Golders Green Crematorium
The Golders Green Crematorium in North London was the first crematorium in London when it opened in 1902 and is one of the oldest crematoriums in Great Britain. It is located on Hoop Lane in the Golders Green neighborhood of Barnet , about a 10-minute walk from Golders Green Tube Station. The site of the crematorium is directly opposite the extensive Golders Green Jewish cemetery.
history
The Golders Green Crematorium was built on behalf of the Cremation Society of Great Britain , the building site was purchased in 1900. The buildings of the crematorium were designed by the architects Sir Ernest George and Alfred B. Yeates , the gardens by William Robinson .
In 1902 the crematorium was opened by Sir Henry Thompson . In a total of four construction phases, additional buildings were added (1901–1910, 1910–1911, 1912–1916, 1926–1928) before the entire complex was finally largely completed in 1939. At that time the Golders Green Crematorium had a total of seven cremation ovens that were fired with fuel gas .
Since November 1902, more than 323,500 cremations have taken place in Golders Green Crematorium ; this is far more than any other British crematorium. It is estimated that Golders Green Crematorium currently performs an average of 2,000 cremations per year.
investment
The buildings of the Golders Green Crematorium are designed as red brick buildings in the Lombard style and include the following elements (from west to east):
- the West Columbarium - built 1902–1903 by George and Yeates
- the reception block - built around 1930
- the West Chapel - built 1901–1903 by George and Yeates
- the East Chapel - built 1938–1939 by Mitchell and Bridgewater
- the Bedford Chapel - built in 1911
- the East Columbarium - built 1911–1913 by George and Yeates
- the Ernest George Columbarium - built 1922–1928 by Yeates
- the Chapel of Memory with the Chapel of Memory Columbarium - built 1938–1939 by Mitchell and Bridgewater
The buildings mentioned are parallel to Hoop Lane and are connected in the south - to the Garden of Rest - by a one-story open walkway, which in turn is divided into Exedral Cloister, West Cloister, East Cloister and the Chapel of Memory Cloister . The chimney of the crematorium is in the tower. The four-story West Columbarium was the first columbarium in Great Britain specially built to hold cinder urns . The Ernest George Columbarium was after the death of Ernest Georges designed by Yeates as a three-winged building around a grassy area with lily pond and was when it opened in 1928 as the "most beautiful and most expensive ever built buildings of this type." In Bedford Chapel is the original incinerator of the Woking Crematorium , which Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford , had transferred here and in which he himself was cremated in 1940. In 1959, the Shrine of Remembrance was inaugurated in memory of those who died of Jewish faith . The buildings of the Golders Green Crematorium are under monument protection (Grade II), which also includes the numerous memorial plaques on the walls of the facility.
The Garden of Rest gardens, which adjoin the crematorium building in the south , have an approximately triangular shape and a size of around 4.9 hectares. The areas are extensively planted, there are also two ponds with bridges and a large crocus lawn. Separate lawns (so-called scattering lawns ) are used to scatter the ashes of the deceased, in other parts of the garden the ashes of the deceased are buried under individual rose bushes. In addition to numerous other grave monuments, the garden u. a. a Commonwealth War Graves Commission memorial, unveiled in 1952, commemorating 496 soldiers from both World Wars who were cremated in Golders Green Crematorium. It stands at the head of an ornamental pond at the western end of the building complex.
