Heinrichsheim
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Heinrichsheim
Large district town of Neuburg on the Danube
Coordinates: 48 ° 43 ′ 50 ″ N , 11 ° 13 ′ 55 ″ E
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| Height : | 379 m |
| Residents : | 2702 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 86633 |
| Area code : | 08431 |
Heinrichsheim is a district of Neuburg ad Donau in the Upper Bavarian district of Neuburg-Schrobenhausen .
geography
Heinrichsheim is about five kilometers east of Neuburg on the northwestern edge of the Donaumooses . In the meantime the place has grown into the largest district of Neuburg and had 2732 inhabitants. (As of December 31, 2008)
Two districts belong to the Heinrichsheim district:
- Citizenship women
- Heinrichsheim
history
Emergence
Heinrichsheim, which is grouped in a ring around a wide meadow , was not formed until the beginning of the 19th century as a settlement for mostly newly immigrated colonists . The communal corridor , soil of quite poor yield quality in partly swampy terrain, was adjacent to the alluvial forest of the Danube to the south and to the west of the old deciduous forests around Grünau and Bruck. It was essentially wasteland before . On January 25, 1806, the King of Bavaria, Maximilian I Joseph, ordered the sale of land in Holzwies. The first auction dates were on February 25, 1806 and April 25, 1806. Various buyers sensed a business, bought and sold the land again. Including the royal Bavarian treasurer of Neuburg, Joseph Askanus Count von Verri de la Bossia. The first settler, however, was not widely traveled, but was Andreas Kerner and came from Sinning. The place is only 16 kilometers away. He probably built the house out of wood in 1806 and moved in in 1807. But on January 4, 1809, Kerner sold the small mercenary property for 450 guilders. At that time, the Holzwies, as the new place was originally called, had three houses. Due to the areas of origin of the new settlers - many of them came from the Palatinate , Württemberg or Baden - Heinrichsheim had a very unusual feature for old Bavarian communities. For many years more than half of the population was of Protestant faith. A high percentage of Protestants was also typical for the Donaumoos communities. In 1837 the colony already had 34 families with 225 souls.
A community of its own
The Heinrichsheimer citizens were assigned to the Zell community. Given this size, in 1837 there was a desire to have its own administration. The reason given was that Heinrichsheim is surrounded by swampy moor meadows all around and that only bad roads lead to Zell. Likewise, the way to Neuburg should hardly be passable in spring and autumn.
A list of signatures has now been presented to the villagers with the application for their own community. Of the 34 families, 30 signed it. With a letter from 1838, the Neuburg district court had nothing against the spin-off. The municipality of Zell did not mind either. Now the citizens of Zell, Bruck and Maxweiler also had to give their consent. Meetings were arranged for this purpose. A formal error had crept in and so the three localities had to repeat their signatures again.
On March 11, 1838, the ministry approved a "Heinrichsheim community", and that was the hour of birth. The local council elections were scheduled for April 27, 1838. 35 people were entitled to vote and 31 went to vote. Leonhardreiber became community representative and Thomas Vogelsang community caretaker. Josef Ganshorn took over the fate of the new community for five years as the first mayor.
The church continued to grow. Newcomers came to the village again and again. In 1873/74 50 families with 333 inhabitants had to be registered. In 1933 the population had increased to 68 households, of which 42 farmers were expelled, 14 workers and farmers and 6 workers. Heinrichsheim only had a village school , a fire station and the cemetery in public facilities . The parishes in Neuburg an der Donau and Marienheim were always responsible for the members of the three local faiths - Catholic, Evangelical Lutheran and Evangelical Reformed .
After the Second World War , the influx of displaced people brought about a significant increase in population for the first time. Since the 1970s, extensive new construction of private homes began in the Neuburg suburb. During the incorporation , the citizens of Heinrichsheim decided to integrate into the city of Neuburg an der Donau. After 134 years of independence, on July 1, 1972, they placed their fate in the hands of the district town.
