Jacques Le Goff

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Jacques Le Goff (born January 1, 1924 in Toulon , † April 1, 2014 in Paris ) was a French historian . The expert on the history of the European Middle Ages ( Medieval Studies ) belonged to the so-called Annales School of the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) in Paris.

Live and act

Le Goff, son of a teacher, attended high schools in Toulon and Marseille and the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris in preparation for studying at the Grandes Écoles . There he began studying history at the École Normale Supérieure in 1945 , which ended in 1950 with the Agrégation (qualification as a teacher at a grammar school) in history. Further stations were: a study visit to Charles University in Prague , 1951/52 postgraduate studies at Oxford University ( Lincoln College ), 1952/53 member of the École française de Rome , from 1954 assistant at the University of Lille , from 1958 research officer (Attaché de Recherches) of the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS).

In 1960 he went to Fernand Braudel at the 6th section of the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris, where he became a professor in 1962. In 1972 he succeeded Braudel as head of the section and remained so, even when it became an independent institution in 1975 under the name École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), until his retirement in 1977. He continued to teach until he was seventy. Jean-Claude Schmitt was one of his students .

From 1967 he was co-editor of the magazine Annales , the journalistic organ of the Annales school . As an author and editor, he was committed to the idea of ​​European unification, among other things, he was the editor of the book series Europe building , which was published simultaneously in several European countries , in which each volume dealt with a certain aspect of the common European history ( Die Stadt in der Europäische History, etc.). His most important works are his portrayal of the Culture of the European Middle Ages (German translation 1970) and his biography Ludwig der Heilige , published in 1996 (German translation 2000). In a work published in 1981, Le Goff relocated the "Birth of Purgatory" to the 12th century. He was countered that the purgatory does not date from the 12th century, but that the idea of ​​a third place between paradise and hell as well as a temporary soul punishment after death can already be proven in the patristic . In 1983, in a short essay, he questioned the widespread definition of the Middle Ages as a thousand-year epoch between antiquity and modern times, which was replaced by the Renaissance . Instead, he advocated extending the Middle Ages to the end of the Ancien Régime . He continued this view in 2004.

In 2010 he published the illustration Le Moyen Âge et l'argent. Essai d'anthropologie historique . A German translation appeared just a year after its publication in France. He takes the position that money “did not play a major role” in the Middle Ages. His investigation focuses on two central questions. He would like to examine "which lot [...] was awarded to coins [...] in business, in life, in the mentality of the Middle Ages". He also asks "how the attitude of Christians to money [...] was received and taught".

Le Goff has received numerous scientific honors for his research. In 1991 he was awarded the Médaille d'or du CNRS . In 1993 the city of Münster recognized his achievements with the historian's prize . A year later he was awarded the Hegel Prize . In 1997 he became Commandeur des Ordre des Arts et des Lettres . He was an external member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and a corresponding member of the British Academy (1998).

Fonts (selection)

