Old Town (Weißenburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The old town hall is located in the geographical center of the northern old town
The Ellinger Tor from the 14th century is the town's landmark and is the only preserved town gate in Weißenburg
The city ​​church of St. Andreas , with its 65 meter high Andreasturm, is the tallest building in the old town
The Blue House on Rosenstrasse

The old town of Weißenburg is the historic center of the former imperial city of Weißenburg , a large district town in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen . The historic city center is a ground monument and is under ensemble protection . The old town corresponds to the area within the city wall and its up to 30 meters wide trench, which is partly filled in or still filled with water.

description

The old town has the shape of a square with rounded corners. With a circumference of around 2 kilometers, the old town has an area of ​​29 hectares . The largest north-south extension between the town customs house of Ellinger Gate in the north and a tower of shooting grave wall from the 14th century to the south is 617 meters. The largest east-west expansion between an inn from 1815 (Nördliche Ringstrasse 20) in the east and the former commandant's house of the Wülzburg from 1866 in the west is around 635 meters.

The northern old town , congruent with the old town before the city expansion in 1372, is the more densely built-up and oldest part of the old town. That is why the five oldest town houses in Weißenburg are located here ( Luitpoldstraße 16 , Judengasse 14 , Marktplatz 3 , Rosenstraße 10 and Rosenstraße 18 ), the three large squares of the city, namely Am Hof , Luitpoldstraße and Marktplatz as well as the St. Andreas church and the old town hall .

The suburb , also known as the southern old town , was created by the city expansion in 1372 and is accordingly younger and not as densely built up as the northern old town.

history

Around 500 three settlement cores of the later city emerged in the area of ​​the northern old town. In 1188 Weißenburg was first referred to as burgus . The first city ​​wall dates from the 12th and 13th centuries. The population of Weißenburg, which was made an imperial city in 1296, rose rapidly in the 14th century, which is why an imperial tax privilege was used to finance a city expansion to the south. The planning was so generous that settlement outside the city wall was only necessary in the 19th century. At that time several buildings were demolished due to the modernization of the city, for example the Frauentor (1878), the Obertor (1874), the Schrecker Tower (1824/1825) and part of the Schanzmauer (1874). The demolition of the Ellinger Tor and the old town hall could be prevented. In a bombing raid on Weißenburg during the Second World War on February 23, 1945, 22 people were killed, but the old town was largely spared.

Attractions

The cityscape is characterized by late medieval half-timbered houses , baroque town houses and Gothic representative buildings:

See also

literature

  • Gotthard Kießling: City of Weißenburg i. Bay. (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume V.70 / 2 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-87490-582-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ own measurement with BayernViewer
  2. ↑ Description on BayernViewer-denkmal
  3. ↑ Description on BayernViewer-denkmal
  4. ^ History of Weißenburg

Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′ 51.1 ″  N , 10 ° 58 ′ 23.6 ″  E