Arthur Krupp
Arthur Krupp (born May 31, 1856 in Vienna , † April 21, 1938 in Berndorf in Lower Austria) was an Austrian industrialist.
Life
Arthur Krupp grew up in Berndorf as the son of Hermann Krupp's industrial family. He was brought up very religiously and conservatively. He was interested in both technology and business. He attended the Academic Gymnasium in Vienna , but also spent a few years in a boarding school in Dresden . Even as a boy he spent a lot of time with his father in the Berndorfer metal goods factory , which Hermann Krupp founded and operated with his partner Alexander von Schoeller .
When his parents died in 1879 and Alexander von Schoeller, his father's partner, did not take sufficient care of the company, he took over management at the age of 23. At least so much is known of his private life that he became a close friend with Adolph Freiherr von Pittel , on the occasion of whose death he announced that he had lost his best friend in him.
He was married to Margret geb. Rudolph (1858–1920) With Margret Krupp he had only one daughter, who died at the age of nine days.
The company's rise was based on the production of spoons and forks. From Alpacca he made various kinds of cutlery relatively cheaply. With the silver-like cutlery, the hospitality industry, railway lines and shipping lines were among his customers. Cutlery decorated with a dolphin was also made for Empress Elisabeth and was used in the Achilleion on Corfu .
In 1892, he and his wife gave up their German citizenship and took Austrian citizenship instead . So it was also possible for Krupp to represent industry in the manor of the Reichsrat as a member of parliament. From 1905 to 1916 he was also President of the Industrial Club , the forerunner of the Federation of Industrialists . During this time, one of his main activities was the expansion of what was then the port of Trieste in order to strengthen Austrian foreign trade.
Thanks to his worldwide business relationships, he traveled a lot abroad and got to know the world.
Since he also admired Emperor Franz Joseph very much, he was constantly looking for contact. In 1897 he submitted the application for the title of imperial purveyor to the court , which was granted to him in the same year, a year later he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Franz Joseph Order , and in 1905 his wife was awarded the Elisabeth Order, 2nd class . In addition to his stays in Berndorf, he also spent a lot of time in the Walster near Mariazell , where he - like his wife Margret - indulged in the hunt.
But he also appeared as a patron for overseas expeditions. One of his characteristics was tolerance towards other cultures, but also in matters of faith. So he became Pope Pius X to the Commander of Gregory the appointed.
One could also see his conservatism in art. He didn't think much of architects like Adolf Loos or other then modern artists. On the other hand, he employed some artists, such as the portrait painter Josefine Swoboda .
Only half a year before the abdication of Emperor Charles I , Krupp was appointed to the Privy Council , a title whose bearer was addressed with excellence .
After the collapse of the monarchy, the nature of Krupp entrepreneurship was not always viewed positively by the emerging labor movements. There were also economic difficulties. So Krupp slowly withdrew from his empire to Vienna and into nature on the Walster. He did not return to Berndorf until 1936, where he died in 1938, as he wrote on his obituary notice, rich in successes as well as in grief and worries .
Act
His life and work is very closely connected to the original village of Berndorf and was based on the motto work, education and peace .
Berndorf grew from 350 to 2,000 residents under his father, soon overtook the neighboring market town of Pottenstein and in 1910 had over 12,700 residents.
In addition to the jobs that Krupp offered the Berndorfern, he also took care of the infrastructure of the nascent city. Many buildings were built by the architect Ludwig Baumann on his behalf and at his expense . In the style of a garden city, many workers' houses, which could also be purchased as condominiums with cheap loans, were built. An outdoor swimming pool, which served as a natural ice rink in winter but no longer exists today, was also built.
In addition to his own generously designed villa on the fire , which was set on fire by Berndorfern after the Second World War , he had the first workers' theater of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy built, today's Stadttheater Berndorf , which celebrated the 50th anniversary of Franz Joseph's throne in 1897/98 Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Theater was completed.
The Protestant had a church built for the majority of the Catholic population, named after his wife St. Margarete is consecrated.
He paid great attention to education. Since the workers did not have the opportunity to get to know foreign cultures, he wanted to bring the different cultures closer to the children by means of the "style classes" in the Berndorfer schools he designed . Each classroom in these schools was designed in the style of a different historical epoch or civilization. The daily life of the students was also provided with central heating and showers in a way that was progressive at the time.
Through his striving to be as self-sufficient as possible in the small community, he set up his own slaughterhouse and a consumer association .
In total, Krupp invested the equivalent of 100 million euros from private assets and the same amount from company assets.
literature
- Viktor Schützenhofer: Krupp, Arthur. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 146 ( digitized version ).
- Hillbrand: Krupp Arthur. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 4, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1969, p. 304.
- Dietmar Lautscham: Arthur, the Austrian Krupp. Berndorf, Kral, 2005. ISBN 3-902447-12-5
- Krupps in Berndorf. Series of publications by the Chamber of Commerce of Lower Austria, Linz 1978.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Memorial plaque for industrialist Arthur Krupp ( Memento from January 14, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Berndorf. (Award.). In: Badener Zeitung , December 3, 1898, p. 5, top left. (Online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Local news. (…) Award .. In: Badener Zeitung , April 5, 1905, p. 3, center left. (Online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Correspondence. Berndorf. (Privy Councilor Arthur Krupp.). In: Badener Zeitung , May 11, 1918, p. 5, center left. (Online at ANNO ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Arthur Krupp in the catalog of the German National Library
- Newspaper article about Arthur Krupp in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
- Entry on Arthur Krupp in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Entry on Arthur Krupp in the database of the state's memory for the history of the state of Lower Austria ( Museum Niederösterreich )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Krupp, Arthur |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian entrepreneur |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 31, 1856 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 21, 1938 |
| Place of death | Berndorf (Lower Austria) |