Anton Stepanowitsch Apraxin

Anton Stepanowitsch Apraxin ( Russian Антон Степанович Апраксин ; * 3 October ^July / 15 October  1817 ^greg .; † 2 January ^July / 14 January  1899 ^greg. ) Was a Russian major general , patron and aeronaut .

Life

Apraxin was the youngest son of the general of the cavalry and commander of the Chevaliergarde Count Stepan Fyodorovich Apraxin and the Duchess Elena Serracapriola, who was the daughter of the Neapolitan diplomat Duca di Serracapriola Antonino Maresca and Princess Anna Alexandrovna Vyazemskaya. Atypical for the Russian nobility , Apraxin got his first name in honor of the maternal side.

Apraxin received a home education and was admitted to the Chevaliergarde School in December 1834. In February 1837 he was promoted to cornet and in 1840 to Porutschik . Due to an error in the acceptance of the standard in February 1841, he was no degradation in the Vladimir - Lancers - Regiment added back to the Chevalier Guards in April of the same year. In 1843 he became a staff officer and in July 1852 a colonel .

Apraxin became commander of the 1st division in 1855 , wing adjutant in August 1856, and in March 1860 commander of the Alexander Hussar Regiment. In April of the same year he was appointed major general and accepted into the imperial entourage with the submission of command of the Alexander Hussar Regiment. As in April 1861 in response to the peasant reform of Alexander II. With abolition of serfdom in Kazan province a peasant uprising under the leadership of Anton Petrov with the center in the village Besdna broke out Apraxin led the bloody suppression of the uprising to the satisfaction of Alexander II.

After his father's death in 1862, Apraxin and his younger sisters inherited a large fortune, as his older brother Fyodor Stepanowitsch had died in 1858. This included the Apraxin farm with 14 hectares of land in the center of St. Petersburg on the Fontanka , which Fyodor Matveyevich Apraxin had acquired. In the mid-19th century, almost all concentrated antiquarian book trade of St. Petersburg on the Apraxin-yard and the neighboring Shchukin yard. The two courtyards were largely destroyed by the St. Petersburg fire in May 1862, which meant a loss of tens of millions of rubles for Apraxin . The reconstruction of the shops on the two courtyards with the architects Geronimo Corsini and Alexander Krakau succeeded according to a joint plan according to the Ukas Nicholas I of 1833, for which Apraxin had praised the building of a church. In April 1867 Apraxin was appointed stable master (3rd class ). Apraxin was enthusiastic about the theater . 1876–1878 Ludwig Fontana built the Maly Teatr on the Fontanka for Apraxin . The vowed Church of the Resurrection in the Russian style was built by Fontana 1883-1884 with a number of buildings on the Apraxin court and consecrated in 1894 (not preserved). Apraxin had a building built next to the church for poor widows, which also housed a craft school. He lived in old age in Mursinka on the outskirts of St. Petersburg in the mansion built by his great-grandfather Alexander Alexejewitsch Vjasemski . He dressed modestly, always walked, and secretly gave money to all petitioners.

Apraxin was known as one of the first Russian aeronauts. 1884 he published a book about the free balloons and tethered balloons and ballooning in desired directions. In June 1891, Apraxin's balloon accidentally went up while inflating with four workers without a pilot. The workers got caught in the balloon net and had a fatal accident when the balloon burst and crashed. Two balloons were left unfinished when he died.

Apraxin was married to Marija Dmitrijewna Rachmanowa (1845-1932), granddaughter of Senator Grigori Nikolajewitsch Rachmanow and Major General Ivan Ivanovich Miller and aunt of the writer Vladimir Sergeevich Trubezkoi . With her, Apraxin had a daughter and a son. The widow Apraxina had the Maly Teatr from AK Hammerstedt converted into the Bolshoi Dramatitscheski Teatr from 1900 to 1902 (now Georgi Alexandrowitsch Towstonogows Theater). She lived lordly in St. Petersburg and was a benefactress. She was afraid of going blind and in 1909 donated a piece of land in Mursinka and 83,000 rubles for a home for 50 blind women. After the October Revolution , she emigrated and in 1920 married the emigrated Hofmeister and Privy Councilor (3rd class) Alexei Gustavowitsch von Knorring (1848–1922). She was buried in the Russian cemetery of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois .

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  Apraxin-Hof (2012), St. Petersburg

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  Maly Teatr, St. Petersburg

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  Mursinka Manor (around 1920)

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  Apraxin's balloon disaster 1891

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  Bolshoi Dramatitschesky Teatr, St. Petersburg

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} АПРАКСИН, гр., Антон Степанович . In: Военная энциклопедия (Сытин, 1911–1915) . tape 2 , p. 610 ( Wikisource [accessed December 9, 2019]).
2. ↑ ^{a b} Сборник биографии кавалергардов (accessed December 9, 2019).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} “ПомниПро” виртуальный мемориал: Апраксин Антон Степанович (accessed December 9, 2019).
4. ↑ ^{a b} Антон Степанович (1817–1899) гр. Апраксин (accessed December 9, 2019).
5. ↑ Конец крепостничества в России (документы, письма, мемуары, статьи). Moscow 1994 ( Рапорт свитского генерал-майора А. С. Апраксина Александру II о панихиде студентов Казанского университета и Духовной академии по убитым крестьянам в с . Бездне (14 мая 1861) [accessed on December 9, 2019]).
6. ↑ В. В. Антонов, А. В. Кобак: Святыни Санкт-Петербурга. Т. 3 . St. Petersburg 1994, p. 39-40 .
7. ↑ AS Apraxin: Воздухоплавание и применение его к передвижению аэростатов свободных и несводных и несвободнымх несвободнымх несво лемымх непо желе . St. Petersburg 1884.
8. ↑ Untitled . In: Nelson Evening Mail . tape XXV , no. 213 , September 8, 1891, p. 2 ( [1] [accessed December 9, 2019]).