Amomum celsum

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Amomum celsum
Systematics
Order : Gingery (Zingiberales)
Family : Ginger family (Zingiberaceae)
Subfamily : Alpinioideae
Tribe : Alpinieae
Genre : Amomum
Type : Amomum celsum
Scientific name
Amomum celsum
Lamxay & MF Newman

Amomum celsum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in southeastern Laos and central Vietnam .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Amomum celsum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of about 2.5 meters. The white rhizomes , which reach deep into the ground, are about 0.7 to 1 centimeter thick, hairless, somewhat grooved and covered with scales on the outside. The leathery, hairless on the outside and grooved pink-red to dark brown scales are egg-shaped with a length of 1 to 2 centimeters wide with a pointed upper end. They fall off after a short time. The rhizome is about 15 centimeters long between the individual “pseudostems”. From each rhizome 3 a loose go to 15, Horst fine stems or "pseudo stems" from. On the slightly swollen base with a diameter of 1 to 1.5 centimeters, the stems have pink-red to green, externally glaucous and hairless and grooved leaf sheaths . The pink-red to light green, leathery and egg-shaped ligules are tomentose on the outside and are 0.5 to 0.7 centimeters long; their upper end is truncated to rounded and the edges are ciliate.

Each stem has about 20 leaves . These are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The green runny petiole is bare and is very short with a length of 0.2 to 0.5 centimeters. The simple leaf blade is elongated to oblong to oblong-lanceolate with a length of 14 to 35 centimeters and a width of 2 to 8 centimeters with a pointed leaf base and long tailed, about 3.5 centimeters long upper end. The dark green upper side of the leaf is bare just like the light green and glauke underside of the leaf. The leaf blades show a conspicuous leaf veins on the underside. The leaf margins are entire.

Generative characteristics

Close to the stem base from the rhizome, on an approximately 2 meter long and 0.5 centimeter thick, green and, with the exception of the bare base, tomentose-haired inflorescence shaft develops, with a length of about 10 centimeters and a diameter of 3 to 5 centimeters -cylindrical inflorescence in which the flowers are close together. One inflorescence is formed per stem and one or two flowers bloom at the same time. The inflorescence stem is covered with reddish green to brown, hard-leather, grooved and rough on the outside as well as tomentose hairy scales with paper-like to ciliate edges, a pointed upper end and a leaf-like spur about 1 millimeter long and about 2 millimeters wide , which can be differently shaped . The scales at the base of the shaft are egg-shaped with a length of 1 to 2 centimeters and a width of 1 to 1.5 centimeters, while they are elongated-linearly shaped in the central shaft area and between 10 and 20 centimeters long and 1.5 to 2 Be inches wide. In the upper shaft area they are again elongated-lanceolate and 3 to 5 centimeters long and 1.3 to 1.5 centimeters wide. The pink-red to dark brown externally filzig hairy, grooved and hartledrigen but also paper-like supporting sheets are at a length of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters and a width of 0.5 to 1 centimeters long to boat-shaped with clipped to rounded upper end and with long white hair lashed edges. Each of the bracts has a single flower. The pink-red, membrane-like but very thin 0.5 to 0.6 cm long and around 0.2 cm wide bracts are fused at their base to form a 0.3 cm long tube with tomentose hair on the outside, which is simply serrated. The toothed tip is about 0.2 inches long and is covered with long hair.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold with double, white perianth . The three light brown and membrane-like, but thin sepals are fused together in a tubular shape over a length of 0.5 to 0.6 centimeters and are shorter than the corolla tube with a length of 1 to 1.2 centimeters and a width of about 0.2 centimeters . They are triple-toothed, the calyx teeth are 0.2 to 0.6 centimeters long and have a felty hairy outside and a cap-shaped tip. The three white and 2 to 2.5 centimeters long, membrane-like and bare petals are fused into a 1 to 1.2 centimeter long, leathery and hairless corolla tube. There are three also white and hairless, membrane-like corolla lobes. The middle corolla lobe is 1 to 1.3 centimeters long and 0.8 to 1 centimeter wide with a cap-shaped upper end. The two lateral crown lobes are a bit narrower with a length of 1 to 1.3 centimeters and a width of 0.6 to 0.7 centimeters and also have a cap-shaped upper end. Only the middle of the stamens of the inner circle is fertile . The fertile stamen has a flattened, about 0.3 centimeter long, bare, white stamen . The two white but reddish-brown halves of the hairless anthers along the gap are oblong with a length of about 0.6 centimeters and a width of about 0.3 centimeters. The three staminodes of the inner circle have grown together to form a labellum . The membrane-like labellum, 1.5 to 1.6 centimeters long and equally wide, is white with a yellow stripe in the middle; it is tomentose at the base and in the middle, and has a triple lobed and wavy tip. The lateral, white staminodes are awl-shaped with a length of 0.3 to 0.4 centimeters. Three carpels are a dreikammerigen, hairy spherical with a diameter of about 0.3 centimeters and vesicular or goitrous ovary grown. Each ovary chamber contains about twelve ovules . The stylus is hairy and ends in a cup-shaped and hairless scar with ciliated tip.

The shaft of the infructescence is green to brown, bare at the base and tomentose in the upper area, 1.5 to 2 meters long and about 0.5 centimeters thick. There are around 15 capsule fruits in an approximately 10 centimeter long and approximately 5 centimeter thick fruit cluster . With a length of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters and a diameter of 1 to 2 centimeters, the spherical capsule fruits are light green in color. The hairy surface of the fruit is prickly. Each of the three fruit compartments contains around ten to twelve seeds. The bald, yellowish-brown seeds are spherical, 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter and have a blistered surface.

Occurrence

The natural range of Amomum celsum is in south-eastern Laos and central Vietnam . As far as known so far, the species has populations at two locations , which are in the Laotian province of Attapeu and the Vietnamese province of Kon Tum . Another deposit may exist in the province of Savannakhet in Laos, as plant material of this species was collected there in 1927 between the villages of Xinh xa ne and Lang Xoane '. The two place names can no longer be assigned to any place known today, so the occurrence could not be confirmed. Since at that time the province of Savannakhet also included parts of the present-day Attapeu province, it would also be possible that it is the already known occurrence in that province. The species thrives at altitudes of 349 to 481 meters in the lowlands in open evergreen and deciduous mixed forests.

Taxonomy

It was first described as Amomum celsum in 2012 by Vichith Lamxay and Mark Fleming Newman in the Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 69, Number 1, Page 117.

Hazard and protection

Amomum Celsum is in the red list of the IUCN out "low risk" since 2011 as well. The population of the species is seen as declining. The loss of habitat due to the conversion of forest areas into arable land and logging is cited as the main risk factor.

swell

  • Vichith Lamxay, MF Newman: A revision of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in Camboida, Laos and Vietnam . In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany . tape 69 , no. 1 . Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2012, p. 99-206 , doi : 10.1017 / S0960428611000436 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Vichith Lamxay, MF Newman: A revision of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in Camboida, Laos and Vietnam . In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany . tape 69 , no. 1 . Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2012, p. 99-206 , doi : 10.1017 / S0960428611000436 .
  2. ↑ a b Meistera celsa in the Red List of Endangered Species of the IUCN 2017. Posted by: V. Lamxay, HD Tran, S. Bouamanivong, M. Newman & J. Leong-Skornickova, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2018.

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