Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison

Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison , KG , PC (born June 19, 1869 in Hogsthorpe , Lincolnshire , † December 11, 1951 in London ) was an English anatomy professor and politician. He was Minister of Munitions during World War I and later Minister of Health.

Early years

Christopher Addison was born on June 19, 1869 in Hogsthorpe, Lincolnshire. At the age of 13 he attended Trinity College in Harrogate , Sheffield Medical School and St Bartholomew's Hospital in London, he later studied medicine and became professor of anatomy at the universities of Cambridge and London . For his parents, who had owned a farm for generations, his education was extremely costly. That's why Addison supported his parents financially after graduation. He initially received a professorship at the University of Sheffield and later moved to the Charing Cross Hospital in London. He was long president of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. He was also the publisher of the "Quarterly Medical Journal" from 1898 to 1901. In 1902 he married Isobel Gray. They had two daughters and three sons together. Isobel, daughter of a wealthy Scottish businessman, gave her husband moral and financial support after he decided to pursue a political career.

politics

Liberal politics

Motivated by the desire to fight poverty - it was felt, poverty can not by doctors, but only by governments to combat -, he settled in 1907 in Hoxton , Shoreditch , as a candidate of the Liberals set up in the British House of Commons was elected however, he did not enter the Hoxton constituency until 1910 . During the First World War, he was Parliamentary Secretary of State ( Parliamentary Secretary ) in the Ministry of Education from 1914 to 1915 , and then Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Munitions. After David Lloyd George was appointed Secretary of War , Addison became Minister of Munitions, an office that existed only during World War I, and Minister of Reconstruction in 1917. After the war he was Minister of Health in the Lloyd George cabinet from 1919 to 1921, but was elected from parliament in the 1922 election. There he had represented the Shoreditch constituency since 1918 .

Labor policy

The time after the World War had made him pensive and had doubts about his political direction. In the 1923 election he supported the election campaign of candidates from the Labor Party ; he himself was nominated in the next election in 1924, but could not prevail. During this time, he returned to the farm he grew up on and published numerous books including The Betrayal of the Slums and Practical Socialism . In the constituency of Swindon in Wiltshire , he was able to win a seat in parliament again in 1929. Then Ramsay MacDonald brought him in 1929 as Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture. After Noel Buxton resigned as minister, Addison succeeded him in 1930. He worked with Clement Attlee , who later became chairman of the Labor Party, with whom he became a close friend. He lost his seat in parliament in 1931 to his conservative predecessor Reginald Mitchell Banks , but was able to recapture it in a by-election in 1934, the year his wife Isobel died. In 1935, however, he lost his seat again to the Tory candidate Wavell Wakefield . He helped organize medical aid for Spain during the civil war there .

House of Lords

Addison moved to the House of Lords in May 1937 when he was raised to Baron Addison , of Stallingborough in the County of Lincoln . After Harry Snell had to retire due to illness, Addison was appointed chairman of the Labor Group in the House of Lords, which he remained until his death. In the 1945 election, which the Labor Party won, he was named Leader of the House of Lords . In July 1945 he was given the hereditary title of Viscount and he was raised to Viscount Addison , of Stallingborough in the County of Lincoln. At the same time he became State Secretary in the Ministry for the Dominions . In the following year he was the first Labor politician to be accepted into the Order of the Garter .

When his health began to deteriorate, he assumed sinecure offices that made it possible to run the House of Lords. From 1947 to 1951 he was Lord Seal Keeper and then Paymaster General and Lord President of the Council .

When Winston Churchill's second cabinet took over after the new elections on October 26, 1951 , Addison resigned from office when the Attlee Labor Cabinet resigned. He died two months later.

literature

Web links

predecessor Office successor
New title created Baron Addison
1937-1951 		Christopher Addison
New title created Viscount Addison
1945–1951 		Christopher Addison
Edwin Samuel Montagu Minister of Munitions
1916–1917 		Winston Churchill
Office newly created Minister for Reconstruction
1917–1919 		Auckland Geddes
Noel Buxton Minister of Health
1919–1921 		Alfred moon
New title created Minister of Agriculture
1930–1931 		John Gilmour
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
1945–1947 		Philip Noel-Baker
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil Leader of the House of Lords
1945–1951 		Robert Gascoyne-Cecil
Philip Inman Keeper of the Lord
Seal 1947–1951 		Ernest Bevin
Hilary Marquand Paymaster General
1948-1949 		Gordon Macdonald
Herbert Stanley Morrison Lord President of the Council
1951 		Frederick Marquis
personal data
SURNAME Addison, Christopher, 1st Viscount Addison
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English professor of anatomy and politician
DATE OF BIRTH June 19, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH Hogsthorpe , Lincolnshire
DATE OF DEATH December 11, 1951
Place of death London