Baeckea

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Baeckea
Baeckea brevifolia

Baeckea brevifolia

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family : Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily : Myrtoideae
Tribe : Chamelaucieae
Genre : Baeckea
Scientific name
Baeckea
L.

Baeckea is a genus of plants inthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The approximately 27 to 70 or 75 species occur in Australia , New Caledonia and with Baeckea frutescens as far as China . With around 27 species, Australia is the main distribution center.

description

Appearance and leaves

Baeckea species grow as drought-adapted, evergreen shrubs that reach heights of 10 centimeters to 2.5 meters. They contain essential oils .

The against-constantly arranged on the branches leaves are stalked sitting or short. The leaf blades are leathery in some species. There are no stipules .

Inflorescences and flowers

The flowers stand individually in the leaf axils or some in zymose inflorescences . The two small bracts fall off early. There may be flower stalks.

The relatively small flowers are hermaphroditic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are bell-shaped or hemispherical with each other and mostly fused with the ovary. The five calyx lobes are membranous and durable. The five free petals are almost circular. There are one, two or four circles with five stamens each, which with their short stamens do not protrude over the corolla. Two or three carpels are fused into a mostly subordinate, sometimes semi-subordinate or rarely upper, two- or three- chamber ovary. There are some ovules in each ovary chamber . The short style ends in a roughly widened scar.

The pollination is done by insects ( Entomophilie ) or birds ( ornithophily ).

Fruits and seeds

The capsule fruits jump up in two or three segments and contain only one to three, rarely more seeds. The kidney-shaped and angular seeds contain a straight embryo with two small cotyledons ( cotyledons ), but no endosperm .

Occurrence

The distribution area of ​​the genus extends from Australia and New Caledonia to Southeast Asia ( China ). Baeckea species grow in heather bushes, sometimes on sandstone. Some species occur locally, such as Baeckea kandos , which is only known from the Kandos weir in New South Wales .

Systematics

The genus Baeckea was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 2, p. 358. Linnaeus named the genus Baeckea after his friend Abraham Bäck (1713–1795), a Swedish doctor and naturalist. Type species is Baeckea frutescens L.

There are a variety of synonyms for Baeckea L. are: Allostis Raf. , Camphoromyrtus look. , Drosodendron Roem. , Imbricaria Sm. , Jungia Gaertn. , Mollia J.F. Gmel. , Murrinea Raf. , Neuhofia Stokes , Schidiomyrtus Schauer , Tetraspora Miq. , Tjongina Adans.

Some species that were formerly included in the genus Baeckea now belong to the genera Astartea DC. , Babingtonia Lindl. , Ericomyrtus Turcz. , Euryomyrtus Schauer , Hysterobaeckea (Nied.) Rye , Ochrosperma Trudgen , Tetrapora Schauer and Triplarina Raf. and Anticoryne Turcz. , Harmogia Schauer , Cyathostemon Turcz. , Hypocalymma (Endl.) Endl. , Oxymyrrhine Schauer , Rinzia Schauer and Scholtzia Schauer .

The genus Baeckea belongs to the tribe Chamelaucieae in the subfamily Myrtoideae in the family of Myrtaceae .

Baeckea frutescens
Baeckea imbricata
Baeckea linifolia

There are about 27 (up to 75) Baeckea species (according to WCSP and APNI as of 2020); here with information on distribution:

The following are no longer included in this category:

use

Some Baeckea TYPES be due to their content of essential oils used as a tea vendor.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Baeckea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Jie Chen, Lyn A. Craven: Myrtaceae. : Baeckea , pp. 329–330 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 13 - Clusiaceae through Araliaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2007. ISBN 978-1-930723-59-7
  3. ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. Birkhäuser, Basel / Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-7643-0755-2 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI.
  5. ↑ Baeckea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  6. ^ A b Baeckea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  7. ↑ When is a Baeckea not a Baeckea? In: Australian Plants online , December 2001. ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / asgap.org.au

Supplementary literature

  • AR Bean: A revision of Baeckea (Myrtaceae) in eastern Australia, Malesia and south-east Asia. In: Telopea , Volume 7, Issue 3, 1997, pp. 245-268.
  • Anna E. Carrucan, Andrew N. Drinnan: The Ontogenetic Basis for Floral Diversity in the Baeckea Sub-Group (Myrtaceae). In: Kew Bulletin , Volume 55, No. 3, 2000, pp. 593-613.

Web links

Commons : Baeckea  - collection of images, videos and audio files