Burials
Among the numerous individuals cremated at Golders Green Crematorium are: a .:
Ashes kept on site or scattered
- Larry Adler (1914–2001), harmonica player and author
- Kingsley Amis (1922–1995), writer and poet
- Boris Anrep (1883–1969), mosaicist
- Henry Edward Armstrong (1848–1937), chemist
- Edward Battersby Bailey (1881-1965), geologist
- Lionel Bart (1930–1999), musical composer
- Richard Claude Belt (1851–1920), sculptor
- Elisabeth Bergner (1897–1986), theater and film actress
- Enid Blyton (1897–1968), writer
- Marc Bolan (1947–1977), singer, guitarist and songwriter
- Bernard Bresslaw (1934–1993), actor
- George Brown, Baron George-Brown (1914–1985), politician
- Jack Bruce (1943–2014), rock, blues and jazz musician
- Dorothy Burlingham (1891–1979), child psychoanalyst and educator
- Eric Coates (1886–1957), composer and violist
- Cicely Courtneidge (1893–1980), actress
- Walter Crane (1845–1915), painter and illustrator
- Tony Crombie (1925–1999), jazz and rhythm & blues musician
- James Dewar (1842-1923), physical chemist
- Edith Durham (1863–1944), traveler to the Balkans, illustrator and writer
- Ray Ellington (1916–1985), jazz and entertainment musician
- Havelock Ellis (1859–1939), sex researcher, social reformer and Fabian
- Millicent Fawcett (1847-1929), suffragette
- Kathleen Ferrier (1912–1953), opera singer
- Bud Flanagan (1896–1968), music hall and vaudeville entertainer
- Alfred Flechtheim (1878–1937), art dealer, gallery owner and publisher
- Lynne Frederick (1954–1994), actress
- Anna Freud (1895–1982), psychoanalyst
- Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), founder of psychoanalysis
- Ernest George (1839–1922), architect of the Golders Green Crematorium
- Elinor Glyn (1864–1943), writer, journalist and screenwriter
- Ernő Goldfinger (1902–1987), architect
- Charles Gray (1928-2000), actor
- Anthony Greenwood, Baron Greenwood of Rossendale (1911–1982), politician
- Arthur Greenwood (1880–1954), politician
- John Gross (1935–2011), literary critic and author
- Kenneth Halliwell (1926–1967), actor and author
- Irene Handl (1901–1987), actress
- Robert Harbin (1908–1978), magician, inventor and author
- Henriette Hardenberg (1894–1993), expressionist poet
- Jack Hawkins (1910–1973), actor
- Tubby Hayes (1935–1973), jazz musician
- Emanuel Christian Hedmondt (1857–1940), singer and singing teacher
- Ian Hendry (1931-1984), actor
- Margaret Lindsay Huggins (1848–1915), astronomer
- William Huggins (1824–1910), astronomer and physicist
- Albert Inkpin (1884–1944), politician
- Sid James (1913–1976), actor
- Geoffrey Jellicoe (1900–1996), landscape architect and town planner
- Geoffrey Keen (1916-2005), actor
- Otto Königsberger (1908–1999), architect and town planner
- Alexander Korda (1893–1956), film producer and film director
- David Kossoff (1919–2005), actor and author
- Paul Kossoff (1950–1976), rock and blues guitarist
- Doris Lessing (1919–2013), writer, Nobel Prize winner
- Percy Wyndham Lewis (1882–1957), writer and painter
- Wolf Mankowitz (1924–1998), writer and screenwriter
- Karl Mannheim (1893–1947), sociologist and philosopher
- Simon Marks, 1st Baron Marks of Broughton (1888–1964), founder of Marks & Spencer
- Matt Monro (1930–1985), singer
- Keith Moon (1946–1978), musician
- Janet Munro (1934–1972), film and television actress
- Ivor Novello (1893–1951), entertainer
- Joe Orton (1933-1967), playwright
- Anna Pavlova (1881–1931), dancer
- Don Revie (1927–1989), football player and coach
- Timothy Richard (1845–1919), Baptist missionary in China
- Ewan Roberts (1914–1983), actor
- Ronnie Scott (1927-1996), jazz tenor saxophonist
- Phil Seamen (1926–1972), drummer
- Peter Sellers (1925–1980), comedian and film actor
- Israel Sieff, Baron Sieff (1889–1972), entrepreneur and politician
- Bernard Spilsbury (1877–1947), pathologist and forensic scientist
- Bram Stoker (1847-1912), writer
- AJP Taylor (1906–1990), historian
- Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet (1820–1904), doctor and client of the Golders Green Crematorium
- Karl Tunberg (1907–1992), screenwriter and film producer
- Tommy Vance (1940-2005), radio host
- Conrad Veidt (1893–1943), actor
Ashes buried elsewhere or scattered
- Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947), politician, ashes buried in Worcester Cathedral
- Ernest Bevin (1881–1951), union leader and politician, ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Ronnie Biggs (1929–2013), member of the British mail robber gang, ashes given to the family
- Horatio Bottomley (1860–1933), journalist and politician, ashes scattered on the Sussex Downs
- Brendan Bracken, 1st Viscount Bracken (1901–1958), British statesman, ashes scattered in the Romney Marshes
- Alan Bush (1900–1995), composer, pianist and conductor, ashes handed over to the family
- Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940), politician, buried ashes in Westminster Abbey
- Alan J. Charig (1927–1997), paleontologist, ashes scattered at Woldingham Viewpoint near Oxted, Surrey
- Peter Cook (1937–1995), comedian and actor, ashes buried behind St. John's Church in Hampstead
- Bebe Daniels (1901–1971), actress, buried ashes in Hollywood Forever Cemetery , Hollywood
