Arthur Greenwood

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Arthur Greenwood CH (* 8. February 1880 in Hunslet , Yorkshire , England ; † 9. June 1954 in London ) was a British politician of the Labor Party .

Life

The son of a painter and decorator received a scholarship to Bewerley Street School in 1893 and then worked as a preschool teacher since 1895. He began studying socialism by reading the weekly newspaper The Clarion and Philip Snowden's articles and eventually became a member of the Labor Party. In 1899 he began teacher training at Yorkshire College in Leeds with a further scholarship and finally earned a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Leeds in 1905 .

He then continued to work as a teacher, but was shortly thereafter director of the Technical College in Huddersfield and finally in 1913 lecturer in economics at the University of Leeds. In 1914 he went to London and became secretary of the Council for the study of international relations and published during the First World War with The reorganization of Industry (1916) one of his more important works. At the end of the war he became a close associate of the then reconstruction minister Christopher Addison and Arthur Henderson .

Greenwood initially took over functions within the Labor Party and in 1920 became secretary of the information and research department. He was first elected as a member of the House of Commons in the general election of November 15, 1922 , where he initially represented the Nelson and Colne constituency until October 27, 1931 . Between January and November 1924 he was Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Health during the tenure of Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald .

In the second administration of Ramsay MacDonald he was Minister of Health from June 5, 1929 to August 24, 1931. In the general election of October 27, 1931 , he lost his mandate in the lower house, but was re-elected to the House of Commons in a by-election in the constituency of Wakefield on April 21, 1932, and was a member of this until his death. In 1931 Greenwood became a member of the Freemasons ' Union , his lodge was the New Welcome Lodge No. 5139 in London.

In 1935 he applied to head the Labor Party, but lost with 33 votes in the first ballot to Clement Attlee , who received 58 votes, and Herbert Stanley Morrison , who came in second , who received 44 votes. However, he became deputy chairman of the Labor Party and held this position until he was replaced by Herbert Morrison in 1945.

In that of Winston Churchill led war government he was, between May 1940 and February 1942 Minister without portfolio and a member of the inner war cabinet , then to 1945 as chairman of the faction of the Labor Party in the House and leader of the opposition (Leader of the Opposition). In addition, Greenwood became Treasurer of the Labor Party in 1943 and held that position until 1954.

After the Labor Party won the general election on July 5, 1945 , Prime Minister Clement Attlee appointed him Keeper of the Lord's Seal and held this office until 1947. In addition, he was between 1946 and 1947 Paymaster General .

After leaving the government, he refused the offer of elevation to the nobility as Viscount , as this would "violate his principles and would be unfavorable for his son's parliamentary career". His son Anthony Greenwood was also a longtime Labor MP and Minister who later became a member of the House of Lords as Baron Greenwood of Rossendale . Arthur Greenwood was in Golders Green Crematorium in London cremated , where his ashes is located.

Publications

  • Juvenile labor exchanges and after-care , 1911
  • The health and physique of school children , 1913
  • Richard Oastler, "the factory king" , 1913
  • Public ownership of the liquor trade , 1920
  • From capitalism to co-operative commonwealth , 1926
  • The compulsory raising of the school-leaving age , 1927
  • The labor outlook , 1929
  • Unemployment and the distressed areas , 1935
  • Why we fight , 1940
  • All children are mine , 1952

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Robert A. Minder: Freemason Politicians Lexicon, study publisher; Page 292, Innsbruck 2004, 350 pages, ISBN 3-7065-1909-7
  2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated June 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Labor History Review , vol. 71, no. 1, April 2006, p. 31; on the homepage of: www.scribd.com, accessed September 4, 2012  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.scribd.com
  3. ↑ DER SPIEGEL: Arthur Greenwood (No. 41/1947)

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Greenwood, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British Labor Party politician, Member of the House of Commons
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Hunslet (Leeds) , Yorkshire
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1954
Place of death London