The church wish
The place and the community Heinrichsheim has grown a lot in the past. The desire for a Catholic Church of their own increased. On October 7, 1860, this idea was submitted to the authorities. The district court took a position on October 13, 1860 and approved the motion with the statement: “A church would be more desirable for the Catholics in Heinrichsheim, as in Heinrichsheim - as in the other colonies - the moral conditions are and are not the best direct influence of a pastor would be necessary ”. The district court respected the services offered, as unfavorable financial circumstances prevail.
The government did not allow itself to be softened and on January 13, 1861, refused to build a new church on the grounds: “The Catholics are cared for by the parish of Holy Spirit in Neuburg. It's only half an hour to Zell and the aid is insignificant. "
As a result, no more attempt was made and the largest district of Neuburg today is without its own church. There is also no chapel. The only bell in Heinrichsheim is the little bell in the morgue tower.
The cemetery
Emergence
Heinrichsheim is a place that grew out of nothing. That is why there was no school, church or cemetery in town. These were difficult times for the colonists of the "Holzwies", as they were also popularly known.
In the event of a death, those affected had to endure so much strain. For the Catholics, the next clergyman was in the Heilig Geist parish in Neuburg. A four-kilometer walk from Heinrichsheim, i.e. at least fifty minutes on foot. The Reformed had to march to Marienheim and were about the same distance. The Lutherans even had a way of ten kilometers to reach the pastor in Untermaxfeld , around two hours on foot.
Yet mortality was once extremely high. From 1809 to 1842, 112 people had to be buried by Heinrichsheim, including 83 children and 29 adults. The need and poverty were also an essential characteristic. The official entries such as births and deaths as well as weddings were therefore carried out by the clergy in the parish free of charge, regardless of which denomination the person concerned belonged to. The pastor of the respective denomination was called in for the funeral.
So the wish was voiced for an own cemetery. In 1834 Jakob Schallenberger from Heinrichsheim gave the Protestants a piece of land, but with one restriction. Only twelve co-authorized persons were allowed to use it. For this purpose, a “prop house” was built to store the necessary equipment for a funeral.
In 1960 the cemetery was expanded and a morgue was built for 15,000 marks. Not all of Heinrichsheim's dead are buried here; the cemetery grounds are far too small for that. But it is valued and cared for. In 2001 the desolate outdoor area was repaired and the cemetery wall was given a new, weatherproof coating. The entrance was expanded and provided with elegant iron gates. The cemetery is still a central memorial to honor the dead.
A special memorial
The cemetery has its own language, it doesn't always have to be big. In Heinrichsheim there is a simple wooden cross with the inscription: Irene Hnedez, born April 26, 1927 in Lubischuk / Kiev, + May 31, 1944 in Heinrichsheim .
It was a Soviet prisoner of war who was employed by the Konrad Dettweiler family. The farmer himself only got to know and appreciate the girl during his home vacation. The prisoner of war fell ill in 1944, was taken to the Neuburg hospital and died there from a lack of medication. Out of gratitude, the Dettweiler family tended the grave for 57 years. When this was no longer possible for reasons of age, Dettweiler sought help. The Heinrichsheimer Gartenverein took care of the maintenance and so the grave became a memorial far beyond death.
The citizen mother
The Bürgererschwaige is much older than the Heinrichsheim district. Nothing is known about their origins. In 1579 it was first mentioned as a wasteland . In 1581 it is recorded that so little is being harvested from the forest that the forester can hardly be paid.
Around 1800 the homestead is said to have been completely surrounded by the forest with mighty oaks. The Bürgererschwaige was a popular excursion destination for a long time and many a rest was taken. In 1806 a Franz Xaver Appel lived in the desert. In 1828 Appel bought the homestead from the Neuburg city council. Because of the many deaths in the family, the Bürgererschwaige often changed hands. But the restaurant is still there in 1848. Later the wasteland was only run as a farm. Today the Bürgererschwaige is a whole street and the “Schwaigholzstraße” and the street structure “An der Wolfsschütt” also belong in its corridor. The Bürgererschwaige is now integrated in the Heinrichsheim district and surrounded by numerous houses.
Personalities
Rudolf Rupp
The death of Rudolf Rupp occurred in autumn 2001 . It is considered to be one of the most bizarre cases in recent German criminal history. With the later discovery of the skeletonized corpse of Rudolf Rupp at the wheel of his car sunk in the Danube, it was proven that the findings in the verdict of the Ingolstadt district court could not be correct to a large extent. As a result of this judgment, Rupp's wife, his two daughters and the boyfriend of one of the daughters at the time had served several years in prison.
