Disocactus
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Lindl. |
Disocactus is a genus of plants inthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name is derived from the Greek words δίς dis for "twice" and ίσος isos for "the same". He refers to the leaf-like flattened (two-sided) shoots.
description
The species of the genus Disocactus grow epiphytically or lithophytically and are shrubby. The shoots are ribbed or flattened and leaf-like. The main shoot, which rotates near the base, is only flattened at the top, while the side shoots are completely flattened. The thorns on it are bristly or missing.
The large flowers that open during the day appear singly or rarely in groups from an areole . They are of different shapes and sizes. The flowers are funnel-shaped or tubular, sometimes zygomorphic and rarely wheel-shaped. They are bright red, pinkish-orange, light yellow in color or white. The stamens are often in two rows, the upper ones sometimes forming a clear throat circle.
Berry-like fruits are formed that are almost bare or covered with a few small scales. They contain broadly egg-shaped seeds 1.5 to 2.4 millimeters long and 1 to 1.7 millimeters wide. The seeds are brown-black to almost black and are shiny or, more rarely, a little dull.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Disocactus is mainly found in Central America , but also in Mexico , the Caribbean and northern South America .
The first description was published in 1845 by John Lindley . The type species of the genus is Cereus biformis . In 1991 Wilhelm Barthlott divided the genus Disocactus into five subgenera. The genus includes the following species:
- Subgenus Ackermannia
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Disocactus ackermannii
(Haw.) Ralf Bauer
- Disocactus ackermannii f. candidus (Alexander) Barthlott
- Disocactus ackermannii subsp. ackermannii
- Disocactus ackermannii subsp. conzattianus (T.MacDoug.) Ralf Bauer
- Disocactus aurantiacus (Kimnach) Barthlott
- Disocactus cinnabarinus (Eichlam ex Weing.) Barthlott
- Disocactus kimnachii G.D. Rowley
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Disocactus ackermannii
(Haw.) Ralf Bauer
- Subgenus Aporocactus
- Disocactus flagelliformis (L.) Barthlott
- Disocactus martianus (Zucc. Ex Pfeiff.) Barthlott
- Disocactus schrankii (Zucc. Ex Seitz) Barthlott
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Disocactus speciosus (Cav.) Barthlott
- Disocactus speciosus f. amecaensis (Heese) Barthlott
- Disocactus speciosus f. speciosus
- Subgenus Disocactus
- Disocactus biformis (Lindl.) Lindl.
- Disocactus eichlamii (Weing.) Britton & Rose
- Disocactus macranthus (Alexander) Kimnach & Hutchison
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Disocactus nelsonii (Britton & Rose) Linding.
- Disocactus nelsonii var. Nelsonii
- Disocactus nelsonii var. Hondurensis Kimnach
- Disocactus quezaltecus (Standl. & Steyerm.) Kimnach
- Subgenus Nopalxochia
- Disocactus macdougallii (Alexander) Barthlott
- Disocactus phyllanthoides (DC.) Barthlott
Without assignment to a subgenus, the hybrids are :
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Disocactus × hybridus
Hybrid of Disocactus phyllanthoides and Disocactus speciosus -
Disocactus × mallisonii
Hybrid of Disocactus flagelliformis and Disocactus speciosus -
Disocactus × violaceus
Hybrid of Disocactus ackermannii and Disocactus speciosus
Synonyms of the genus are Disisocactus Kunze , Aporocactus Lem. , Heliocereus (A. Berger) Britton & Rose , Chiapasia Britton & Rose , Nopalxochia Britton & Rose , Disocereus Frič & Kreuz. , Bonifazia Standl. & Steyerm. , Lobeira Alexander Pseudonopalxochia Backeb. , Disisorhipsalis Doweld and Aporocereus Frič & Kreuz. .
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 182-187 .
Individual evidence
- ^ John Lindley: Disocactus biformis. Two-shaped torch thistle . In: Edwards's Botanical Register. Or, Flower Garden and Shrubbery . Volume 31, London 1845, plate 9 ( online )
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 182-187 .
further reading
- Wilhelm Barthlott : Disocactus, Lepismium and Pseudorhipsalis . In: DR Hunt, N. Taylor (Ed.): Notes on miscellaneous genera of Cactaceae . In: Bradleya . Volume 9, 1991, pp. 81-92
- Ralf Bauer: A synopsis of the tribe Hylocereceeae F. Buxb. In: Cactaceae Systematics Initiatives . Volume 17, pp. 3-63, 2003
- Myron William Kimnach: The genus Disocactus . In: Haseltonia . Volume 1, 1993, pp. 95-139