Office Rheinsberg (Princely Office)

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The Rheinsberg office was a royal Prussian domain office that had been serving the first-born Prussian prince, later King Friedrich II, from 1734. It was formed from the former rulership of Rheinsberg , which was owned by the nobility , and was not an ordinary sovereign domain office, but was viewed as a royal family property. The first beneficiary was Crown Prince Friedrich, who later became Friedrich II. After his accession to the throne, he was succeeded by his brother Prince Heinrich. It then served to care for the later princes of the Prussian kings. The place of residence was the Rheinsberg , which was only elevated to a town in 1717, in what is now the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district (Brandenburg).

history

1291 a Gerhardus de Rynesberge is named. It is the first written mention of the town of Rheinsberg. The origins of the rule are lost in the dark due to the lack of documents. Like the rule of Ruppin and the rule of Wusterhausen, it could have emerged as an independent rule during the Wendekreuzzug of 1147 .

Rheinsberg rule

The von Rheinsbergs lost their rulership soon afterwards (or the family died out), and before 1315 the rulership came into the direct possession of the Counts of Lindow, who, however, lent it to von Plote / Plotho before 1418. Achim von Plate / Plote died in 1460 without a male heir. Achim's daughter, Anna von Plate, married Bernd von Bredow von Kremmen , who then took over the rulership of Rheinsberg.

In 1465 Bernd von Bredow received the enfeoffment of the Rheinsberg rule from Count Johann and Jacob von Lindow. He was followed by his son Joachim, who was married to a von Grabow in his first marriage and to a von der Schulenburg in his second marriage. After the Count of Lindow died out and the Ruppin rule collapsed , he was enfeoffed by the Brandenburg Elector Joachim I with Rheinsberg in 1524 . His brother Heinrich von Bredow was accepted into the entire hand. His brother Lippold von Bredow, who was not in the country, was given postponement until his return to seek the entire hand. Achim von Bredow, who died in 1526, was followed by his son Jobst (I.) von Bredow, who was married to Anna von Hahn. Jobst (I.) von Bredow died in 1539. As a widow, Anna von Hahn donated the pulpit in the Rheinsberg church. In the lap register of 1542, Jost von Bredowen is already mentioned as the blessed Huesfrowe tho Rinsberg . He was followed by his son Joachim von Bredow, provost in Havelberg, who was married to Anna von Arnim. He had four daughters and three sons. He died in 1594. The list of all lords and nobility from the end of the 16th century only mentions the Bredows in general. His successor in the Rheinsberg rule was the son Jobst (II.) Von Bredow, who later moved to Niederlausitz. In 1623 he acquired the rulership of Neu Zauche and the rule of Lübbenau ; and he was the elder of the Krumspree district there . He was married to Katharina von Arnim. Jobst (II.) Von Bredow had previously sold the Rheinsberg rule to Cuno von Lochow, Canon of Magdeburg, in 1618.

Cuno (III.) Von Lochow was born on May 10, 1583 as the son of Caspar (II.) Von Lochow and his wife Anna von der Hagen in Nennhausen (Havelland district). He studied at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) . Then he went on trips in Germany. In 1607 he was already a member of the Magdeburg cathedral chapter, in 1613 he was also provost of the cathedral in Havelberg. On July 27, 1618 he received the enfeoffment with Rheinsberg from Elector Johann Sigismund . He had to pay 216 thalers in loan money. He had the Rheinsberg rule administered by Daniel Schulzen. He died on May 16, 1623 in Magdeburg and is buried there in the cathedral. The rulership of Rheinsberg now fell to his cousins ​​Ludwig, Heinrich and Georg von Lochow. On May 3, 1624, Ludwig received, also on behalf of his brothers Heinrich and Georg, the enfeoffment with Rheinsberg.

Georg, who was married to Ilse von Stechow, had no male heirs. Heinrich had only one son, Georg Ludwig (* 1617), who died in 1650 leaving two daughters who were not entitled to inheritance. Her shares went to her brother Ludwig.

Ludwig von Lochow was canon in Zeitz and since 1592 (or 1598) provost of the cathedral chapter in Brandenburg an der Havel. He resigned the provost, presumably in 1624. He was married to Anna Sophie von Alvensleben, daughter of the royal Brunswick court master Friedrich von Alvensleben, and had four sons and a daughter with her. Two sons died early, as did the daughter. Ludwig died on January 10, 1630. The two sons Christoph Heinrich (* 1625) and Georg Friedrich (* 1619) were minors when their father died. Georg Friedrich died in 1640, so that his share fell to Christoph Heinrich. In 1650, Christoph Heinrich von Lochow married on Rheinsberg and Zeitz and Anna Sophie von Alvensleben, daughter of Gebhard Werner von Alvensleben on Isenschnibbe, and agreed on a marriage allowance of 2,000 thalers. In 1650, with the death of his cousin Georg Ludwig, his property also fell to him. Despite this large, z. Partly inherited property, Christoph Heinrich was constantly struggling with debts that resulted from the devastation of the Thirty Years' War. On March 2, 1662 (1667?) He died in Zeitz. The two sons Ludwig Werner and Valtin Joachim were minors when their father died and were given guardians. It was not until November 24, 1681 that they received the loan from Rheinsberg and the other Markbrandenburg family estates. On February 13, 1683, Valtin married Joachim Anna Dorothea von Krosigk from Beesen near Zeitz. But just six days later on February 19, 1683 he died suddenly, probably in Rheinsberg. Ludwig Werner was unmarried when he died on January 9, 1684 in Zeitz. They were the last male members of the Nennhausen branch of the von Lochow family.

