August Ebrard

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August Ebrard, around 1850
August Ebrard

Johann Heinrich August Ebrard (born January 18, 1818 in Erlangen ; † July 23, 1888 there ) was a German Reformed theologian.

Life

Ebrard comes from a noble Huguenot immigrant family from Languedoc and was the son of Erlangen pastor Franz Elias Ebrard and his wife Wilhelmine Dorothea Katharina Hohle.

Ebrard was impressed early on by the teachings of Adolf Harless and Johann Christian Konrad von Hofmann . Pastor Christian Krafft also had a great influence on Ebrard. From 1835 to 1839 he studied in Erlangen and Berlin and successfully completed his studies. He was the founder of the student association Uttenruthia Erlangen, which was founded in 1836 . After they split into Uttenruthia and Erlanger Wingolf in 1850 , he joined the Erlanger Wingolf. He found his first job as a private tutor in Friedrichsdorf / Taunus .

After becoming a Dr. phil. received his doctorate, he was appointed as a private lecturer in Erlangen the following year. Funded by Christian Krafft, Ebrard completed his habilitation there and in the same year he published his Scientific Critique of Protestant History . This was directed against David Friedrich Strauss and most likely the cause of his immediate appointment as associate professor at the University of Zurich . There he founded the magazine Future of the Church .

Ebrard has campaigned for the cooperation of Reformed pastors and parishioners since 1850, founded the Reformed Church newspaper in 1851 and was one of the founders of the Reformed League in 1884 . As early as 1843 Ebrard had made a name for himself with a reformed liturgy and in 1847 with his Reformed church book for the revival of the Reformed form of worship.

Ebrard married Luise von Loewenich in Erlangen. With her he had three sons, including the future historian Friedrich Clemens Ebrard .

In 1847 he returned to Erlangen as a full professor of Reformed theology. Six years later he was called to Speyer as consistorial councilor and chief preacher . There he tried to introduce a new hymn book and the old reformed presbyterial constitution in the Palatinate Union Church . The disputes - especially on the question of the hymn book - escalated to such an extent in 1860 that Ebrard went into early retirement in 1861. He settled in his hometown and was able to resume his lectures here after a break for several years. In 1875 he was appointed pastor of the French Reformed congregation in Erlangen, and in 1876 he was elected moderator of the Bavarian Synod of Reformed congregations.

August Ebrard died on July 23, 1888 in Erlangen at the age of 70.

In addition to his theological works, Ebrard published legal, scientific and political writings. He also wrote works of fiction under the pseudonyms Gottfried Flammberg , Christian Deutsch and Sigmund Sturm . He is still considered one of the most important Reformed theologians of the 19th century.

Core theological questions

Despite his versatility, two focal points can be identified in Ebrard's work: the question of predestination and the question of the Lord's Supper . It's about the free will of man and the Union of Reformed Christians in the Lord's Supper. The subject of free will becomes a matter of life for him. He criticizes the doctrine of predestination, but cannot get rid of it.

Works (selection)

