BB R 1051 + 1052
BB R / RhB Xrot d | |
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X red d 9213 and Gem 4/4 801 on the Bernina Pass
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Numbering: | BB 1051, 1052 RhB 9213, 9214 |
Number: | 2 |
Manufacturer: | SLM |
Year of construction (s): | 1910, 1912 |
Retirement: | 1967 (1052/9214) |
Axis formula : | C'C ' |
Gauge : | 1000 mm ( meter gauge ) |
Length: | 13,865 mm |
Height: | 3,800 mm |
Width: | 2,800 mm, max. 3,600 mm |
Total wheelbase: | 10,655 mm (including tender) |
Smallest bef. Radius: | 45.0 m |
Service mass: | 45 t |
Service mass with tender: | 63.5 t |
Friction mass: | 45 t |
Top speed: | 35 km / h |
Indexed performance : | Drive: 221 kW Snow blower: 368 kW |
Driving wheel diameter: | 750 mm |
Number of cylinders: | 6th |
Cylinder diameter: | 1051: 300 mm 1052: 310 mm |
Piston stroke: | 450 mm |
Boiler overpressure: | 1051: 13 atü 1052: 14 atü |
Number of heating pipes: | 14th |
Number of smoke tubes: | 158 |
Heating pipe length: | 3.10 m |
Grate area: | 1.60 m² |
Tubular heating surface: | 110 m² |
Superheater area : | 17.5 m² |
Service weight of the tender: | 18.5 t |
Water supply: | 7 m³ |
Fuel supply: | 4 tons of coal |
The vehicles R 1051 and R 1052 are steam-powered snow blowers with their own drive of the Bernina Railway (BB), which has been part of the Rhaetian Railway since 1944 .
history
The Bernina Railway, which opened between 1908 and 1910, was initially only intended for summer operation, as the line, unlike other Alpine transversal routes, does not have a crest tunnel. Just a few years after the opening, however, the operator decided on year-round traffic, which required the construction of additional tunnels and galleries as well as the procurement of snow blowers. From the winter of 1910/11, the service ran from Pontresina to Alp Grüm, and from the winter of 1914/15 the railway was in continuous operation.
For this purpose, the railway ordered two steam-powered snow blowers, one after the other , from the Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM), which were delivered in 1910 (R 1051) and 1912 (R 1052). In contrast to the vehicles built so far, including the two steam extractors on the RhB main line, the two Bernina extractors are self-driving vehicles. The Bernina Railway decided to do this because it was not possible to push with enough force in the tight curves and the railway itself did not have any traction vehicles that were independent of the contact wire. The centrifuges were still normally used with push drive vehicles so that the entire boiler output was available for the steam engine of the centrifugal wheel.
With the takeover of the Bernina Railway by the Rhaetian Railway (RhB), the two slingshots were given the new designations R 13 and R 14, in 1950 then X rot d 9213 and 9214. The designation X rot d is made up of: X = official vehicle, red = rotating, d = steam driven. The two vehicles were in regular use until 1967 and were then replaced by more modern slingshots. In 1990, 9214 came to the Furka Mountain Line Steam Railway (DFB), which it passed on to the Blonay – Chamby (BC) museum railway in 1996 in exchange for the R 12 ; the X rot d 9213, on the other hand, will continue to be kept operational in the home depot in Pontresina . It is still operated today mainly for tourist purposes, namely as part of so-called photo trips; but sometimes it is also used during the evacuation.
construction
The Meyer type vehicles each have two three-axle motor bogies. The four cylinders for driving the motor frames are in the middle of the vehicle, above is the drive for the snow blower, which is driven by two cylinders. The diameter of the blower wheel is two and a half meters; it rotates at a maximum of 170 revolutions per minute. With this, up to three meters high snow masses can be removed.
The snow blowers are coupled to a two-axle tender.
Special missions
In 1920 a snow blower was caught in an avalanche and overturned. Eight people were fatally injured by the steam escaping from the pressure relief valves.
The X rot d 9214 was used on January 26, 1968 for a one-time large-scale operation on the Arosabahn . Pushed by two ABDe 4/4s , it had to clear the snow-covered stretch between Langwies and Arosa , and it took eight hours to complete the section, which was only eight kilometers long.
photos
literature
- Hans Hofmann: Chur – Arosa, about the construction and operation of the railway. 2nd edition, Calanda Verlag H. Hofmann, Chur 1989/93, ISBN 3-905260-11-5 , pp. 83-89.
- Alfred Leuenberger: smoke, steam and powder snow. The steam snow blowers of the Swiss railways. Orell Füssli Verlag, Zurich 1967, without ISBN.
- Claude Jeanmaire: The direct current lines of the Rhaetian Railway. Archive No. 20. Verlag Eisenbahn, Villigen 1975, ISBN 3-85649-020-5 .
- Gerhard Siem: Chronicle of the Railway. HEEL, Augsburg 2005, ISBN 3-89880-413-5 .
Web links
- NZZ video: When the Bernina monster wakes up
Individual evidence
- ↑ When the Bernina monster wakes up. In: NZZ-Video. Neue Zürcher Zeitung , February 27, 2013, accessed on March 29, 2019 : “[…] in the winter of 1920: During use, the steam extractor is hit by an avalanche and overturned. “Eight people were killed there because the steam leaked inside. [...] Later they installed the pressure relief valves on the roof. "( Adriano Braun )"