Liverpool Lime Street Railway Station
| Liverpool Lime Street | |
|---|---|
 Exterior view of the station in July 2010.
On the left the building of the former station hotel. |
|
| Data | |
| Operating point type | railway station |
| Location in the network | Platform hall: terminus underground station: intermediate station |
| Design | Platform hall: terminus underground station: through station |
| Platform tracks | Platform hall: 10 Underground station: 1 |
| abbreviation | LIV |
| IBNR | 7001372 |
| opening | 1836 |
| Website URL | www.networkrail.co.uk |
| Architectural data | |
| architect | Entrance building: William Tite North platform hall: William Baker South platform hall: Francis Stevenson and EW Ives Train station hotel: Alfred Waterhouse |
| location | |
| Metropolitan Borough | City of Liverpool |
| Part of the country | England |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Coordinates | 53 ° 24 '27 " N , 2 ° 58' 42" W |
| List of train stations in the United Kingdom | |
Liverpool Lime Street , operational abbreviation LIV , is the main train station of the British city of Liverpool . The station is on a branch of the West Coast Main Line and is used by almost 20 million passengers annually. The station is operated by the infrastructure company Network Rail .
Location and arrangement
The terminus is located east of the city center on Lime Street. The nine platforms are covered by two adjacent halls with glazed roofs. Long-distance traffic is usually handled via the hall to the south with the slightly longer platforms 7 to 9.
Under Lime Street and St. George's Hall is the underground station used by Merseyrail on the Wirral Line. It has a single platform edge, which is served by the trains on the loop running under the terminus, with this Liverpool Loop only traveling clockwise.
history
When the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) opened in 1830, Liverpool station was on Crown Street, a long way from the city center. This station quickly became too small, so a new, more centrally located station should be built.
Construction on Lime Street began in 1833 after the city government purchased the property for £ 9,000 . In 1832, before the station was built, work began on the 1006 m long tunnel between Edge Hill and Lime Street. The new from John Foster jun. The main train station, designed in the classical style with wooden platform halls, was opened in 1836, although the work was not completed until the following year.
The 11 ‰ ramp Execute between Lime Street and Edge Hill was up in 1879 as the cable railway operated. The trains stopped at Edge Hill, where the locomotives were put away. They then rolled down by gravity into Lime Street Station, the speed being kept under control by the brakes . On the way back, the wagons were pulled up on a rope by a stationary steam engine.
Lime Street was one of the first stations from which mail was sent by rail. The service seems to have existed as early as the 1940s. In 1845 the L&MR was taken over by the Grand Junction Railway (GJR), which was the continuation of the L&MR to Birmingham . In 1846 the GJR became the London and North Western Railway (LNWR).
After only six years, the first train station on Lime Street had to be replaced by a new building, which went into operation in 1849, due to rapidly increasing traffic. This was designed by William Tite and had a platform hall built by Richard Turner , which was built between 1849 and 1851 and was one of the first hall constructions with a barrel roof . The roof was a cast iron construction in the shape of a segment arch with a span of 47 m. It housed three platforms with six tracks and a right of way. For the main girders of the hall, rolled rail profiles that were braced with wrought iron bars were used. The roof was made of corrugated iron with large glazed areas that failed. The 10 mm thick glass panes, which were embedded in the window putty on the iron window bars, could not follow the thermal expansion and broke. In 1867 the platform hall was replaced by today's northern hall. The southern hall was added in 1874.
The imposing neo-renaissance style station hotel designed by Alfred Waterhouse was added in 1871. It was called the North Western Hotel and had 330 rooms. The operation closed in 1933 and continued as Lime Street Chambers for a while before closing again. In 1994 the building was bought by Liverpool John Moores University and converted into a student residence for £ 6 million .
In 1923 the station was owned by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), and in 1948 by British Rail in the London Midland region . The overhead lines for the electrification of the access routes were built in 1959, but electrical operation as far as Crewe was not started until 1962.
From 1966 the first InterCity train ran to London at a top speed of 160 km / h. In 1977, Merseyrail was created from several electric suburban railways . The Wirral Line serves the city center with a single-lane ring line, also opened in 1977, which has an underground station at Lime Street Station.
With the British government's austerity program called Beeching's ax , the railway network was reduced. The Liverpool Exchange and Liverpool Central terminus stations were closed to long-distance traffic in 1966 and 1970, respectively, and all long-distance traffic was concentrated in Liverpool Lime Street.
From October 2003 the Pendolino trains operated by Virgin Trains to London, which can reach top speeds of up to 200 km / h. In 2015, electrical operations began on the routes to Manchester and Wigan.
business
Trains from five different railway companies use the terminus. Virgin Trains run hourly to London, while Northern Rail has hourly connections to Manchester , Sheffield , the East Midlands , East Anglia and Birmingham, as well as suburban services. The TransPennine Express runs hourly to Manchester, Leeds and North East England.
The only rail company using the underground portion of the station is Merseyrail , which operates numerous suburban lines under the River Mersey to the Wirral Peninsula and Chester .
Web links
| Previous station | National Rail | Next train station | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Runcorn |
Virgin Trains West Coast Main Line |
final destination | ||
| Manchester Victoria |
First TransPannine Express Liverpool - Newcastle |
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| Liverpool South Parkway |
First TransPannine Express Liverpool - Scarborough |
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| Liverpool South Parkway |
London Midland Liverpool-Birmingham |
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| Liverpool South Parkway |
East Midlands Trains Liverpool − Norwich |
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| Edge Hill |
Northern Rail Liverpool − Manchester Line |
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Northern Rail Liverpool − Wigan Line |
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| Wavertree Technology Park |
Northern Rail Liverpool-Manchester Airport |
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| Liverpool South Parkway |
Northern Rail South Parkway-Lime Street-Blackpool |
Huyton | ||
| Moorfields |
Merseyrail Wirral Line |
Liverpool Central | ||
Individual evidence
- ^ Liverpool Lime Street - Facilities, Shops and Parking Information. Network Rail, accessed April 13, 2020 (UK English).
- ↑ a b Lime Street. In: Edge Hill Station. Retrieved April 14, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Liverpool Lime Street Station. In: Railway Technology. Retrieved April 14, 2020 (UK English).
- ^ Jan Ford: Liverpool Lime Street Station. In: Jan Ford's World. May 28, 2013, accessed April 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Bradshaw: 1842 Summer Bradshaw Companion . 1842 ( archive.org [accessed April 14, 2020]).
- ↑ Chris Wilkinson: Supersheds: The Architecture of Long-Span, Large-Volume Buildings . Butterworth-Heinemann, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4831-4506-8 , pp. 8 ( google.ch [accessed April 14, 2020]).
- ^ North Western Hotel, Lime Street Station, Liverpool, by Alfred Waterhouse (1871). In: The Victorian Web. Retrieved April 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Ben Brooksbank: Liverpool Lime Street Station in Steam. In: Geographer. 1959, accessed April 15, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Liverpool Lime Street. In: Triposo. Retrieved April 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Liverpool Merseyrail. In: Urbanrail.net. Retrieved April 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Liverpool Central (High Level) Station. In: Disused Stations. Retrieved April 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Liverpool Exchange Station. In: Disused Stations. Retrieved April 15, 2020 .