Anwar Ibrahim
Anwar Ibrahim (born August 10, 1947 in Bukit Mertajam , Penang , Malaysia ) is a politician from Malaysia and a former Vice Prime Minister . In the early 1970s he was one of the founders of the Islamic movement in Malaysia and is involved in the democratization process.
Life
Anwar studied Malay Studies at the University of Malaya in the late 1960s and became president of both his university's activist Malay Language Society ( PBMUM - Persatuan Bahasa Melayu Universiti Malaya ) and the National Association of Malaysian Muslim Students ( PKPIM - Persatuan Kebangsaan Pelajar) in 1969 -Pelajar Islam Malaysia ). In 1971, at a time when Islam was experiencing a worldwide revival, he founded the Islamic Youth Movement of Malaysia ( Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia ) and was its main influencing factor until April 1982 when he switched to the United Malays National Organization (UMNO). This came as a surprise because in 1974 he was arrested as the leader of a demonstration in Kedah intended to aid rice farmers.
His Islamic origins and close contacts with Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad helped to overcome the challenge posed by the Parti Islam Se-Malaysia in the elections. Anwar then became sub-minister at the prime minister's office. At the same time, Anwar became vice-president of the UMNO and head of the party's young wing. During the struggle for power in the party, when Minister of Commerce and Industry Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah sought power in 1987 , Anwar stood by Mohamad's side. In March 1991, following the resignation of Daim Zainuddin , Anwar became Minister of Finance . Anwar Ibrahim is pragmatic on religious issues and rejected the creation of an Islamic state Malaysia on the grounds that it was not right and appropriate to impose Islam on Malaysians who are of other faith. In 1996 he was still regarded as the established successor to Mahathir.
Anwar was dismissed from office in 1998 by the then Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad. On April 14, 1999, he was sentenced to six years in prison for corruption .
Smear campaign
On August 8, 2000, he was sentenced to an additional nine years in prison for alleged homosexual relationships with his chauffeur. Both trials were overshadowed by numerous false testimonies, forced testimony under torture and violence against the accused. Al Gore , at that time US Vice President under Bill Clinton , sharply criticized the actions of the Malaysian authorities against Anwar Ibrahim at an APEC conference and declared his support for the country's democratic reform movement. This interference resulted in furious attacks and the like. a. from the Indonesian side.
The public saw the allegations and condemnation as an excuse for Mahathir to get rid of his political rival and previously predestined successor Anwar Ibrahim with this political smear campaign . International human rights organizations and governments saw Anwar Ibrahim as a political prisoner .
On September 2, 2004 , the Malaysian Supreme Court surprisingly overturned the sentence for homosexuality and Anwar Ibrahim was released from custody. Anwar's back is particularly bad in health.
On July 16, 2008, Anwar was arrested by security forces in Kuala Lumpur after a young worker reported him for "illegal homosexual activity" in late June. Anwar, who is married to the doctor Wan Azizah Wan Ismail , had previously denied the allegations and described himself as the victim of a plot to destroy his political career.
Renewed activity as a member of parliament
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On August 26, 2008, Anwar was elected to the Parliament of Malaysia as a member of the Parti Keadilan Rakyat . He represents the city of Permatang Pauh . He is also the chairman of his party and the chairman of the three-party opposition coalition Pakatan Rakyat , which has held a total of 82 of the 222 seats in the Malaysian parliament since the 2008 elections and is also the state government in four of the 13 Malaysian states .
On January 9, 2012, Anwar was acquitted of charges of same-sex act with one of his former employees by a court in the Malaysian capital. Shortly after the verdict was pronounced, three explosive devices exploded in front of the court. Five people were slightly injured.
On March 7, 2014, the Putrajaya Court of Appeal overturned the lower level judgment from 2012. The three judges, chaired by Balia Yusof Wahi, unanimously found it proven that Anwar had sexual intercourse with an employee in 2008. He was sentenced to five years in prison. In February 2015, the country's highest court dismissed Anwar Ibrahim's appeal, which means that he now has to go to prison. As a result of this judgment - criticized by Human Rights Watch and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights - Anwar also lost his seat in parliament and was not allowed to run in the following elections in 2018.
various
Anwar is one of the 138 signatories of the open letter " A Common Word Between Us and You " ( English A Common Word Between Us and You ), the personalities of Islam on 13 October 2007, "leaders of Christian churches everywhere" (Engl. "Leaders of Christian Churches, everywhere ... “).
Web links
- Anwar Ibrahim's homepage
- Malaysia: gay trial ended . queer.de
- Interview with Anwar Ibrahim: There is a democracy deficit in Malaysia
Individual evidence
- ↑ Zainah Anwar: Islamic revivalism in Malaysia. Dakwah among the Students. Petaling Jaya 1987. pp. 11f.
- ↑ Michael Liefer: Dictionary of the modern politics of South-East Asia . Routledge, London 1996, ISBN 0-415-13821-3 .
- ^ BBC News
- ^ The Julian Assange Show: Anwar Ibrahim . Posted on July 3, 2012 on YouTube; Transcription at worldtomorrow.wikileaks.org (English) accessed on January 6, 2014
- ↑ Aseannewsnetwork: Malaysia's Ruling Pary members urged ( Memento of 15 June 2006 at the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Malaysia: Opposition chief arrested for homosexuality . Die Presse , July 16, 2008; Retrieved July 16, 2008.
- ↑ Malaysia's opposition leader fled to the Turkish embassy . Tagesschau , June 29, 2008 (tsarchive.wordpress.com); Retrieved June 29, 2008.
- ^ Malaysian opposition chief wins parliament seat .
- ^ Controversial court case in Malaysia . ( Memento from July 16, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Hamburger Abendblatt
- ^ Explosions after acquittal for opposition leaders. ORF , January 9, 2012, accessed on January 9, 2012 .
- ↑ dw.de
- ↑ Malaysia's opposition leader Anwar has been imprisoned for five years. In: Spiegel Online . February 10, 2015, accessed February 10, 2015 .
- ↑ A common word between us and you (summarized short form) (PDF; 186 kB) acommonword.com
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Anwar Ibrahim |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Malaysian politician and vice prime minister |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 10, 1947 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bukit Mertajam , Malaysia |