  • The beginnings of the human race (= time questions of Christian popular life 2.1). Zimmer, Frankfurt (Main) 1876.
  • Apologetics: scientific justification of Christianity . Two parts. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1874f.
  • Selection from Peter Lotich's the Younger poems. Translated metrically into German by August Ebrard . Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1883.
  • Pictures from the Sevennen War (= collection of lectures for the German people 2.2). C. Winter, Heidelberg 1879.
  • Boniface, the destroyer of the Colombian church on the mainland . Olms, Hildesheim / New York 1973 (reprinted from Gütersloh 1882).
  • John's letters. Along with an appendix on the Catholic letters. Explained by Joh. Heinr. Aug. Ebrard (= Biblical Commentary on all the writings of the New Testament; Vol. 6: The letters of James, Peter, Judas and Johannis; Abth. 4). Unzer, Königsberg 1859.
  • Pauli's letter to the Romans. Translated and explained by August Ebrard . Edited by Philipp Bachmann . Deichert, Erlangen et al. 1890.
  • Cheirisophos the Spartians journey through Boeotia. Found at Isarlik as a Greek manuscript and translated into German by Dr. Schliemann [d. i. August Ebrard]; 4th edition. Gotha, 1878.
  • Christian Ernst von Brandenburg-Baireuth: the admission of reformed refugee communities into a Lutheran country 1686-1712. A study of church history . Gütersloh, 1885.
  • The dogma of Holy Communion and its history ; Part 1 u. 2nd room, Frankfurt am Main 1845–1846.
  • Christian dogmatics. Unzer, Königsberg 1851–1852 ( digitized, vol. 1 ; vol. 2 ); 2nd edition, ibid. 1862–1863 ( digitized version, vol. 1 ; vol. 2 ).
  • Duplessis-Mornay . A tragedy by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. HL Brönner, Frankfurt am Main 1859.
  • E. v. Hartmann's philosophy of the unconscious. Represented and judged by August Ebrard. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1876.
  • The Gospel of John and the latest hypothesis about its creation. A contribution to the criticism of the Gospels . Meyer & Zeller, Zurich 1845.
  • The file cutter. Novel from d. Fichtelgebirge by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]; ed. Friedrich Clemens Ebrard; 2nd Edition. Kohler, Wunsiedel 1914.
  • The Protestant field diakonia in Baiern in the German Federal War of 1866 . Erlangen, 1866.
  • The credibility of the story of Jesus and the age of the New Testament writings (= collection of lectures for the German people 1,4). C. Winter, Heidelberg 1879.
  • Gustav King. His life and his art . Deichert, Erlangen et al. 1871.
  • Handbook of Christian Church and Dogma History . 4 parts. Erlangen, 1865-66.
  • Handbook of the Middle Gaelic language, mainly Ossian's grammar, reading pieces, dictionary . Sendet, Wiesbaden 1966 (reprint of the original edition of 1870).
  • The glory of the Triune God in the holy supper of Jesus Christ. Theological letter to Ernst Sartorius in response to his "meditations" . Velhagen & Klasing, Bielefeld 1855.
  • A life in songs. Poems by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]; 2nd probably edition Deichert, Erlangen et al. 1872.
  • Lifestyles. At a young age ; Gütersloh: Bertelsmann. 1888.
  • The Irish Scottish Missionary Church of the sixth, seventh and eighth centuries, and its distribution and importance on the mainland . Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1873.
  • The Revelation of St. John's. Declared v. Joh. Heinr. Aug. Ebrard (= Biblical Commentary on all writings of the New Testament; Vol. 7). Unzer, Königsberg 1853.
  • Reformed church book. Collection of church prayers and forms introduced in the Reformed Church ; 2nd Edition. in a new arrangement by Gerhard Goebel; Niemeyer, Halle / Saale 1889.
  • Journey to the Sevennes in 1877. With 4 landscapes . Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1880.
  • Ricordo. Impressions from a trip in northern Italy in poems by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1881.
  • Rudolf of the Palatinate. A trilogy by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. HL Brönner, Frankfurt am Main 1860.
  • Schleswig-Holstein. Forty-six songs against the Dane by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. Bläsing, Erlangen 1863.
  • The lost son. A children's story for adults by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. Stuttgart, 1877.
  • System of musical acoustics. As an instruction for every educated friend of music. Deichert, Erlangen et al. 1866.
  • The condition of the Christian after death. 3 sermons . Erlangen, 1879.
Poems
  • A dance of death. Poem in thirty-six songs by Gottfried Flammberg [d. i. August Ebrard]. Riegelmann, Wernigerode 1880.
  • A life in songs (2nd edition, Erlangen. 1872),
  • A dance of death (2nd edition, Leipzig 1884), and a poetic translation of Ossian's Fingal with appendix: Ebrard published on the age and authenticity of Ossian's poems (Leipzig 1868).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul Jacobs : Ebrard, the founder of the Reformed Church newspaper for memory. In: Reformed Church Newspaper. 100th year, 1959. Jacobs treats these aspects of Ebrard's life in more detail in his book Will and Change. The basics of JHA Ebrard's theology . Zwingli-Verlag, 1955, ISBN 3-290-16007-6 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ebrard, August
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ebrard, Johann Heinrich August; Flammberg, Gottfried; German, Christian; Sturm, Sigmund
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German reformed theologian
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH gain
DATE OF DEATH July 23, 1888
Place of death gain