Amomum sahyadricum
| Amomum sahyadricum | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Amomum sahyadricum | ||||||||||||
| VPThomas & M.Sabu |
Amomum sahyadricum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in southern India.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amomum sahyadricum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 18 to 60 centimeters. The slender, runners-forming rhizomes are creeping, between 0.3 and 0.7 centimeters thick and are covered with scales on the outside. The paper-like scales with fluffy hair on the outside are 2 to 2.5 centimeters in size and have sparsely ciliated edges and a rounded tip with a tip about 1 millimeter long. From each rhizome there are several shoot axes , the leaf-bearing ones being longer than those that do not have any leaves. At the base, the stems have fluffy, hairy, green leaf sheaths with sparsely ciliate edges, which are between 1.1 and 1.4 centimeters wide. The entire, leathery ligule are hairless and 0.3 to 0.5 centimeters long; their upper end is rounded and their edges are ciliate.
Each stem has six or seven leaves. The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The green and hairless petiole is 0.4 to 0.7 inches long. The simple leaf blade is 12 to 26 centimeters long and 2.9 to 5 centimeters wide, elliptical to elliptical-lanceolate with a wedge-shaped leaf base and a pointed upper end. The upper side of the leaf is just like the underside of the leaf hairless. The leaves have a conspicuous leaf veins on the underside. The leaf margins are slightly wavy.
Generative characteristics
Flowering specimens of Amomum sahyadricum were sighted in February and March, while ripe fruits were found in July. Directly from the rhizome, on a 9 to 13 centimeter long inflorescence stem, an inflorescence develops that is 12 to 19 centimeters long and in which the flowers are close together. However, only one or two flowers bloom at the same time. The pink-red and fleshy bracts with fluffy hair on the outside are ovate to elongated with a length of 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 1.7 centimeters with a pointed upper end and ciliate edges. The pale pink, paper-like prophylls are fused to form a tube 1.9 to 2.2 centimeters long and 0.5 to 0.6 centimeters wide, which is lobed twice. The two lobes resemble deer antlers in appearance and are covered with downy hair on the outside.
The hermaphrodite, yellow flowers are 4.2 to 5 centimeters in length and are zygomorphic and triple with double perianths . The three pale pink-red sepals with fluffy hair on the outside are fused together in a tubular shape and are 2.4 to 2.6 centimeters in length and 0.5 to 0.6 centimeters in width longer than the corolla tube. All three sepals have three spike tips 4 to 6 millimeters long at the tip. The pale yellow petals are fused into a 1.5 to 2.1 centimeter long and 0.4 to 0.5 centimeter wide corolla tube with three yellow corolla lobes, which are downy hairy on the outside and on the inside at the tube opening. The middle, on the inside and the edges bald lobes are egg-shaped with a length of 1.9 to 2.2 centimeters and a width of 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters with a spiked upper end, which is about 2 millimeters long. With a length of 1.9 to 2 centimeters and a width of 0.5 to 0.6 centimeters, the two lateral corolla lobes are narrower and elongated and are slightly folded inwards on one side at the approximately rounded tip. Only the middle of the 1.7 to 1.9 cm long stamens of the inner circle is fertile ; it has a 0.8 to 1 centimeter long and 0.25 to 0.3 centimeter wide, hairless, pale yellow filament on both sides . The two cream-white halves of the downy, hairy anthers are elongated with a length of 0.6 to 0.7 centimeters. Three of the staminodes of the inner circle have grown together to form a yellow obovate labellum with a dark red-brown center, which is 2.7 to 3.1 centimeters long and 1.3 to 2.2 centimeters wide. The labellum has a slightly wavy edge and is downy hairy on the inside near the opening. The lateral, hairless, yellow staminodes are 0.5 to 0.7 centimeters long. Three carpels are long to a dreikammerigen and about 0.5 centimeters and 0.3 to 0.4 centimeters wide, closely fluffy hairy ovary grown, with numerous ovules in each ovary chamber. The 3 to 3.6 cm long stylus is sparsely hairy. The cup-shaped scar has a diameter of around 1 millimeter.
Each inflorescence can form one to three capsule fruits , which are located in a fruit cluster. The spherical capsule fruits with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 centimeters are brownish red in color when ripe, rarely also speckled green. They have a downy, hairy, wrinkled to prickly surface and contain many seeds. The brown, egg-shaped seeds are 3 to 4 millimeters long, around 3 millimeters wide and have a white aril .
Occurrence
The natural range of Amomum sahyadricum is in the state of Kerala in southern India . As far as known so far, it includes the area around the Agastya Malai , a mountain in the Western Ghats and the area around Meenmutty - Kulamavu in the Idukki district and around Valparai in the Coimbatore district . It is found there at altitudes of around 1000 meters, where it grows in evergreen forests.
Taxonomy
It was first described as Amomum sahyadricum in 2013 by VP Thomas and Mamiyil Sabu in Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature , Volume 22, Number 3, Page 321. The specific epithet sahyadricum refers to the Malayalam name of the type locality in the Western Ghats.
swell
- VP Thomas, M. Sabu & KM Prabhu Kumar: Amomum sahyadricum (Zingiberaceae), a New Species from the Western Ghats, India . In: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature . tape 22 , no. 3 . Missouri Botanical Garden, 2013, ISSN 1055-3177 , p. 321-324 , doi : 10.3417 / 2010090 .