Barnuta

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Barnuta (* before 1193 ; † before January 8, 1241 ) was a prince of Rügen , founder of the Gristow rule and ancestor of the Lords of Gristow .

Life

Barnuta was a son of Jaromars I of Rügen, who had been defeated by the Danes in 1168. The likely eldest son may not have come from any civil or marital connection of Jaromar or was born before his father converted to Christianity.

He was first mentioned in 1193 in a document from his father together with his brother Wizlaw . Around 1200 he was enfeoffed with large lands in the area between Ryck and Strelasund , in particular the Terra Gristow and the island of Koos . He secured these areas with the important ferry stations Niederhof and Stahlbrode against the claims of the Pomeranian dukes. In 1207 Barnuta and his brother Zwentopolk witnessed the award of several villages to the Eldena monastery . In 1209 he and Wizlaw witnessed the donation of further lands to the monastery. After the death of his father († 1217 or 1218) he was enfeoffed with the Principality of Rügen by the Danish King Waldemar II . In November 1221 he confirmed as "filius domini Jaromari, principis Ruyanorum" the goods transferred by his father to the Eldena Monastery. In the same month he resigned for unexplained reasons and left the rule of the Principality of Rügen to his younger brother Wizlaw I , who was named "Wisieszlauus Rujanorum princeps" in a document on November 24, 1221 . It is believed that he renounced an unchristian polygamous connection because of his origin. Until 1237 Barnuta was still listed as a witness in the certification of government documents.

Its headquarters were probably in a Yavian low castle called Gardist or Garchen , south of Kirchdorf . There his father Jaromar I already registered documents in 1207 and later his brother Wizlaw I, who confirmed the will of his deceased brother Barnuta there in 1241. After Barnuta's death, the castle was probably no longer used, and the seat of the family was moved to Gristow. However, Gristow was first mentioned in a document in 1249.

With his wife Slavomira, a daughter of Mitzlaw II von Gützkow according to the chronicler Kantzow , he founded the family of the Lords von Gristow . This only died out in modern times.

His wife and sons Dobizlaus de Gristow (mentioned 1237, 1249) and Johannes de Gristow (mentioned 1237, 1265, 1283, 1289) testified to his will shortly before his death, which Robert Klempin dated to the beginning of 1241. In it he gave the island of Koos to Eldena Monastery. His brother Wizlaw I confirmed the donation a few days after his death.

A seal from Barnuta has not been preserved, but it can be assumed that it was identical to that of his son Johannes, which is the only one from Gristow. The coat of arms of the von Gristow family is listed on the Lubin map in one of the coat of arms vignettes on the edge strip. Due to its size, it is very imprecise, but the head of the deer can be recognized analogously to the illustration on the seal.

literature

  • Gunnar Möller: History and settlement of the Terra Gristow from the 7th to the 14th century. In: Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Contributions to the history of Western Pomerania. The Demminer Colloquia 1985–1994. Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-931185-11-7 , pp. 315–321.
  • Theodor Pyl :  Wizlaw I . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, p. 680 f. (with mention of Barnutas)
  • Joachim Wächter : The Principality of Rügen - an overview. In: Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Contributions to the history of Western Pomerania. The Demminer Colloquia 1985–1994. Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-931185-11-7 , p. 299 ff.
  • Theodor Pyl: Pommersche Geschichtsdenkmäler, Volume 7, 1894, pp. 177, 185 and 225
  • Society for Pomeranian History: Baltic Studies, Volume 1929, p. 23

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Pomeranian document book . PUB I No. 381 u. 382
  2. ↑ a b Ingrid Schmidt: The dynasty of the Rügen princes. Hinstorff, Rostock 2009, ISBN 978-3-356-01335-1 , pp. 80-81.
  3. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I No. 123.
  4. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I, No. 145.
  5. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I No. 148.
  6. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I, No. 180. (with reference to the Chronica Danorum. Langebeck III, p. 264.)
  7. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I, No. 207.
  8. ^ Werner Buchholz: German history in Eastern Europe - Pomerania. Siedler Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-88680-272-8 , p. 101.
  9. ^ Pomeranian document book . PUB I, No. 208.
  10. ^ Theodor Pyl: Pommersche Geschichtsdenkmäler, Volume 7, 1894, p. 184
  11. ^ Gunnar Möller: History and Settlement of the Terra Gristow from the 7th to 14th century. In: Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Contributions to the history of Western Pomerania. The Demminer Colloquia 1985–1994. Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-931185-11-7 , pp. 319-321.

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Jaromar I. Prince of Rügen
1218–1221 		Wizlaw I.
personal data
SURNAME Barnuta
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince of Rügen
DATE OF BIRTH before 1193
DATE OF DEATH before January 8, 1241