People and their street names
Adam Brüderle
He came from what was then the Grand Duchy of Baden and was born in Muckenloch in 1793. In 1817 he came to Heinrichsheim, the new place became his second home. There he soon gained a reputation among the villagers. As early as December 31, 1818, he was proposed by the community leader as the preferred teacher. The government also agreed. On March 12, 1819, he received permission to teach the children privately. A dream came true for Brüderle. He also became the first teacher in the town. The villagers were poor, so he had to live off a meager income and also run an agricultural business, but also work as a day laborer in the nearby Gut Rohrenfeld. He made one room in his house available free of charge as a classroom, but cleaning, whitewashing and heating were also done at Brüderle's expense. The income was so low and the salary as a teacher so low that he had to live in dire poverty with his wife and nine children. In 1842 the unskilled pedagogue handed over the indebted property to his daughter. After all, the teacher lived in an attic. He died on May 25, 1856 and was buried in the Neuburg cemetery, and with him a sad teacher chapter. Brüderle was a teacher in Heinrichsheim for 37 years. But in retrospect they were grateful and honored their services with the street name “Adam-Brüderle-Straße”.
Matthias Bauer
He was a farmer, mayor and churchman. Not much is known about his life. Matthias Bauer was born in 1885 and took over his parents' farm in 1910. He earned a high reputation in the community and was elected mayor in 1924. In 1933 he had to give up the office because he had not joined the NSDAP . After a year break, Bauer was reinstated as mayor and led the community until 1942.
In 1945 the American occupiers picked up the former mayor in a jeep and drove him through Heinrichsheim. The occupiers were well informed and knew that, despite his office, he was not a friend of Adolf Hitler - so he became a showpiece that day. The Americans reinstated him as mayor. He ran the official business until 1952 and thus had 25 years of mayoral activity. In the obituary there was talk of "rare hard work and great loyalty to duty", reported the local newspaper.
Matthias Bauer was religious and valued by the Reformed community in Marienheim. From 1929 to 1955, i.e. until his death, he was in the presbytery and represented church affairs. For many years he was on the Synodal Committee of the Evangelical Reformed Church in Bavaria and was allowed to represent the home parish there.
The well-deserved community citizen was given a monument by the name of "Matthias-Bauer-Straße".
Arthur Behr
His life played mainly in the post-war period, at least for his professional activity. Behr was born in Heinrichsheim in 1922, grew up there and also lived his life there. For more than ten years he was the postman and for more than twenty years an employee of the Bundeswehr administration.
He was active in local politics in Heinrichsheim for a full 26 years, including 12 years as the first mayor. Then he had to put his place Heinrichsheim in the hands of the district town of Neuburg in a voluntary incorporation on July 1, 1972 as part of the regional reform. This made it possible to secure considerable state funds for the expansion of Heinrichsheim. Various investments for Heinrichsheim were set down and secured in a twelve-point program. Until 1978 he represented the interests of Heinrichsheim in the city council. On his 65th birthday in 1987, the “former mayor” took stock again and remarked: “We recognized the signs of the times in good time”. A heart attack led to his death that same year. He too will be remembered forever thanks to the “Arthur-Behr-Straße”.
literature
- Ludwig Wagner : Chronicle Two Hundred Years of Heinrichsheim 1805–2005 - A look back , publisher: Heinrichsheimer Vereine, 2005.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Population figures in the city of Neuburg an der Donau
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 601 .
Mountains | Bittenbrunn with Auschlösschen, Eulahof, Laisacker and Ziegelau | Bruck with Maxweiler and Rothheim | Feldkirchen with Altmannstetten , Gnadenfeld (Kahlhof) , Hardt and Sehensand | Forsthof | Heinrichsheim with citizens' mother | Herrenwörth | Joshofen | Neuburg an der Donau | Ried with Gietlhausen and Hessellohe | Zell with the hunting lodge Grünau , Rödenhof, Rohrenfeld and Marienheim