- Ian Dury (1942–2000), singer, songwriter and actor, ashes scattered on the Thames
- TS Eliot (1888–1965), poet, playwright and critic, Nobel Prize winner , ashes buried in St Michael's Church in East Coker
- Lily Elsie (1886–1962), actress and operetta singer, given ashes to the family
- John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher (1841–1920), Admiral in the Royal Navy, ashes buried in Kilverstone , Norfolk
- John French, 1st Earl of Ypres (1852–1925), Field Marshal, ashes buried in Ripple, Kent
- Edward German (1862–1936), composer and conductor, buried ashes in Whitchurch, Shropshire
- WS Gilbert (1836–1911), writer, playwright and librettist, ashes buried in the Church of St. John the Evangelist, Stanmore
- Eric Hobsbawm (1917–2012), universal historian, ashes buried in Highgate Cemetery
- John Inman (1935–2007), comedian and actor, ashes handed over to the family
- Henry Irving (1838–1905), stage actor, ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading (1860–1935), politician and lawyer, ashes buried in the Golders Green Jewish Cemetery
- Henry James (1843–1916), writer, ashes buried in Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Kenrick Hymans ("Snakehips") Johnson (1910–1941), musician and dancer, buried ashes in Marlow, Buckinghamshire
- Ernest Jones (1879–1958), psychoanalyst and Freud biographer, ashes buried in Cheriton
- Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936), writer and poet, Nobel Prize winner , ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Leonid Krassin (1870–1926), communist, ashes buried in the necropolis on the Kremlin wall , Moscow
- Alice Liddell (1852–1934), ashes buried in Lyndhurst, Hampshire
- Vivien Leigh (1913-1967), actress, ashes scattered on her Tickerage Mill estate near Blackboys , Sussex
- Princess Louise, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn (1860-1917), ashes buried at the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
- Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll (1848–1939), ashes buried on the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
- Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944), architect, ashes buried in St. Paul's Cathedral , London
- Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868–1928), architect, craftsman, printmaker and painter, ashes scattered at sea near Port Vendres
- John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn (1838–1923), statesman and publicist, ashes buried in Putney Vale Cemetery , London
- Peter O'Toole (1932–2013), actor, ashes given to the family
- Dudley Pound (1877–1943), Admiral in the Royal Navy, ashes scattered at sea
- Prajadhipok (1893–1941), King of Siam , ashes buried in the Grand Palace , Bangkok
- Wendy Richard (1943–2009), actress, buried ashes in East Finchley Cemetery
- Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson (1871–1937), physicist, Nobel Prize winner , ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Marie Schmolková (1893–1940), Jewish social worker, gave ashes to the family
- Sophia Duleep Singh (1876–1948), suffragette, ashes scattered in Punjab, India
- Vivian Stanshall (1943–1995), rock musician, ashes passed on to the family
- Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847–1909), zoologist and ornithologist, gave ashes to the family
- George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950), writer, Nobel Prize winner , ashes scattered on his Shaw's Corner estate in Ayot Saint Lawrence
- Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead (1872–1930), politician, buried in ashes in Charlton, Northamptonshire
- Herbert Spencer (1820–1903), philosopher and sociologist, ashes buried in Highgate Cemetery
- Charles Villiers Stanford (1852–1924), composer, ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Ellen Terry (1847–1928), stage actress, buried ashes in St Paul's Church, Covent Garden , London
- James Henry Thomas (1874–1949), union official and politician, ashes buried in Swindon , Wiltshire
- Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872–1958), composer and conductor, ashes buried in Westminster Abbey
- Henry Wellcome (1853–1936), pharmaceutical entrepreneur, ashes, buried in 1987 in the churchyard of St. Paul's Cathedral , London
- HG Wells (1866-1946), writer, ashes scattered at sea
- Amy Winehouse (1983–2011), singer and songwriter, ashes buried in Edgwarebury Cemetery, London
- Szmul Zygielbojm (1895–1943), Jewish politician, ashes buried in New York
literature
- Darren Beach: London's Cemeteries , 2nd. Edition, Metro, London 2011, ISBN 978-1-902910-40-6 .
- Hilary J. Grainger: Golders Green Crematorium and the Architectural Expression of Cremation . In: Mortality . 5, No. 1, 2000, pp. 53-73. doi : 10.1080 / 713685990 .
- Peter C. Jupp, Hilary J. Grainger (Eds.): Golders Green Crematorium, 1902–2002: A London Centenary in Context . London Cremation Company, London 2002, ISBN 978-0-9543529-0-5 .
- Hugh Meller, Brian Parsons: London Cemeteries: An Illustrated Guide & Gazetteer , 5th. Edition, The History Press, Stroud 2008, ISBN 978-0-7524-6183-0 .
Web links
- Golders Green Crematorium on the pages of Historic England
- Golders Green Crematorium
- Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC): Golders Green Crematorium