Antoninus of Florence

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Bust of St. Antoninus of Florence

Antoninus of Florence OP , ( Antonio Pierozzi , born March 1, 1389 in Florence , † May 2, 1459 in Florence), was a Dominican theologian , prior of San Marco and archbishop of Florence. In 1523 he was canonized. His feast day , which is no longer included in the general Roman calendar , is May 2nd; the Order of Preachers celebrates it on May 10th.

Life

Antoninus was born the son of the lawyer Niccoló Pierozzi, his real name should be Antonius or Antonio. Since he was of small stature, he was called Antoninus or Antonino, a form of belittling. The hardworking and know hungry boy came with 16 years in the convent of the Dominicans of Farneta in Cortona , where he completed an eight-year study of theology and priest was ordained. Antoninus' gifts led to early recognition and in 1418 he was made prior in Fiesole . In 1436 he founded the convent of San Marco in Florence. From 1435 to 1444 he was provincial and wrote the Chronicon partibus tribus distincta ab initio mundi ad MCCCLX (in later prints also titled Chronicorum opus or Historiarum opus ). It tells the history of the world up to the year 1360 as a work of Divina providentia , the Divine Providence . His second major work is the Summa theologica moralis (also Summa theologica ), a handbook of ethics that is not limited to questions of moral behavior, but also examines the ethical questions of a just social and economic order, "with a good sense of economic relationships" . His fine , the Summa confessionalis, was also influential . It was reprinted repeatedly until the end of the 16th century.

archbishop

In 1446 he was appointed Archbishop of Florence by Pope Eugene IV (1431–1447) , and an exemplary tenure followed. As a senior shepherd he was indomitable, but kind and just, he was valued as an advisor and pastor . He used his extensive knowledge of civil and ecclesiastical matters to counter the dominant position of the Medici princely family . He promoted the educational level of the clergy , improved welfare institutions and campaigned for the care of the sick. After surviving the plague and the devastating earthquake of 1453, he took care of "his Florentines". Antoninus gave the dying Pope Eugene IV the sacrament of death, the subsequent regular Popes, Nicholas V (1447-1455), Calixtus III. (1455–1458) and Pius II. (1458–1464) valued him as a wise advisor.

Adoration

Antoninus accompanied four popes on their way. When he died on May 2, 1459 in Montughi near Florence, he was buried in the Dominican church of San Marco in Florence at a funeral service in which Pius II also took part. Pope Hadrian VI (1522–1523) canonized Antoninus of Florence in 1523.

The saint is invoked as the patron saint against misfortune and fever . In the pictorial representation he usually appears in the habit of a Dominican or with the insignia of an archbishop, crook , miter , pallium . His saints attributes also include books and a scale with fruit. The tradition about the scales that have apples in one bowl and a note with the words Deo gratias! In the other . contains, which is heavier than the fruit, describes the following incident: When Antoninus thanked a farmer for a basket of apples with the words Deo gratias (“Thank God”), the farmer complained. Antoninus then wrote the words on a piece of paper that weighed heavier than the fruit.

Works

Confessionale , circa 1488–1490

Antoninus addresses economic and social issues in his works. Joseph Schumpeter considers Antoninus' analysis of the connection between capital, interest and profit to be the greatest contribution to the scholastic interest analysis.

  • Confessionale "Defecerunt" . Rhineland, [around 1470] ( digitized version )
  • Confessionale . Ulrich Zell, Cologne around 1470 ( digitized version )
  • Summa theologica (Venetiae, 1477; Veronae, 1740);
  • Summa confessionalis, Curam illius habes (Mondovi, 1472);
  • Confessionale "Defecerunt". With titulus de restitutionibus . Johann and Konrad Hist, Speyer around 1487. digital
  • Decisio consiliaris super dubio producto de indulgentiis . Johann Guldenschaff, Cologne after 1479 or around 1478 digital
  • De censuris . Johann von Köln and Johann Manthen von Gerresheim, Venice May 10th 1480 digital
  • Confessionale . Heinrich Knoblochtzer, Strasbourg not after 18./24. April 1484 digital
  • Chronicon, Partes 1–3, Anton Koberger, Nuremberg, 1484 or 1491, contains Summarium primi (secundi or tertii) voluminis partis hystorialis domini Antonini archiepiscopi Florentini 1.1484 2.1484 3.1484 // 1.1491 2.1491 3.1491 For further editions see Incunabula Short Title Catalog
  • Confessionale "Defecerunt". With titulus de restitutionibus. Martin Flach, Strasbourg 1496. digital

literature

  • Carlo Celso Calzolai: Frate Antonino Pierozzi dei domenicani, arcivescovo di Firenze , Roma: Ars Graphica Editorialis Presbyterium, 1961.
  • Peter Howard: Beyond the Written Word: Preaching and Theology in the Florence of Archbishop Antoninus, 1427-1459 , Istituto Nazionale di Studi sul Rinascimento, Quaderni di Rinascimento ; Florence, Leo S. Olschki, 1995.
  • Thomas M. Izbicki: The Origins of the De ornatu mulierum of Antoninus of Florence . In: Modern Language Notes (MLN), Vol. 119 (2004), Italian Issue Supplement , pp. S142-S161; Reprinted in: Ders .: Reform, ecclesiology, and the Christian life in the late Middle Ages . Ashgate, Aldershot 2008, 978-0-7546-5948-8.
  • Lexicon of Saints . Weltbild publishing group , Augsburg 2007, ISBN 3-8289-4980-0 .

Remarks

  1. ^ Jacques Le Goff : Art. Work. Part V: Middle Ages . In: Theologische Realenzyklopädie (TRE), Vol. 3, pp. 626–635, here p. 633.
  2. ^ Lexicon of the Saints , Weltbild Publishing Group , Augsburg, 2007, ISBN 3-8289-4980-0 .
  3. ^ Raymond de Roover : San Bernardino of Siena and Sant 'Antonino of Florence. The two great economic thinkers of the Middle Ages . Baker Library, Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration, Boston 1967, p. 6.
  4. ↑ Joseph Schumpeter, History of Economic Analysis, Vol. 1, Göttingen 2009, p. 153. (However, Schumpeter did not know that Antoninus relied heavily on Olivi's writings on the topics mentioned .)
  5. ↑ INKA. Retrieved September 1, 2018 .
  6. ^ Catalog of the German National Library. Retrieved September 1, 2018 .

Web links

Commons : Antoninus of Florence  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Antoninus of Florence
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Antonio Pierozzi, Antonio de Forciglioni
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dominican theologian, Prior of San Marco, Archbishop of Florence
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1389
PLACE OF BIRTH Florence
DATE OF DEATH May 2, 1459
Place of death Florence