Bökingharde
The Bökingharde (Danish Bøking Herred ) was a lower administrative district within the Ämter and Harden in Schleswig and belonged to the Tondern office .
history
The origin of the Harden is believed to be in the Viking Age . The Bökingharde is mentioned for the first time in the Waldemar Erdbuch 1231. At that time it consisted of the North Frisian Geest villages Deezbüll , Risum and Lindholm and several parishes in the Uthlanden , including the islands of Galmsbüll , Dagebüll and Fahretoft . The Danish King Erik Manved forced the construction of a dam from the islands to the mainland around 1300.
In 1344 the Bökingharder dared to oppose Waldemar Atterdag's tax demands . In a battle near Langsumtoft (now a district of Niebüll as Langstoft ) the Bökingharders were defeated and forced to pay even higher taxes. They also had to provide the king with 500 horsemen a year for a campaign.
During the great mandrank of 1362, the Bökingharde lost three churches, including the Langsumtoft church. Galmsbüll, Fahretoft and Dagebüll became Halligen .
In 1426 representatives of the Bökingharde took part in the deliberations as well as in the decision- making process for sieving the siege . While the areas of Sylt and Föhr fell to the Kingdom of Denmark during the Peace of Vordingborg in 1435 , the Bökingharde continued to belong to the Duchy of Schleswig . Siebenharden sieben remained there until 1572.
Dike in the Dagebüller Bay
In 1566 the dike of the Gotteskoog , one third of which was assigned to the Bökingharde, was completed. This turned the sea south of the Kooges into a bay, bounded by the Horsbüllharde (today "Wiedingharde") , Bökingharde and Nordergoesharde (in the UZS from north to south). In the more than 200 years that followed, there were constant attempts to dike the Dagebüller Bay in one way or another and to make the land usable. In the end, however, this undertaking succeeded: Today's municipalities Galmsbüll and Dagebüll consist almost exclusively of kegs or former islands of the Dagebüller Bay.
Bottschlotter plant
In 1566, Duke Johann planned the so-called Bottschlotter factory , a dam across the three large Hallig towns of Fahretoft, Dagebüll and Galmsbüll and several small ones , through which all the tidal currents were to be dammed up at once. The local population was forced to work and deliver the material. Time and again, the work was hindered or even destroyed by storms. After Johann's death, his brother Duke Adolf continued the work with experts from the Netherlands , but finally gave up in 1585 because the Bottschlotter Tief had proven to be invincible and the foreland was not yet "ready for dykes", which means that there was not yet enough Land wax had formed through regular flooding.
It was not until July 2, 1633 that Claas Jannsen Rollwagen, the son of the dike count Johann Clausen Rollwagen , who died in 1623 or 1624, succeeded in closing the dike at Bottschlotter Tief after ten years of work thanks to the support of the Dutch engineer Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater , which even caused the Burchardi flood on 11/12 . October 1634 withstood. The damming of the Kleiseetief, which is under construction, however, destroyed the flood. 402 people died in the Bökingharde during the flood. The attempt to secure the entire Dagebüller Bay with a single dike was then abandoned.
In 1641, however, at least the much smaller Bottschlotter Koog was dyed . In 1652 the Blumenkoog was won.
From 1700
Because the failed Bottschlotter plant had shown that the population was overwhelmed with the construction of the dyke and its financing, the dukes subsequently awarded several octroups in order to give incentives to take the risk of reclaiming it: In 1682, the old Christian- Albrechts-Koogs ; In 1704, the Hallig Dagebüll and its abutment were diked, a year later the Neue Christian-Alberts-Koog, most of these dykes withstood the Christmas flood of 1717 . In 1727 the Kleiseerkoog was diked. In 1789, when the Marienkoog was dyed, the Dagebüller Bay became secure land.
However, the holm Galmsbüll had to be abandoned in 1802 and went to the Hallig flood 1825. In the 20th century, the Galmsbüllkoog and the Osewoldter Koog enlarged the settlement area of the Bökingharde.
After the annexation by Prussia
With the annexation of Schleswig-Holstein by Prussia, the Harde was converted into a Hardesvogtei and finally dissolved with the formation of the districts in 1889.
From 1967 to 2007 there was the Bökingharde Office , an office in the North Friesland district , which was named after Harde.