Amomum carnosum
| Amomum carnosum | ||||||||||||
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| Amomum carnosum | ||||||||||||
| VPThomas & M.Sabu |
Amomum carnosum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in northeast India.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amomum carnosum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 30 to 45 centimeters. The slender, runners-forming rhizomes are 0.3 to 0.7 centimeters thick, are creamy white on the inside and covered with scales on the outside. The membrane-like and fluffy hairy scales on the outside are oval-elongated with a length of 1.5 to 3 centimeters and a width of 0.5 to 2.5 centimeters. The rhizome is about 20 centimeters long between the individual "pseudostems". Occasionally white and fluffy outside hairy tubers are formed, which are elliptical to elongated with a length of 1 to 1.5 centimeters. From each rhizome there are several slender shoot axes . At the base, the stems have a green, rarely pale brown speckled leaf sheaths with fluffy hairs on the outside with hairless, membrane-like edges and round upper end, which are 0.8 to 1 centimeter wide. The split, membrane-like ligules are hairy on the outside and are 1 to 1.8 centimeters long; their upper end is rounded to pointy and their edges are ciliate. They fall off early.
Each stem has two to three leaves . These are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The pale green, somewhat furrowed petiole is 4 to 10 centimeters long and hairless. The simple leaf blade is elliptical with a length of 19 to 31 centimeters and a width of 6.5 to 1 centimeters with an unequal leaf base and a pointed, up to 1 centimeter long upper end. The green upper side of the leaf, like the pale green underside of the leaf, is hairless. The leaves have increased leaf veins on the upper side. The slightly wavy leaf margins are as bare as the green central rib.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period as well as the fruit ripeness of Amomum carnosum covers the months May to September. Underground and directly at the stem base from the rhizome, an inflorescence stem that is 8.5 to 10.5 centimeters long and in which the six to eight flowers are close together develops on a 2.5 to 4.5 centimeter long inflorescence stem . The white and pink speckled, hairless and fleshy outer bracts are egg-shaped with a length of about 3 centimeters and a width of about 3.4 centimeters with a rounded upper end and membrane-like edges. The white, thin inner bracts with fluffy hairs on the outside are lanceolate with a length of 1.7 to 2 centimeters and a width of around 0.4 centimeters with an approximately round upper end and ciliate edges. Cover sheets are missing.
The hermaphrodite, white flowers are 6.3 to 7.5 centimeters long and zygomorphic and triple with double perianth and are on a 0.3 centimeter long peduncle. The three outer fluffy hairs, white and membrane-like sepals are tubular fused with each other and are with a length of 3 to 3.6 centimeters and a width of 0.5 to 0.7 centimeters shorter than the corolla tube. They are unevenly deeply lobed and have a pointed upper end. The white petals are fused into a 3.1 to 3.8 centimeter long and about 0.6 centimeter wide corolla tube with fluffy hair on the outside and at the opening with three also white corolla lobes, both on the outside and on the The inside are hairless. The middle corolla lobe is lanceolate with a length of 3 to 3.4 centimeters and a width of 1.2 to 1.4 centimeters with a sharply pointed and concealed upper end and ciliate edges. With a length of 3 to 3.4 centimeters and a width of 1 to 1.4 centimeters, the two lateral corolla lobes are somewhat narrower, also lanceolate in shape and slightly folded at the tip. Only the middle of the 2.2 to 2.4 cm long stamens of the inner circle is fertile ; it has a 0.5 to 0.6 centimeter long and 0.3 to 0.4 centimeter wide, fluffy outside and glandular hairy inside, white stamen . The two creamy white halves of the anthers seldom with downy hair at the base are elongated at a length of about 1.4 centimeters. Three of the staminodes of the inner circle have fused to form a white obovate labellum with a red center and pale yellow tip, which is 3.5 to 3.9 centimeters long and 2.4 to 2.6 centimeters wide. The labellum is hairy on the inside. The lateral, fluffy hairy, white staminodes are awl-shaped and 0.1 to 0.2 centimeters long. Three carpels are long to a dreikammerigen and 0.4 to 0.5 centimeters and about 0.3 centimeters wide, fluffy hairy spherical ovary grown, with numerous ovules in each ovary chamber. The stylus is about 4.7 centimeters long and hairless. The cup-shaped white scar has a diameter of around 1 millimeter.
Each inflorescence can form one to three winged capsule fruits , which are located in an infructescence. The spherical capsule fruits with a diameter of 0.7 to 1 centimeter are reddish purple in color when ripe. They have a downy, hairy surface and contain many seeds. The seeds are 2 to 3 millimeters long and have a white aril .
Occurrence
The natural range of Amomum carnosum is in the state of Nagaland in northeast India . As far as is known so far, it includes the districts of Mokokchung and Tuensang where it grows in evergreen and semi-evergreen forests.
Taxonomy
It was first described as Amomum carnosum in 2012 by VP Thomas and Mamiyil Sabu in Kew Bulletin , Volume 67, Number 3, Page 549. The specific epithet carnosum refers to the fleshy outer bracts of the species.
swell
- VP Thomas, M. Sabu & SK Chathurvedi: Amomum carnosum (Zingiberaceae): a new species from Nagaland, north-east India . In: Kew Bulletin . tape 67 , no. 3 , 2012, ISSN 0075-5974 , p. 549-553 .