Baksan (river)
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Baksan Баксан |
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 The Baksan near the village of Terskol |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 07020000712108200004482 | |
| location | Kabardino-Balkaria (Russia) | |
| River system | Terek | |
| Drain over | Malka → Terek → Caspian Sea | |
| source | Asau Glacier on the southern slope of Elbrus 43 ° 16 ′ 23 ″ N , 42 ° 26 ′ 41 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 2800 m | |
| muzzle | to Malka near Prochladny Coordinates: 43 ° 43 '49 " N , 44 ° 3' 45" E 43 ° 43 '49 " N , 44 ° 3' 45" E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 180 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 2620 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 15 ‰ | |
| length | 173 km | |
| Catchment area | 6800 km² | |
| Left tributaries | Gundelen | |
| Right tributaries | Tschegem , Tscherek | |
| Medium-sized cities | Tyrnyaus , Baksan , Prochladny | |
The Baksan ( Russian Бакса́н , Karachay-Balkar Басхан ) is a 173 km long right tributary of the Malka in the North Caucasian republic of Kabardino-Balkaria in Russia .
course
The Baksan flows from the Great Asau Glacier on the southern slope of the Elbrus at an altitude of about 2800 m . It flows around the mountain massif on the southeast side and then turns in northeastern directions. First it flows through a narrow part of the mountain, breaks through the Skalisty ridge ("rock ridge") of the Great Caucasus and reaches the plain above the city named after him, Baksan , where it branches into several arms (the most important, besides the main arm, are Baksanjonok and Geduko) . After another 50 km in an easterly direction, the Baksan flows into the Terek tributary Malka on the southeastern outskirts of Prochladny . At the confluence, the Baksan is significantly richer in water than the Malka (on average by more than five times).
The catchment area of the Baksan covers 6800 km². The most important tributaries are Tschegem and Tscherek from the right and the Gundelen from the left.
Use and infrastructure
The Baksan is not navigable. Its water is used on the lower reaches to irrigate agricultural areas. For this purpose, water is diverted from the Baksan towards the Malka via the Baksan-Malka Canal .
In the city of Baksan there is a small hydropower plant on the river , the Baksan hydropower plant (Baksanskaja GES) with an output of initially 25 megawatts , now 27 MW. It was built between 1930 and 1939 and is one of the oldest in Russia. After destruction in the Second World War , full operations were resumed in 1946. Since part of the technology has been in operation since the power plant was built, the current operator, the Kabardino-Balkarian branch of RusHydro , has been working on its reconstruction since 2007. The work was thrown back by a terrorist attack, which in July 2010 caused considerable damage to the plant. In December 2012 the power plant could be put back into operation.
In the town of Baksan, the M29 highway from Rostov-on-Don to the Azerbaijani border crosses the river; there the A158 branches off to the ski and alpine center below the Elbrus, which follows the river upwards to almost its source and crosses it several times.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Baksan in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ Baksan in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ Article Malka in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ Baksan hydropower plant on the RusHydro website (Russian), accessed February 4, 2013