The Brandenburg Elector Friedrich Wilhelm took the Rheinsberg rule in 1685 as a settled fiefdom and gave it to the Elector Brandenburg General Franz Marquis du Hamel . He immediately sold the Rheinsberg estate to Benjamin Chevenix de Beville for 12,400 thalers. In 1701 Benjamin Chenenix de Beville sold Rheinsberg to Jeremias Hermann from Dessau, but bought it back in 1715. In 1717 Rheinsberg was raised to town.

Office Rheinsberg

The then Crown Prince Friedrich, later Frederick the Great , bought it from the son of the aforementioned Beville, Lieutenant Colonel Heinrich von Beville, on December 12, 1733 for 75,000 thalers and made it the prince's office in Rheinsberg. However, he received a grant of 50,000 thalers from his father Friedrich Wilhelm I. In 1734 the official seat was built in front of the Rheinsberger Scheunentor. In 1736 Friedrich and his wife moved into the south wing of the Rheinsberg Castle. In 1739 the castle was finished. In 1740 Friedrich ascended the Prussian throne as Friedrich II, but he kept Rheinsberg until 1744. Then he gave it to his brother Heinrich , who did not move to Rheinsberg until 1753. Prince Heinrich died in 1802. Thereafter, Prince Ferdinand was given the office of Rheinsberg until his death in 1813. He was followed by Prince August , who held it until his death in 1843. From 1843 the Rheinsberg office was administered by the court chamber of the royal family estates.

Places belonging to the Rheinsberg Office

According to Bratring (1805) and the list of localities from 1817 with brief historical information from the historical local dictionary, part II, Ruppin.

  • Berkholzofen ( Berckholzgrund, Theerofen ). (Living space in the Heinrichsdorf district of the city of Rheinsberg). Even before 1800, a tar furnace had been built in the Rheinsberg manor district (later known as it). In 1800 there was also a forester's house here. In 1929 the Rheinsberg manor district was merged with the Heinrichsdorf community.
  • Boberow (living space in the Linow district of the city of Rheinsberg). In the Middle Ages there was a village here. Century fell desolate. The field marrow was completely forested. In the 18th century it belonged to the prince's Rheinsberg district, later the Buberow Park was formed from it. Around 1800 there were a few houses here, and in 1860 a forester's house.
  • Glienicke, colony and tar burner house (today Rheinsberg-Glienicke , part of Gühlen-Glienicke , a district of the city of Neuruppin ). The medieval village of Glienicke fell in the 14th and 15th centuries. Century desolate. In any case, in 1524 it is documented as a wild field mark that was owned by the von Gladow family. In 1610 half of the Feldmark came to the Lüchfeld estate, the other half to the Rheinsberg rulership. A tar burner house was built on Rheinsberg-Glienicke (living space in the Gühlen-Glienicke district of the city of Neuruppin) around 1700. Even before 1733, more Büdner houses were built here, and a Vorwerk in 1775. In 1776 the place came to the Zechlin office in exchange for goods , and in 1798 it was returned to the Rheinsberg rulership. Before 1817 Rheinsberg-Glienicke was reassigned to the Zechlin office.
  • Heinrichsdorf (district of the city of Rheinsberg). In 1750 the Heinrichsdorf colony was founded. Schulze assumes that the colony originated on the field of a village that fell into desolation in the Middle Ages. There is no mention of this in the historical local dictionary. The area seems to have belonged to the desert Feldmark Köpernitz.
  • Heinrichsfelde (part of the municipality in the Heinrichsdorf district of the city of Rheinsberg). A sheep farm was established here in the last third of the 18th century.
  • Köpernitz (part of the municipality in the Heinrichsdorf district of the city of Rheinsberg). The medieval village was in the 14./15. Century. In 1515, a quarter of the desert landmark belonged to the Lindow monastery, a quarter to that of Loe and half to Achim von Bredow. Already in 1541 this share came to the Rheinsberg rule. Before the Thirty Years War, a farm, a sheep farm and a mill were built on this part. By the end of the 17th century, almost all other shares in the rulership were acquired.
  • Möckern (part of the municipality in the Linow district of the city of Rheinsberg). In the Middle Ages there was a village here that is attested in 1533 as a desert field mark. In 1590 the field mark was used by the Linow sheep farm. In 1719 there was already a Vorwerk of the Rheinsberg rule.
  • Rheinsberg, seat of the Rheinsberg lordship and the Rheinsberg office.
  • Schlaborn (part of the municipality on the urban boundary of Rheinsberg). Schlaborn was a medieval village that was founded in the 14th and 15th centuries. Century went down. In 1533 the desert was called Feldmark. In 1775 a sheep farm was established here. Around 1800 the property was given in hereditary interest.
  • Sonnenberg (municipality in the Gransee and municipalities district, Oberhavel district). Even before 1444, large parts of the place belonged to the Rheinsberg rule. It probably fell in the 15th century. In 1530 it was referred to as the desert field mark. The village was rebuilt in the second half of the 16th century. In 1615 the lordship was able to acquire a further share of the nobility, so that the village was in full possession of the lordship, with the exception of one kossat.