  • Marchands et banquiers au Moyen Âge (= Que sais-je? Vol. 699, ISSN  0768-0066 ). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris 1956 (In German as: Merchants and Bankers in the Middle Ages (= Fischer-Taschenbücher 7409 Fischer-Wissenschaft ). Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 3-596-27409-5 ).
  • Les Intellectuels au Moyen Age (= Le temps qui court. Vol. 3). Éditions du Seuil, Paris 1957; In German: The intellectuals in the Middle Ages. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-608-93094-9 ; 2nd edition, ibid. 1987.
  • La Civilization de l'Occident médiéval (= Collection les grandes civilizations. Vol. 3, ISSN  0530-8488 ). Arthaud, Paris 1964 (In German as: Culture of the European Middle Ages . Droemer Knaur, Munich et al. 1970).
  • The High Middle Ages (= Fischer World History . Vol. 11 = Fischer Library. ). Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1965 (numerous editions).
  • Pour un autre Moyen Âge. Temps, travail et culture en Occident. 18 essays. Gallimard, Paris 1977, ISBN 2-07-029694-6 (In German as: For another Middle Ages. Time, work and culture in Europe from the 5th to 15th centuries (= Ullstein book. No. 35180 Ullstein materials . Social history library . Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1984, ISBN 3-548-35180-8 ).
  • as editor with Roger Chartier and Jacques Revel: La nouvelle histoire. Retz-CEPL, Paris 1978, ISBN 2-7140-0038-X (In German as: Die Rückeroberung des Historical Denkens. Basics of New History. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-10-042702-5 ) .
  • La naissance du purgatoire. Gallimard, Paris 1981, ISBN 2-07-025410-0 (In German as: The birth of purgatory. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-608-93008-6 ).
  • Storia e memoria (= Einaudi Paperbacks. Vol. 171). Giulio Einaudi, Turin 1982, ISBN 88-06-59519-9 (In German as: Geschichte und Gedächtnis (= historical studies. Vol. 6). Campus-Verlag et al., Frankfurt am Main et al. 1992, ISBN 3-593-34539 -0 ).
  • L'imaginaire médiéval. Essays. Gallimard, Paris 1985, ISBN 2-07-070386-X (In German as: Fantasy and Reality of the Middle Ages. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-608-93131-7 ).
  • La bourse et la vie. Économie et religion au Moyen Age (= Textes du xxe siècle. Vol. 12). Hachette Littératures, Paris 1986, ISBN 2-01-011212-1 (In German as: Wucherzins und Höllenqualen. Economy and Religion in the Middle Ages. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-608-93127-9 ).
  • Saint Louis. Gallimard, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-07-073369-6 (In German as: Ludwig der Heilige. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-608-91834-5 ).
  • L'Europe racontée aux jeunes. Éditions du Seuil, Paris, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-02-019563-1 (In German as: Jacques Le Goff tells the history of Europe. Campus-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main et al 1997, ISBN 3-593-35685-6 ) .
  • Pour l'amour of the villa. Entretiens avec Jean Lebrun. Textuel, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-909317-45-5 (In German as: Die Liebe zur Stadt. An exploration from the Middle Ages to the turn of the millennium. Campus-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1998, ISBN 3-593-36067-5 ).
  • Saint François d'Assise. Gallimard, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-07-075624-6 (In German as: Franz von Assisi. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-608-94287-4 ).
  • Un Moyen Âge en images. Hazan, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-85025-741-9 (In German as: The Middle Ages in Pictures. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-608-94230-0 ).
  • L'Europe est-elle née au Moyen Age? Éditions du Seuil, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-02-056341-X (In German as: The birth of Europe in the Middle Ages. CH Beck, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-51762-5 ; new edition. (= Beck'sche series . Vol. 6041). Beck, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-406-63093-4 ).
  • with Nicolas Truong: Une histoire du corps au Moyen Âge. Levi, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-86746-323-8 (In German as: The history of the body in the Middle Ages. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2007 ISBN 978-3-608-94080-0 (Review by Michael Borgolte : Nur in the missionary position takes you to heaven. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , March 30, 2007, p. 45, rubric new non-fiction books. )).
  • Héros et merveilles du Moyen Age. Éditions du Seuil, Paris 2005, ISBN 2-02-063795-2 (In German as: Ritter, Einhorn, Troubadoure. Heroes and Miracles of the Middle Ages. CH Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-53585-2 ).
  • Le Moyen Âge et l'argent. Essai d'anthropologie historique. Perrin, Paris 2010, ISBN 978-2-262-03260-9 (In German as: Geld im Mittelalter. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-608-94693-2 .)

literature

  • Elizabeth AR Brown: Jacques Le Goff (1924-2014). In: Francia . Vol. 42, 2015, pp. 397-400 ( online ).
  • Carol R. Dover: Le Goff, Jacques Louis. In: Albrecht Classen (Ed.): Handbook of medieval studies. Terms - methods - trends. Volume 3. de Gruyter, Berlin et al. 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-018409-9 , pp. 2457-2461.
  • Nils Minkmar : Actually, everything was very different. The famous Medievalist loved nothing more than increasing the complexity of his objects: on the death of Jacques Le Goff. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . No. 78, April 2, 2014, p. 11 ( online also at FAZ.NET )
  • Pierre Monnet : Nekrolog Jacques Le Goff (1924-2014). In: Historical magazine . Vol. 300, 2015, pp. 283-288.
  • Otto Gerhard Oexle : The other, the differences, the whole. Jacques Le Goff's picture of the European Middle Ages. In: Francia . Vol. 17, H. 1, 1990, pp. 141-158 ( digitized version ).
  • Daniela Romagnoli (ed.): Il Medioevo europeo di Jacques Le Goff. Silvana, Cinisello Balsamo et al. 2003, ISBN 88-8215-639-7 (collection of articles on an exhibition in Parma; with a list of Le Goff's works, edited by Adelaide Ricci, pp. 411–423).
  • Andreas Sohn : The appetite for history and the love for living memory. On the life and work of the historian Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014). In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 524–556.
  • Jacques Le Goff , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 07/2008 of February 12, 2008, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Jacques Le Goff: La naissance du purgatoire. Paris 1981.
  2. ^ Arnold Angenendt : History of Religiosity in the Middle Ages. Darmstadt 1997, pp. 705-711.
  3. ↑ Jacques Le Goff: Pour un long Moyen Âge. In: Europe. Revue littéraire mensuelle Vol. 61 (1983) pp. 19-24.
  4. ↑ Jacques Le Goff: Un long Moyen Âge. Paris 2004.
  5. ↑ See the reviews of Michael Borgolte : When a decision had to be made between God and money. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , August 10, 2011, p. 30; Florian Hellberg in: Schau-ins-Land. Annual journal of the Breisgau history association Schauinsland. 133 (2014), p. 196 ( online )
  6. ^ Jacques Le Goff: Money in the Middle Ages. Stuttgart 2011, p. 9.
  7. ^ Jacques Le Goff: Money in the Middle Ages. Stuttgart 2011, p. 10.
  8. ^ Deceased Fellows . British Academy, accessed June 26, 2020.
personal data
SURNAME Le Goff, Jacques
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French historian
DATE OF BIRTH January 1, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Toulon , France
DATE OF DEATH April 1, 2014
Place of death Paris