Aramon

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Aramon is a very old red wine variety . She may be from Spain . Research by Ferdinand Regner , however, suggests a close relationship with the Heunisch family.

According to the last survey, the area under vines in France is 3,304 (as of 2007). In 1998, at least 10,870 hectares of vineyards were planted with Aramon. The main growing area is still the Languedoc . It is also used in Algeria , Morocco , Portugal , Romania and Uruguay , so that around 8,000 hectares are known worldwide.

It is very productive, but produces rather inferior red wine with little color.

Together with the Teinturier du Cher variety , it was a cross- breeding partner for the new Petit Bouschet variety , together with the Jaeger 70 grape variety bred by Hermann Jaeger for the Aramon du Gard and Flot Rouge varieties . Later, together with the Petit Bouschet variety, the Grand Noir de la Calmette grape variety was created .

The Aramon Blanc and Aramon Gris grape varieties were created as a mutation from the Aramon variety .

Cultivation history

From the middle of the 19th century until well into the last century , when almost exclusively mass-produced goods were produced in southern France , it was the dominant grape in Languedoc , especially in the Hérault department . Around 1870 it occupied 214,000 hectares there alone and was for a long time the most widely grown variety in France. Even in 1958, 150,230 hectares of planted vineyards were collected across France. With the introduction of a nationwide rail network in France, the inexpensive wines from the mass carrier Aramon were exported nationwide and guaranteed a reliable income for the winemakers in Languedoc.

Its decline began when the classification of grape varieties was introduced in France in 1955 and it was not classified as a quality grape variety and thus was not approved in the appellations of France. Therefore, the strategy of the winegrowers in the region has changed drastically. The vine has long been on the decline and is used by others such as B. Carignan , Cinsault et al. a. displaced, which promise much more substantial wines.

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

In ampelography , the habitus is described as follows:

  • The shoot tip is open. It is slightly hairy with white wool. The young leaves are hairy like a cobweb and spotted yellow.
  • The large leaves (see also the article leaf shape ) are thin and only slightly three-lobed (rarely five-lobed). The stem bay is open in a V-shape. The leaf margin is serrated to a point. The teeth are closely set compared to other grape varieties.
  • The cylindrical to cone-shaped grapes are very large (mostly 400 - 600 grams in weight, occasionally up to 1 kg), shouldered and with dense berries. The round berries are large. When fully ripe, they are deep blue to black in color.

The Aramon grape variety ripens around 25 days after the Gutedel and is therefore considered to ripen late internationally for a grape variety. The variety is considered to be very productive.

Aramon sprouts early and is therefore endangered by late spring frosts. It is not very sensitive to the fungal disease powdery mildew , but very sensitive to downy mildew , eutypiosis and gray mold rot . It is prone to phytoplasm contamination . The phytoplasm infestation leads to yellowing diseases such as golden yellow yellowing ( French : Flavescence dorée ) or blackwood disease .

While the yields on barren slopes are as low as 50 to 70 hl / ha, it can rise to 250 to 400 hl / ha in fertile plains.

Synonyms

The Aramon grape variety is also available under the names Aramon Noir, Aramon noire, Aramon chernyi, Aramon negro, Aramon pignat, Aramon pigne, Aramon rozovyi, Aramon Saint-Joseph, Aramone, Aramonen, Aramont, Arramont, Burchardt's Prince (in England) , Burckarti Prinz, Burkhardt, Eramoul, Eromoul, Gros Bouteillan, Kék Aramon, Pisse-Vin, Plant riche, Rabalaïré, Ramonen, Reballaïré, Reballayre, Revalaire, Revellaire, Ugni neru, Ugni nevu, Ugni Noir, Uni negre and Uni noir known .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Les Cepages noirs dans le Vignoble (PDF) ( Memento of January 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), statistics on red grape varieties per greater region, part 1, publication by the Office National Interprofessionnel des Fruits, des Legumes, des Vins et de L'Horticulture - ONIVINS for short, as of 2008
  2. ↑ Les Cepages noirs dans le Vignoble (PDF) ( Memento from March 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Statistics on red grape varieties per Greater Region, Part 2, Publication by the Office National Interprofessionnel des Fruits, des Legumes, des Vins et de L'Horticulture - ONIVINS for short, as of 2008
  3. ↑ Horst Dietrich Mohr: Color Atlas Diseases, Pests and Nûtzlinge an der Weinrebe , Page 80, ISBN 3800141485