Officials

  • 1837 bailiff Henning, leaseholder of the Rheinsberg Vorwerk
  • 1865 Meltzer, rent master

supporting documents

literature

  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : The Graffschaft Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms: a contribution to the customer of the Mark Brandenburg. XIV, 618 S., Haym, Berlin 1799 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated Bratring, Ruppin with corresponding page number).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. VIII, 583 S., Berlin, Maurer, 1805 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated Bratring, description, with corresponding page number)
  • Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840, online at Google Bools (hereinafter abbreviated to Eickstedt, Landbuch, with corresponding page number)
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part II Ruppin . 327 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972 (in the following abbreviated to Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, with corresponding page number).
  • Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. The county of Ruppin. Insel Taschenbuch 1181, Inselverlag 1989
  • George Adalbert von Mülverstedt (Hrsg.): Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia . 360 p., Magdeburg, E. Baensch 1863 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated to Mülverstedt, marriage foundations and Leibgedingsbriefe with the corresponding page number)

Source editions

  • Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis Collection of documents, chronicles and other sources for the history of the Mark Brandenburg and its rulers. A. First main part or collection of documents for local and special regional history, Volume 4. 520 S., Berlin, Reimer 1844 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated to Riedel, CDB, A 4 with corresponding document number and page number)
  • Adolph Friedrich Riedel: Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis: Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents. Part 3 Vol. 3, 510 S., Berlin, G. Reimer, 1861 Online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated to Riedel, CDB, C 3 with corresponding document number and page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Riiedel, CDB, A 4, Certificate III (= 3), p. 283/84 Online at Google Boks
  2. ↑ Riedel, CDB, C 3, document number CCLXVII (= 268), p. 334ff. (P. 335) Online on Google Books (p. 335)
  3. ^ A b Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. 1st part, The Graffschaft Ruppin. The Barnim. The Teltow. 2nd edition, 475 pages, Verlag von Wilhelm Herz, Berlin, 1864 German Text Archive , pp. 205, 206.
  4. ↑ Riedel, CDB, A 4, document number CXII (= 112), p. 191 Online at Google Books
  5. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 189 Online at Google Books
  6. ^ Karl von Lochow: History of the Lochow family. X, 160 p., Verlag Starke, Görlitz, 1940.
  7. ↑ Samuel Lentzen: Diplomatic Stifts-Historie von Brandenburg, in which the bishops who stood at this high collegiate church from the beginning bit to the end described from written customers and reliable scribes, and the cathedral provosts, deans and cathedral lords, so much of the same for this purpose, to be made known, explained with various, as yet unprinted, diplomatic buses. 116 p., Johann Andreas Bauer, Halle 1750. Online at Google Books p. 109
  8. ↑ George Adalbert von Mülverstedt, Ed .: Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of the knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia . 360 pp., Magdeburg 1863 Online at Google Books (p. 49).
  9. ↑ The Elector Brandenburg and Royal Prussian General Feldzeugmeister, General Field Marshal Lieutenants, Generals of Infantry and Cavalry, since the reign of the Great Elector to the present day. Military weekly paper, 22: 98-100, 103-104, 106-107, 110-111, 113-116, 118-120, 1837, online at Google Books
  10. ↑ a b Bratring, Grafschaft Ruppin, p. 547 Online at Google Books .
  11. ^ Bratring, description, p. 43ff. Online at Google Books
  12. ↑ Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address, along with an alphabetical register. Berlin, Georg Decker Online at Google Books .
  13. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, Ruppin, pp. 212–215.
  14. ↑ Riedel, CDB, A 4, Certificate XII (12), p. 451/2 Online at Google Boks
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1865. 963 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1868 Online at Google Books (p. 14)

Coordinates: 53 ° 6 '  N , 12 ° 54'  E