee (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 44: Paston - Percy. , MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1895, pp. 385 - 390 (English).
- Christopher Rowell: The 10th Earl of Northumberland. In: Petworth House. The National Trust, 1997, pp. 62-67
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| William Juxon |
First Lord of the Admiralty 1642–1643 |
Francis Cottington |
| Henry Percy |
Earl of Northumberland 1632-1668 |
Joceline Percy |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Percy, Algernon, 10th Earl of Northumberland |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Northumberland, Algernon Percy 10th Earl of |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English nobleman, military man and statesman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 29, 1602 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | London |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 13, 1668 |