Bärenthoren
The village of Bärenthoren is a district of the city of Zerbst / Anhalt in the Anhalt-Bitterfeld district in Saxony-Anhalt (Germany). Until 2009 Bärenthoren belonged to the Polenzko municipality . The village is known for the Bärenthorener pine industry , which the forest scientist Friedrich von Kalitsch founded in 1884 and which today forms a forest cultural monument with an area of 193 hectares.
Geography, location and place
Bärenthoren is located in the Fläming Nature Park on the southern edge of the Hohen Fläming , south of the headwaters of the (middle) Nuthe . The wooded area, which extends east from Bärenthoren to Stackelitz , reaches a height of 136 m above sea level in the vineyard . NN. The village consists of a handful of houses and the population is likely to be well below 100, as the entire Polenzko municipality has only around 310 inhabitants. Polenzko is located 1.5 kilometers northwest.
Bärenthoren Castle
In 1572 George von Redern , owner of the Polenzko manor, built the Bärenthoren farm . On January 12, 1843, the district administrator and chamberlain Friedrich von Kalitsch acquired the estate from Princess Albertine Charlotte Auguste von Waldeck and Pyrmont . In 1884 the grandson of the same name Friedrich von Kalitsch inherited the estate. Kalitsch, born in Dessau in 1858 , was Royal Prussian Forest Assessor at the Magdeburg Forest at that time . Today the DRK care center Marie von Kalitsch is housed in the palace complex . The castle park, designed by Kalitsch into a landscape park in 1920 , with a former ice cellar that could hold the ice for almost a year, is open to visitors. In the park, open, light meadows alternate with dense stands of trees. Spreading solitary trees are remarkable.
Bärenthorener pine farming
Friedrich von Kalitsch and the permanent forest
Friedrich von Kalitsch was the one of the founders continuous forest in the forestry one. In the year of his inheritance, 1884, he founded the Bärenthorener pine economy, which replaced the previous clear-cutting economy and is considered the origin of the permanent pine forest economy. With the new land management of the Bärenthorener forests, the forest character was retained as a “continuous, continuous system”. The Bärenthorener Forest became famous for forest science thanks to Professor Alfred Möller , director of the Prussian Forest Academy in Eberswalde. Möller recognized the practical application example of his permanent forest idea in the Bärenthorener Forest, which he had developed on the basis of his research trips to the Amazon jungle on behalf of the emperor (in the 1890s) as director of the academy. In 1911 he saw the opportunity in the Bärenthorener Forest to be able to prove the economic superiority of his permanent forest idea by means of intensive yield studies compared to the initial situation in 1884. His work, The Permanent Forest Thought - His Meaning and Its Meaning (1922), which reports on this forest statistics and yield research , suddenly made the previously unknown forest town of Bärenthoren the forest Mecca of the time and thus immortal in terms of forest history. In the year of the first publication, more than 1000 European forestry academics visited the previously unknown place Bärenthoren despite the time-consuming journey at the time. Möller's permanent forest idea attached itself to this led to the permanent forest dispute, which has persisted until recently, which only won its victory in the last 15 years due to the majority of German forest administrations committed to permanent forest as the comprehensive sustainable forest management form.
The Eberswalde Forestry University, from which the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development emerged , awarded Kalitsch an honorary doctorate in 1923. The great influence that Kalitsch and his forestry had gained on forest science, especially in the 1920s and 1930s, is still reflected today in specialist publications. In 2004, O. Greger discussed in the journal AFZ-Der Wald the extent to which Bärenthoren can still be regarded today as a prototype of a permanent economy without clearing in view of advances in ecological knowledge.
The Brandenburg Environment Minister Dietmar Woidke stated in a festive lecture on the 175th anniversary of forestry teaching and research in Eberswalde on June 15, 2005: You can do silviculture with three "G" s. Firstly with “patience” like Chamberlain Kalitsch in Bärenthoren. Second, with “money” like privy councilor August Bier in Sauen . Or with "Geist" as we do in Eberswalde.
Educational trail through the historical permanent forest area
The forest authority has identified Friedrich von Kalitsch's historical form of forest management today on an area totaling around 733 hectares. Of these, 193 hectares in the north-eastern part of the permanent forest area are declared a forest cultural monument. In this part there is an educational forest trail that explains the special features of Bärenthoren pine management with display boards and maps. Signposts allow use without a guide.
While this nature trail with topics related to silviculture is particularly appealing to foresters and forest owners, the Flämingwald nature trail is in the immediate vicinity to the east and offers a broader range of topics on the Fläming flora and fauna. Also neighboring is the Golmenglin fairy tale forest to the northeast .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wilhelm Bode (Ed.): Alfred Möller, The permanent forest thought - His sense and its meaning , commented reprint of the original from 1922 (Oberteuringen 1992)
- ↑ O. Greger: Is Bärenthoren the origin of permanent pine forest management? Part 1. In: AFZ.Der Wald, 2004, v.59 (6) pp. 323-325, ISSN 1430-2713
- ↑ Dietmar Woidke: Lecture on the 175th anniversary of forestry teaching and research in Eberswalde , Brandenburg, June 15, 2005 online ( Memento of the original from January 15, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked . Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
swell
- Jeber-Bergfrieden - Bärenthoren - Krakau - Ragösen , cycling and hiking tours, tour no. 8, flyer of the Fläming Nature Park eV, Jeber-Bergfrieden May 2006, without ISBN.
- Educational trails in the Fläming / Saxony-Anhalt Nature Park, Flyer of the Fläming Nature Park eV, Jeber-Bergfrieden 2006, without ISBN ( online PDF ( memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )).
further reading
- Günter Pietschmann (compilation): Literature collection on the history of the Bärenthoren district, the Friedrich Kalitsch family and the permanent forest . State forest administration Saxony-Anhalt, Magdeburg 2002
- Wilhelm Bode (Ed.): Alfred Möller, The permanent forest thought - His sense and its meaning, annotated reprint of the original from 1922 about the Bärenthorener pine industry (Oberteuringen 1992)
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 0 ′ 4 " N , 12 ° 16 ′ 43" E